HEAVENWARD

HEAVENWARD, hev'n-ward, HEAVENWARDS, hev'n-wardz, adv., toward or in the direction of heaven. [HEAVEN, and ward, sig. direction.]

HEAVE-OFFERING, hev'-of'er-ing, n. a Jewish offering heaved or moved up and down by the priest.

HEAVER, hēv'èr, n. one who or that which heaves.

HEAVY, hev'i, adj. weighty: not easy to bear: oppressive: afflicted: inactive: inclined to slumber: violent: loud: not easily digested, as food: miry, as soil: having strength, as liquor: dark with clouds: gloomy expensive: (B.) sad.adv., also HEAVILY.-M. HEAV'INESS. [A.S. hefig-hebban, to heave, and so meaning hard to heave; O. Ger. hepig, hebig.]

HEBDOMADAL, heb- dom'a-dal, HEBDOMADARY, heb-dom'a-dar-i, adj. occurring every seven days: weekly. [L. hebdomadalis-Gr. hebdomas, a period of seven days-hepta, seven.] HEBDOMADARY, heb-dom'a-dar-i, n. a member of a chapter or convent whose week it is to officiate in the choir, etc. HEBRAIC, hē-brā'ik, HEBRAICAL, hebra'ik-al, adj. relating to the Hebrews, or to their language.

HEBRAICALLY, he-bra'ik-al-i, adv. after the manner of the Hebrew language: from right to left.

HEBRAISM, he'bra-izm, n. a Hebrew idiom.

HEBRAIST, he'bra-ist, n. one skilled in Hebrew.

HEBRAISTIC, he-bra-ist'ik, adj. of or like Hebrew.

HEBRAIZE, he'bra-iz, v.t. to turn into Hebrew.

HEBREW, hē'brōō, n. one of the descendants of Abraham, who emigrated from beyond the Euphrates into Palestine: an Israelite, a Jew: the language of the Hebrews.-adj. relating to the Hebrews. [Fr. Hébreu-L. Hebræus-Gr. Hebraios -Heb. ibhri, a stranger from the other side of the Euphrates-ebher, the region on the other side-abar, to pass over.] HECATOMB, hek'a-tōōm or-tom, n. among the Greeks and Romans, a sacrifice of a hundred oxen: any large number of victims. [Gr. hekatombe-hekaton, a hundred, and bous, an ox.] HECKLE, hek'l. Same as HACKLE. HECTIC, hek'tik, HECTICAL, hek'tik-al, adj. pertaining to the constitution or habit of body: affected with hectic fever. -adv. HECTICALLY. [Fr.-Gr. hektikos, habitual-hexis, habit.]

HECTIC, hek'tik, n. a habitual or remit

tent fever, usually associated with consumption.

HECTOR, hek'tor, n. a bully: one who annoys.-v.t. to treat insolently: to annoy.-v.i. to play the bully. [From Hector, the famous Trojan leader.] HEDGE, hej, n. a thicket of bushes: a fence round a field, etc.-v.t. to inclose with a hedge: to obstruct: to surround: to guard. [A.S. hege; Dut. hegge, Ice. heggr.]

HEDGEBILL, hej'bil, HEDGING-BILL, hej'ing-bil, n. a bill or hatchet for dressing hedges.

HEDGEBORN, hej'bawrn, adj. of low birth, as if born by a hedge or in the woods: low obscure.

:

HEDGEHOG, hej'hog, n. a small pricklybacked quadruped, so called from its living in hedges and bushes, and its resemblance to a hog or pig. HEDGER, hej'er, n. one who dresses hedges. HEDGEROW, hej'ro, n. a row of trees or shrubs for hedging fields. HEDGESCHOOL, hej'skōōl, n. an open-air

216

school kept by the side of a hedge during the reign of penal laws in Ireland. HEDGE-SPARROW, hej'-spar'ō, n. a little singing bird, like a sparrow, which frequents hedges.

HEED, hēd, v.t. to observe: to look after : to attend to.-n. notice: caution: attention. [A.S. hedan; Dut. hoeden, Ger. hüten.J

HEEDFUL, hēd'fool, adj. attentive: cautious.-adv. HEED'FULLY.-n. HEED'FUL

NESS.

HEEDLESS, hēd'les, adj. inattentive: careless.-adv. HEED'LESSLY.-n. HEED'LESSNESS.

HEEL, hel, n. the part of the foot projecting behind: the whole foot (esp. of beasts): the covering of the heel: a spur: the hinder part of anything.-v.t. to use the heel to furnish with heels. [A.S. hela; Dut. hiel; prob. conn. with L. calx, Gr. lax, the heel.]

HEEL, hel, v.i. to incline: to lean on one side, as a ship. [A.S. hyldan; Ice. halla, | to incline.]

HEELPIECE, hēl'pēs, n. a piece or cover for the heel.

HEFT, heft. Same as HAFT. HEGEMONY, he-jem'o-ni, n., leadership: esp. among nations, governments and tribes in ancient history; as, the hegemony of Sparta among Grecian states.adj. HEGEMON'IC. [Gr. hegemonia-hegemon, leader-hegeisthai, to go before.] HEGIRA, HEJIRA, he-jí'ra, n. the flight of Mohammed from Mecca, July 16, 622 A.D., from which is dated the Mohammedan era: any flight. [Ar. hijrah, flight.] HEIFER, hef'er, n. a young cow. [A.S. heahfore; acc. to Skeat from A.S. heah, high, and fear, an ox, and so meaning a full-grown ox.]

HEIGH-HO, hi-ho, int. an exclamation expressive of weariness. [Imitative.] HEIGHT, hīt, n. the condition of being high distance upwards: that which is elevated, a hill elevation in rank or excellence : utmost degree. [Corr. of highth-A.S. heahthu-heah, high. See HIGH.]

HEIGHTEN, hit'n, v.t. to make higher: to advance or improve: to make brighter or more prominent. HEINOUS, ha'nus, adj. wicked in a high degree: enormous: atrocious.adv. HEINOUSLY.-n. HEINOUSNESS. [O. Fr. haïnos, Fr. haineux-haine, hate, from hair, to hate, from an O. Ger. root, found in Ger. hassen, Goth. hatyan, to hate. See HATE.]

HEIR, ar, n. one who inherits anything

-ns.

after the death of the owner: one entitled to anything after the present possessor :-fem. HEIRESS (ar'es). HEIR'DOM, HEIR'SHIP. [O. Fr. heir—L. heres, an heir, allied to L. herus, a master, and Gr. cheir, the hand, from a root ghar, to seize.] HEIR-APPARENT, ar-ap-pār'ent, n. the one apparently or acknowledged to be heir, esp. to a throne.

HEIRLESS, ār'les, adj. without an heir. HEIRLOOM, ār'lōōm, n. any piece of furniture or personal property which descends to the heir. [HEIR and loomM.E. lome-A.S. loma, geloma, furniture. See LOOM, n.]

HEIR-PRESUMPTIVE,ar-pre-zump'tiv, n. one who is presumed to be or would be heir if no nearer relative should be born. HEJIRA. See HEGIRA.

HELD, pa.t. and pa.p. of HOLD. HELIACAL, he-li'ak-al, adj. relating to the sun (astr.) emerging from the light of the sun or falling into it.-adv. HELI'ACALLY. [Gr. hēliakos—hēlios, the sun.]

HELLENISTIC

HELICAL, hel'ik-al, adj. spiral. adv. HEL'ICALLY. [See HELIX.] HELIOCENTRIČ, he-li-o-sen'trik, HELIO CENTRICAL, he-li-o-sen'trik-al, adj. (astr.) as seen from the sun's centre.adv. HELIOCEN'TRICALLY. [From Gr. helios, the sun, kentron, the centre.] HELIOGRAPH, he'li-o-graf, n. an appara tus for telegraphing by means of the sun's rays. HELIOGRAPHY, he-li-og'ra-fi, n. the art of taking pictures by sunlight, photography: the art of signalling by flashing the rays of the sun.-adj. HELIOGRAPHICAL.-N. HELIOG'RAPHER. [Gr. helios,

the sun, graphë, a painting—graphō, to grave.] HELIOLATER, he-li-ol'a-ter, n. a worshipper of the sun. [Gr. helios, the sun, latris, a servant.]

HELIOLATRY, he-li-ol'a-tri, n., worship of the sun. [Gr. helios, the sun, latreia, service, worship.]

HELIOMETER, he-li-om'e-ter, n. an instrument for measuring the apparent diameter of the sun or other heavenly body. [Gr. helios, and metron, a measure.] HELIOSCOPE, he'li-o-skōp, n. a telescope for viewing the sun without dazzling the eyes.-adj. HELIOSCOPIC. [Fr. hélioscope -Gr. helios, the sun, skopeō, to look, to spy.] HELIOSTAT, he'li-o-stat, n. an instrument by means of which a beam of sunlight is reflected in an invariable direction. [Gr. helios, and statos, fixed.] HELIOTROPE, he'li-o-trōp, n. a plant whose flowers are said always to turn round to the sun : (min.) a bloodstone, a variety of chalcedony of a dark-green color variegated with red: an instrumert for signalling by flashing the sun's rays. [Fr.-L.-Gr. heliotropion-helios, HELIOTYPE, he'li-o-tip, n. a photograph. the sun, tropos, a turn-trepō, to turn.] [Gr. helios, the sun, and typos, an impression.]

HELISPHERIC, hel-i-sfer'ik, HELISPHERICAL, hel-i-sfer'ik-al, adj., winding spiHELIX, he'liks, n. a spiral, as of wire in a rally round a sphere. coil: (zool.) the snail or its shell: the external part of the ear-pl. HELICES, hel'i-sēz. [L.-Gr. helix-helissō, to turn round.]

HELL, hel, n. the place or state of punishment of the wicked after death: the abode of evil spirits: the powers of hell: any place of vice or misery: a gamblinghouse. [A.S. hel, helle; Ice. hel, Ger. hölle (O. Ger. hella). From Hel (Scand.), Hell (A.S.), or Hella (O. Ger.), the Teut. goddess of death, whose name again is from a Teut. root seen in A.S. helan, to hide, Ger. hehlen, cog. with L. cel-are, to hide.]

HELLEBORE, hel'e-bōr, n. a plant used in medicine, anciently used as a cure for insanity. Fr. hellebore-L. helleborusGr. helleboros.]

HELLENIC, hel-len'ik or hel-lē'nik, HELLENIAN, hel-le'ni-an, adj. pertaining to the Hellenes or Greeks: Grecian [Gr. Hellenios, Hellēnikos-Hellenes, a name ultimately given to all the Greeks-Hellen, the son of Deucalion, the Greek Noah.]

HELLENISM, hel'en-izm, n. a Greek idiom. [Fr. Hellénisme-Gr. Hellēnismos.] HELLENIST, hel'en-ist, n. one skilled in the Greek language: a Jew who used the Greek language as his mother-tongue. [Gr. Hellenistēs.] HELLENISTIC, hel-en-ist'ik, HELLENISTICAL, hel-en-ist'ik-al, adj. pertaining

HELLENIZE

to the Hellenists: Greek with Hebrew | idioms.-adv. HELLENIST'ICALLY. HELLENIZE, hel'en-iz, v.i. to use the Greek language. [Gr. hellēnizō-Hellēn.] HELLHOUND, hel'hownd, n. a hound of hell: an agent of hell.

HELLISH, hel'ish, adj. pertaining to or like hell: very wicked.-adv. HELL'ISHLY. -n. HELL'ISHNESS.

HELM, helm, n. the instrument by which a ship is steered: the station of management or government. [A.S. helma; Ice. hjalm, a rudder, Ger. helm, a handle; allied to helve.]

HELM, helm, HELMET, helmet, n. a covering of armor for the head: (bot.) the hooded upper lip of certain flowers. [A.S.-helan, to cover; Ger. helm, a covering, helmet. Helmet is from the O. Fr. healmet, dim. of healme, the O. Fr. form of the same word.] HELMED, helmd', HELMETED, hel'meted, adj. furnished with a helmet. HELMINTHIC, hel-min'thik, adj. pertaining to worms: expelling worms.-n. a medicine for expelling worms. [From Gr. helmins, helminthos, a worm-heileō, helisso, to wriggle.]

HELMINTHOID, hel'min-thoid, adj. wormshaped. [Gr. helmins, and eidos, form.] HELMINTHOLOGY, hel-min-thol'o-ji, n. the science or natural history of worms. -adj. HELMINTHOLOGʻICAL.-n. HELMINTHOLOGIST. [From Gr. helmins, and logos, a discourse.]

HELMSMAN, helmz'man, n. the man at the helm.

HELOT, hel'ot or he'lot, n. a slave, among the Spartans. [Gr.; said to be derived from Helos, a town in Greece, reduced to slavery by the Spartans.] HELOTISM, hel'ot-izm or he'lot-izm, n. the condition of the Helots in ancient Sparta slavery.

HELOTRY, hel'ot-ri or he'lot-ri, n. the whole body of the Helots: any class of slaves.

HELP, help, v.t. to support: to assist: to give means for doing anything: to remedy to prevent.-v.i. to give assistance: to contribute:-pa.p. helped', (B.) hōlp'en. -n. means or strength given to another for a purpose: assistance: relief: one who assists: a hired man or woman. [A.S. helpan; Goth. hilpan, Ice. hialpa, Ger. helfen, to aid, assist.] HELPER, help'er, n. one who helps: an assistant.

HELPFUL, help'fool, adj. giving help: useful.-n. HELPFULNESS.

HELPLESS, help'les, adj. without help or power in one's self: wanting assistance: -adv. HELP'LESSLY.-n. HELP'LESSNESS. HELPMATE, help'māt, n. a mate or companion who helps: an assistant: a partner: a wife. [Formed on a misconception of the phrase an help meet in Gen. ii. 18, 20.] HELTER-SKELTER, hel'ter-skel'ter, adv. in a confused hurry: tumultuously. [Imitative.] HELVE, helv, n. a handle: the handle of an axe or hatchet.-v.1. to furnish with a handle, as an axe. [A.S. hielf, helfe, a handle; O. Dut. helve.] HELVETIC, hel-vet'ik, adj. pertaining to Switzerland. [L.-Helvetia, L. name of Switzerland.]

HEM, hem, n. the border of a garment doubled down and sewed.-v.t. to form a hem on to edge :-pr.p. hemm'ing; pa.p. hemmed'. HEM IN, to surround. TA.S. hem, a border; Ger. hamme, a fence, Fris. hamel, an edge.] HEM, hem, n. (int.) a sort of half cough to draw attention. - v.i. to utter the sound hem! - pr.p. hemm'ing; pa.p. hemmed'. [From the sound.]

217

HEMAL, he'mal, adj. relating to the blood | or blood-vessels. [Gr. haima, blood.] HEMATINE, hem'a-tin, n. the red coloring matter in the blood. [Fr.-Gr. haima, blood.]

HEMATITE, hem'a-tit, n. (min.) a valuable ore of iron, sometimes of a reddish-brown color, with a blood-red streak.-adj. HEMATIT'IC. [L.-Gr. haimatitēs, bloodlike-haima, haimatos, blood.] HEMIPTERA, hem-ip'ter-a, n. an order of insects, having four wings, the two anterior of which are scarcely preceptible. [Gr. hēmi, half (cog. with Lat. semi), and pteron, a wing.]

HEMISPHERE, hem'i-sfēr, n. a half-sphere: half of the globe, or a map of it. [Gr. hemisphairion-hēmi, half, and sphaira,. a sphere.]

HEMISPHERIC, hem-i-sfer'ik, HEMISPHERICAL, hem-i-sfer'ik-al, adj. pertaining to a hemisphere.

HEMISTICH, hem'i-stik, n., half a line, or an incomplete line in poetry. [L. hemistichium Gr. hemistichion-hemi, half, stichos, a line.]

HEMISTICHAL, he-mis'tik-al, adj. pertaining to or written in hemistichs. HEMLOCK, hem'lok, n. a poisonous plant used in medicine. [A.S. hemlic-leac, a plant, a LEEK, the first syllable being of unknown origin. Cf. CHARLOCK and GARLIC.]

HEMORRHAGE, hem'or-aj, n. a bursting or flowing of blood.-adv. HEMORRHAGIC (hem-or-aj'ik). [Gr. haimorrhagia-haima, blood, rhegnymi, to burst.] HEMORRHOIDS, hem'or-oidz, n.pl. painful tubercles around the margin of the anus, from which blood occasionally flows.-adj. HEMORRHOID'AL. [Gr. haimorrhoides-haima, blood, rheo, to flow.] HEMP, hemp, n. a plant with a fibrous bark used for cordage, coarse cloth, etc.: the fibrous rind prepared for spinning.adjs. HEMPEN, made of hemp; HEMP'Y, like hemp. [A.S. hænep, Ice. hampr; borrowed early from L. cannabis-Gr. kannabis, which is considered to be of Eastern origin, from Sans. çana, hemp. Cf. CANVAS.]

HEN, hen, n. the female of any bird, esp. of the domestic fowl. [A.S. henn, akin to Ger. henne, Ice. hæna, the fem. forms respectively of A.S. hana, Ger. hahn, Ice. hani, the male of birds, a cock; orig. the singer or crier, akin to L. cano, to sing.]

HENBANE, hen'ban, n. a plant which is a bane or poison to domestic fouls: the stinking night-shade, used in medicine for opium.

HENCE, hens, adv., from this place or time in the future: from this cause or reason from this origin.-int. away! begone! [M.E. hennes, henen A.S. heonan, from the base of HE; Ger. hinnen, hin, hence; so L. hinc, hence-hic, this. HENCEFORTH, hens-forth' or hens'-, HENCEFORWARD, hens-for'ward, adv. from this time forth or forward. HENCHMAN, hensh'man, n. a servant: a page. [Usually derived from haunchman, cf. FLUNKEY; perh., however, from A.S. hengest, a horse, Ger. hengst, and man, and meaning a groom (Skeat).] HENCOOP, hen'koop, n. a coop or large cage for domestic fowls. HENDECAGON, hen-dek'a-gon, n. a plane figure of eleven angles and eleven sides. [Fr. hendécagone-Gr. hendeka, eleven, gōnia, an angle.]

HENDECASYLLABLE, hen-dek'a-sil'a-bl, n. a metrical line of eleven syllables.adj. HENDECASYLLAB'IC. [Gr. hendeka, eleven, syllabe, a syllable.]

HERBAL

HENDIADYS, hen-di'a-dis, n. a figure in which one and the same notion is presented in two expressions. [Gr. Hen dia dyoin, one thing by means of two.] HEN-HARRIER, hen'-har'i-er, n. a species of falcon, the common harrier. See HARRIER, a hawk.]

HENNA, hen'a, n. a pigment used in the Orient for dyeing the nails and hair. [Ar. hinna, the shrub from whose leaves it is made.]

HENPECKED, hen'pekt, adj. weakly subject to his wife, as a cock pecked by the hen.

HEP, hep, n. See HIP, the fruit of the dogrose.

HEPATIC, hep-at'ik, HEPATICAL, hepat'ik-al, adj. pertaining to the liver: liver-colored. [L. hepaticus-Gr. hepar, hepatos, the liver. ] HEPATITIS, hep-a-ti'tis, n. inflammation of the liver. [Gr. hepar, hepatos, the liver.] HEPATOSCOPY, hep-a-tos'kop-i, n. divination by inspection of the livers of animals. [Gr. hepatoskopia — hepar, hepatos, liver, skopeo, to inspect.] HEPTADE, hep'tād, n. the sum or number of seven. [Fr.-Gr. heptas, heptadoshepta, seven.]

HEPTAGLOT, hep'ta-glot, adj. in seven languages. n. a book in seven languages. [Gr. heptaglottos-hepta, seven, glōtta, glossa, tongue, language.] HEPTAGON, hep'ta-gon, n. a plane figure with seven angles and seven sides.-adj. HEPTAG'ONAL. [Gr. heptagonos, sevencornered-hepta, and gōnia, an angle.] HEPTAHEDRON, hep-ta-hē'dron,n. a solid figure with seven bases or sides. [Gr. hepta, seven, hedra, a seat, a base.] HEPTARCHY, hep'tär-ki, n. a government by seven persons: the country governed by seven a period in the Saxon history of England (a use of the word now disapproved by historians).-adj. HEPTAR'CHIC. Gr. hepta, seven, arche, sovereignty.] HER, her, pron. objective and possessive case of SHE.-adj. belonging to a female. [M.E. here-A.S. hire, genitive and dative sing. of heo, she.]

HERALD, her'ald, n. in ancient times, an officer who made public proclamations and arranged ceremonies: in medieval times, an officer who had charge of all the etiquette of chivalry, keeping a register of the genealogies and armorial bearings of the nobles: an officer in England whose duty is to read proclamations, to blazon the arms of the nobility, etc.: a proclaimer: a forerunner.-v.t. to introduce, as by a herald: to proclaim. [O. Fr. heralt; of Ger. origin, O. Ger. hari (A.S. here, Ger. heer), an army, and wald-walt, strength, sway. See WIELD, VALID.]

HERALDIC, her-al'dik, adj. of or relating to heralds or heraldry.-adv. HERALDIC

ALLY.

HERALDRY, her'ald-ri, n. the art or office of a herald: the science of recording genealogies and blazoning coats of arms. HERB, herb or erb, n. a plant the stem of which dies every year, as distinguished from a tree or shrub which has a permanent stem.-adj. HERB'LESS. [Fr. herbe-L. herba, akin to Gr. phorbě, pasture-pherbō, to feed, to nourish.] HERBACEOUS, her-ba'shus, adj. pertaining to or of the nature of herbs: (bot.) having a soft stem that dies to the root annually. [L. herbaceus.] HERBAGE, herb'āj or erb'āj, n. green food for cattle: pasture: herbs collectively. HERBAL, herb'al, adj. pertaining to herbs. n. a book containing a classifi

HERBALIST

cation and description of plants: a collection of preserved plants. HERBALIST, herb'al-ist, n. one who makes collections of herbs or plants: one skilled in plants.

HERBARIUM, her-bā'ri-um, n. a classified collection of preserved herbs or plants:pl. HERBA'RIUMS and HERBA'RIA. [Low L.-L. herba.]

HERBESCENT, her-bes'ent, adj., growing into herbs, becoming herbaceous. [L. herbescens, entis, pr.p. of herbesco, to grow into herbs.]

HERBIVOROUS, her-biv'or-us, adj., eating or living on herbaceous plants. [L. herba, voro, to devour.]

HERBORIZATION, herb-or-i-za'shun, n. the seeking for plants: (min.) the figure of plants.

HERBORIZE, herb'o-riz, v.i. to search for plants: to botanize.—v.t. to form plantlike figures in, as in minerals. [Fr. herboriser, for herbariser-L. herba.] HERCULEAN, her-kü'le-an, adj. extremely difficult or dangerous, such as might have been done by Hercules, a Greek hero famous for his strength of extraordinary strength and size. HERD, herd, n. a number of beasts feeding together, and watched or tended: any collection of beasts, as distinguished from a flock: a company of people, in contempt: the rabble.-v.i. to run in herds.-v.t. to tend, as a herdsman. [A.S. heord, herd; cognate words are found in all the Teut. languages.]

HERD, herd, n. one who tends a herd. [A.S. heorde, hirde, from heord or herd, a herd of beasts; Ger. hirt.] HERDSMAN, herdz'man (B., HERD'MAN), n. a man employed to herd or tend cattle.] HERE, hēr, adv. in this place: in the present life or state.-HEREABOUT, adv. about this place.--HEREAFTER, adv. after this,

in some future time or state.-n. a future state.-HERE AND THERE, adv. in this place, and then in that: thinly: irregularly.-HEREBY', adv. by this.-HEREIN', adv. in this.-HEREOF, adv. of this. -HERETOFORE', adv. before this time: formerly.-HEREUNTO', adv. to this point or time.-HEREUPON', adv. on this: in consequence of this.-HEREWITH', adv. with this. [A.S. her; Ger. hier, from the demonstrative stem hi-. See HER, and cf. WHO, WHERE.] HEREDITABLE, he-red'it-a-bl, adj. that may be inherited.

HEREDITAMENT, her-e-dit'a-ment, n. all property of whatever kind that may pass | to an heir.

HEREDITARY, he-red'i-tar-i, adj. descending by inheritance: transmitted from parents to their offspring.-adv. HERED'ITARILY. [L. hereditarius-hereditas, the state of an heir--heres, an heir.] HEREDITY, he-red'i-ti, n. the transmission of qualities from the parents or ancestors to their offspring.

HERESIARCH, her'e-si-ärk or he-re'zi-ärk, n. a leader in heresy, a chief among heretics. [Gr. hairesis, heresy, and archos, a leader-archō, to lead.]

HERESY, her'e-si, n. an opinion adopted in opposition to the usual belief, esp. in theology: heterodoxy. [Fr. hérésie-L. hæresis-Gr. hairesis-haired, to take or choose.]

HERETIC, her'e-tik, n. the upholder of a heresy.-adj. HERETICAL.-adv. HERET'ICALLY. [Gr. hairetikos, able to choose, heretical.

HEREBY, HEREUNTO, HEREWITH, etc.
See under HERE.
HERIOT, her'i-ot, n. a tribute of munitions

of war anciently given to the lord of the manor on the decease of a tenant: a duty

218

paid to the lord of the manor on the decease of a tenant. [A.S. heregeatu, a military preparation - here, an army, geatwe, apparatus.]

HERITABLE, her'it-abl, adj. that may be inherited.-HERITABLE PROPERTY (Scotch law) real property, as opposed to movable property, or chattels.-HERITABLE SECURITY, same as English mortgage. [O. Fr. heritable, hereditable-Low L. hereditabilis-L. hereditas.]

HERITAGE, her'it-aj, n. that which is inherited (B.) the children (of God). [Fr. -Low L. heritagium, hæreditagium-L. hereditas.]

HERITOR, her'it-or, n. (in Scotland) a landholder in a parish. [Low L. heritator, for hæreditator-L. hereditas.] HERMAPHRODISM, her-maf' rod - izm, HERMAPHRODITISM, her-maf'rod-itizm, n. the union of the two sexes in one body.

HERMAPHRODITE, her-maf'rod-īt, n. an animal or a plant in which the two sexes are united: an abnormal individual in whom are united the properties of both sexes.-adj. uniting the distinctions of both sexes. [L.-Gr. Hermaphroditos, the son of Hermes and Aphrodite, who, when bathing, grew together with the nymph Salmacis into one person.] HERMAPHRODITIC, her-maf-rod-it'ik, HERMAPHRODITICAL, her-maf-rod-it' ik-al, adj. pertaining to a hermaphrodite: partaking of both sexes. HERMENEUTIC, her-me-nü'tik, HERMENEUTICAL, her-me-nu'tik-al, adj., interpreting: explanatory.-adv. HERMENEU’TICALLY.-n. sing. HERMENEUTICS, the science of interpretation, esp. of the Scriptures. [Gr. hermeneutikos-hermeneus, an interpreter, from Hermes, Mercury, the god of art and eloquence.] HERMETIC, her-met'ik, HERMETICAL, her-met'ik-al, adj. belonging in any way to the beliefs current in the middle ages under the name of Hermes, the Thrice Great belonging to magic or alchemy, magical: perfectly close.-adv. HERMETICALLY.-HERMETICALLY SEALED, closed completely, said of a glass vessel, the opening of which is closed by melting the glass. [From Hermes Trismegistos, Hermes "the thrice-greatest," the Gr. name for the Egyptian god Thoth, who was god of science, esp. alchemy, and whose magic seal was held by medieval alchemists to make vessels and treasures inaccessible.]

HERMIT, her'mit, n. one who retires from society and lives in solitude or in the desert. [M.E. eremite, through Fr. and L. from Gr. eremites-erēmos, solitary, desert.]

HERMITAGE, her'mit-aj, n. the dwelling of a hermit: a retired abode: a kind of wine, so called from Hermitage, a district of France.

HERN. Same as HERON. HERNIA, her'ni-a, n. a rupture, esp. of the abdomen.-adj. HER'NIAL. [L.] HERO, he'rō, n. (orig.) a warrior, a demigod a man of distinguished bravery: any illustrious person: the principal figure in any history or work of fiction:fem. HEROINE, her'o-in. [Through Fr. and L. from Gr. herōs; akin to L. vir, A.S. wer, a man, Sans. vira, a hero.] HERODIANS, he-ro'di-ans, n.pl. a party among the Jews, taking their name from Herod, as being his especial partisans. HEROIC,he-rō'ik, HEROICAL, he-rō'ik-al, adj. becoming a hero: courageous: illustrious designating the style of verse in which the exploits of heroes are celebrated.-n. a heroic verse.-adv. HERO'ICALLY.]

HETEROTAXY

HEROI-COMIC, her'o-i-kom'ik, HEROICOMICAL, her'o-i-kom'ik-al, adj. consisting of a mixture of heroic and comic; designating the high burlesque. HEROISM, her'o-izm, n. the qualities of a hero: courage: boldness.

HERON, her un, n. a large screaming water-fowl, with long legs and neck.-n. HER'ONRY, a place where herons breed. [Fr.-O. Ger. heigro, cog. with A.S. hragra, Ice. hegri, all imitative of its croak.] HERONSHAW, her'un-shaw, n. a young heron. [Properly, heronsewe (ety. unknown), which was confounded with the old form hernshaw, a heronry, from HERON, and shaw, a wood.] HERO-WORSHIP, he'ro-wur'ship, n. the worship of heroes: excessive admiration of great men.

HERPES, her'pēz, n. a kind of skin disease. [So called from its creeping over the skin, from Gr. herpes, herpo, to creep.] HERPETON, her'pet-on, n. a genus of non-venomous serpents of Southern Asia, allied to Eryx, and characterized by two soft flexible prominences covered with scales which are appended to the muzzle. Written also ERPETON. [Gr., a reptile.]

HERRING, her'ing, n. a common small sea-fish found moving in great shoals or multitudes. [A.S. hæring (Ger. häring) -here (Ger. heer), an army or multitude; or perh. corr. from L. halec, fish-pickle.] HERS, herz, pron. possessive of SHE. HERSE. Same as HEARSE. HERSELF, her-self', pron. the emphatic form of SHE in the nominative or objective case: in her real character: having the command of her faculties: sane. [HER and SELF.]

HESITANCY, hez'i-tan-si, HESITATION, hez-i-ta'shun, n. wavering: doubt: stammering.

HESITATE, hez'i-tāt, v.i. to stop in making a decision: to be in doubt: to stammer.-adv. HESITATINGLY. [L. hæsito, hæsitatum, freq. of hæreo, hæsum, to stick, adhere.]

HESPER, hes'per, HESPERUS, hes' per-us, n. the evening-star or Venus. [L. and Gr. hesperos, evening, also L. vesper.] HESPERIAN, hes-pe'ri-an, adj. of Hesperus or the west.

HETEROCERCAL, het-er-o-ser'kal, adj. having the upper fork of the tail different from or longer than the lower, as the shark opposed to HOMOCERCAL. [Gr. heteros, different from, and kerkos, `the tail.]

HETEROCLITE, het'er-o-klit, HETEROCLITIC, het-er-o-klit'ik, HETEROCLITICAL, het-er-o-klit'ik-al, adj., irregularly inflected irregular. [Gr. heteroklitosheteros, other, and klitos, inflectedklinō, to inflect.] HETEROCLITE, het'er-o-klīt, n. (gram.) a word irregularly inflected: anything irregular.

HETERODOX, her'er-o-doks, adj. holding an opinion other or different from the established one, esp. in theology: hereti. cal. [Gr. heterodoxos-heteros, other, doxa, an opinion-dokeō, to think.] HETERODOXY, het'er-o-doks-i, n. heresy. HETEROGENEOUS, het - er-o-jēn'e- us, HETEROGENEAL, het-er-o-jēn'e-al, adj. of another race or kind: dissimilar: opposed to HOMOGENEOUS.-adv. HETEROGEN'EOUSLY, ns. HETEROGENEITY HETEROGEN'EOUSNESS. [Gr. heterogenča -heteros, other, genos, a kind.] HETEROTAXY, bet-er-o-taks'i, n. ment different from that normal form or type: confo

HETMAN

mal, or heterogeneous arrangement or structure. [Gr. heteros, different, and taxis, arrangement.]

HETMAN, het'man, n. the chief or general of the Cossacks. [Russ.]

HEW, hū, v.t. to cut with any sharp instrument: to cut in pieces: to shape :pa.p. hewed' or hewn. [A.S. heawan; Ger. hauen.]

HEWER, hu'er, n. one who hews. HEXAGON, heks'a-gon, n. a plane figure with six angles and sides.-adj. HEXAGONAL.-adv. HEXAG'ONALLY. [Gr. hexagōnon-hex, six, gōnia, an angle.] HEXAHEDRON, heks-a-he'dron, n. a cube, a regular solid with six sides or faces, each of these being a square.-adj. HEXAHE‍DRAL. [Gr. hex, six, hed-ra, a base.] HEXAMETER, heks-am'et-er, n. a verse of six measures or feet.-adj. having six metrical feet. [L.-Gr. hex, six, metron, a measure.]

HEXAPLA, heks'a-pla, n. an edition of the Scriptures in six different versions, esp. that prepared by Origen of Alexandria. -adj. HEX'APLAR. [Gr. hexaplous, sixfold.

HEXAPOD, heks'a-pod, n. an animal with

six feet. [Gr. hexapous, -podos-hex, six, pous, a foot.]

HEXASTICH, heks'a - stik, n. a poem of six lines or verses. [Gr. hexastichoshex, six, stichos, a line.] HEXASTYLE, heks'a-stil, n. a building

with six pillars. [Gr. hekastylos-hex, six, stylos, a pillar.]

HEXATEUCH, heks'a-tük, n. the first six books of the Old Testament. [Gr. hex, six, and teuchos, a book.]

HEY, hã, int. expressive of joy or interrogation. [From the sound, like Ger. hei.] HEYDAY, ha'da, int. expressive of frolic, exultation, or wonder. [Ger. heida, or Dut. hei daar, (Ger.) da, (Dut.) daar THERE.]

HEYDAY, ha'da, n. the wild gaiety of youth. [For highday; M.E. hey-day.] HEY-GO-MAD, ha'-go-mad, a colloquial expression implying an intense or extreme degree, boundlessness, absence of restraint, or the like. Away they go cluttering like hey-go-mad."-Sterne. HEY-PASS, ha'-pas, n. an interjectional expression used by jugglers during the performance of their feats, and equivalent to change or disappear suddenly! "You wanted but hey-pass to have made your transition like a mystical man of Sturbridge. But for all your sleight of hand, our just exceptions against liturgy are not vanished."-Milton. HIATUS, hi-a'tus, n. a gap: an opening:

a defect: (gram.) a concurrence of vowel sounds in two successive syllables. [L., from hio, to gape; Gr. chaino, to gape; from root cha, the sound produced by gaping.]

HIBERNAL, hi-ber'nal, adj. belonging to winter wintry. [Fr.-L. hibernalishiems, Gr. cheima, winter, Sans. hima, | snow.]

HIBERNATE, hi'ber-nāt, v.i. to winter : to pass the winter in sleep or torpor.-n. HIBERNA'TION, the state of torpor in which many animals pass the winter. [L. hiberno, hibernatum—hiberna, winter-quarters.]

HIBERNIAN, hi-ber'ni-an, adj. relating to Hibernia or Ireland.- -n. an Irishman. [From L. Hibernia, Gr. Iouernia, Ireland.] HIBERNIANISM,

HI

hi-ber'ni-an-izm, BERNICISM, hi-ber'ni-sizm, n. an Irish idiom or peculiarity. HICCOUGH, HICCUP, HICKUP, hik'up, n. a sudden and involuntary kind of cough. v.i. to have a cough of this

219

kind-pr.p. hiccoughing (hik'up-ing); | pa.p. hiccoughed (hik'upt). [Imitative; there are similar words in many languages, as Dut. hik, Dan. hikke, Bret. hik.]

HICKORY, hik'or-i, n. the name of several American nut-bearing trees. [Ety. unknown.]

HID, HIDDEN. See HIDE.

HIDALGO, hi-dal'gō, n. a Spanish nobleman of the lowest class. [Sp. hijo de algo, the son of something, i.e., of a good house, and without mixture of Moorish or Jewish blood.] HIDDEN, hid'n, adj. concealed: unknown. HIDE, hid, v.t. to conceal: to keep in safety.-v.i. to lie concealed :-pa.t. hid; pa.p. hidd'en, hid. [A.S. hydan, to hide; allied to Gr. keutho, and perh. to L. custos (= cud-tos), a protector.] HIDE, hid, n. the skin of an animal.-v.t. to flog or whip. [A.S. hyd; Ger. haut, allied to L. cutis, Gr. skutos.] HIDE, hid, n. an old measure of land varying from 60 to 120 acres. [A.S. hid, contracted for higid-hiwise, both words meaning as much land as could support a family, and so conn. with A.S. hiwan, domestics. See HIVE.]

HIDEBOUND, hid bownd, adj. having the hide closely bound to the body, as in animals: in trees, having the bark so close that it impedes the growth. HIDEOUS, hid'e-us, adj. frightful: horrible: ghastly, adv. HID'EOUSLY. HID'EOUSNESS. [Fr. hideux-O. Fr. hide, hisde, dread; perh. from L. hispidus, rough, rude.]

·n.

HIDING, hid'ing, n. a place of conceal

ment.

HIDING, hid'ing, n. a flogging, thrashing, or beating. "I wasn't going to shed the beggar's blood; I was only going to give him a hiding for his impudence."-C. Reade.

HIE, hi, v.i. to hasten-pr.p. hie'ing; pa.p. hied'. [A.S. higian, to hasten.] HIERARCH, hi'er-ärk, n. a ruler in sacred matters.-adj. HIERARCHAL. [Gr. hierarches-hieros, sacred, archō, to rule.] HIERARCHY, hi'er-ärk-i, n., rule in sacred matters: persons that so rule: the body of the clergy: a government by priests. -adj. HIERARCH'ICAL.

hieratikos

HIERATIC, hi-er-at'ik, adj., sacred: relating to priests. [L. hieraticus - Gr. HIEROGLYPH, hi'er-o-glif, HIEROGLYPHIC, hi-er-o-glif'ik, n. the sacred characters of the ancient Egyptian language: picture-writing, or writing in which figures of objects are employed instead of conventional signs, like the alphabet any symbolical figure.-adjs. HIEROGLYPH'IC, HIEROGLYPH'ICAL.-adv. HIEROGLYPH'ICALLY. [Gr. hieroglyphikon-hieros, sacred, glypho, to carve.] HIEROGLYPHIST, hi-er-o-glif'ist, n. one skilled in reading hieroglyphics. HIEROGRAPHIC, hi-er-o-graf'ik, HIEROGRAPHICAL, hi-er-o-graf'ik-al, adj. pertaining to sacred writing. [Gr. hierographikos-hieros, sacred, and graphikos, from graphō, to write.] HIEROLOGY, hi-er-ol'o-ji, n. the science which treats of sacred matters, especially sacred writing and inscriptions. [Gr. hierologia-hieros, sacred, and logos, a discourse or treatise.]

HIEROPHANT, hi'er-o-fant, n. one who shows or reveals sacred things: a priest. [Gr. hierophantēs-hieros, sacred, phainō, to show.]

HIGGLE, higʻl, v.i. to hawk about provisions for sale: to make difficulty in bargaining: to chaffer.-n. HIGG'LER. [A form of HAGGLE, and HAWK, to sell.]

HIGH-SOUNDING

:

HIGH, hi, adj. elevated: lofty: tall: eminent in anything: exalted in rank: dignified chief: noble: ostentatious: arrogant: proud: strong powerful: angry loud: violent: tempestuous: excellent: far advanced difficult: dear: remote in time.-HIGH WINE, the strong spirit obtained by the redistillation of the low wines, or a strong alcoholic product obtained by rectification.-adv. aloft: eminently powerfully: profoundly.-adv. HIGH'LY. [A.S. heah; Goth. hauhs, Ice. har, Ger. hoch.]

HIGH-ADMIRAL, hi'-ad'mi-ral, n. a high or chief admiral of a fleet. HIGH-ALTAR, hi'-awl'tar, n. the principal altar in a church. HIGH-BAILIFF, hi'-bal'if, n. an English officer who serves writs, etc., in certain franchises, exempt from the ordinary supervision of the sheriff. HIGH-BORN, hi'-bawrn, adj. of high or noble birth.

HIGH-BRED, hi'-bred, adj. of high or noble breed, training, or family. HIGH-CHURCH, hi'-church, n. a party within the Church of England, who exalt the authority and jurisdiction of the church, and attach great importance to ecclesiastical dignities, ordinances, and ceremonies. - ns. HIGH'-CHURCH'MAN, HIGH'-CHURCH'ISM.

HIGH-COLORED, hi'-kulʼurd, adj. having a strong or glaring color. HIGH-DAY, hī'-dā, n. a holiday: (B.) HIGH-FED, hi'-fed, adj., fed highly or luxbroad daylight.

uriously: pampered.-n. HIGH'-FEED'ING. HIGHFLIER, hi'fli-er, n. one who flies high, or runs into extravagance of opinion or action.-adj. HIGH'-FLY'ING.

HIGH-FLOWN, hi'-flōn, adj. extravagant : elevated: turgid.

HIGH-HANDED, hi'-hand'ed, adj. overbearing: violent.

HIGH-HEARTED, hi'-härt'ed, adj with the heart high or full of courage. HIGHLAND, hĩ'land, n. a mountainous district.

HIGHLANDER, hi'land-er, n. an inhabitant of a mountainous region; specifically, in Scotland.

HIGH-MASS, hi'-mas, n. in the R. Cath. Ch. the mass which is read before the highaltar on Sundays, feast-days, and great occasions.

HIGH-MINDED, hi'-mind'ed, adj. having a high, proud, or arrogant mind: having honorable pride: magnanimous. -n.

HIGH'-MIND'EDNESS.

HIGHNESS, hi'nes, n. the state of being high dignity of rank: a title of honor given to princes.

HIGH-PLÁCE, hī′-plās, n. (B.) an eminence on which unlawful worship was performed by the Jews. HIGH-PRESSURE, hi'-presh'ur, adj. applied to a steam-engine in which the steam is raised to a high temperature, so that the pressure may exceed that of the atmosphere.

HIGH-PRIEST, hi'-prēst, n. a chief-priest, under the Mosaic dispensation. HIGH-PRINCIPLED, hi'-prin si-pld, adj. of high, noble, or strict principle. HIGH-PROOF, hi'-proof, adj., proved to contain much alcohol: highly rectified. HIGH-ROAD, hi'-rōd, n. one of the public or chief roads.

HIGH-SEASONED, hí'-sẽ'znd, adj. made rich or piquant with spices or other seasoning.

HIGH-SOULED, hi'-sōld, adj. having a high or lofty soul or spirit. HIGH-SOUNDING, hi-sownd'ing, adj. pompous: ostentatious.

HIGH-SPIRITED

HIGH-SPIRITED, hi'-spir'it-ed, adj. having a high spirit or natural fire: bold: daring irascible.

HIGHT, hīt, a pass. verb, used in the third pers. sing., he was or is called or named. [A.S.hatan, to be called-hatan, to call; Ger. heissen.]

HIGH-TASTED, hi'-tast'ed, adj. having a strong piquant taste or relish. HIGH-TREASON, hi'-trē'zn, n. treason against the sovereign or state, being the highest civil offence.

HIGH-WATER, hi'-waw'ter, n. the time at which the tide is highest: the greatest elevation of the tide. HIGHWAY, hĩ'wā, n. a high or public way or road.

HIGHWAYMAN, hî'wā-man, n. a robber who attacks people on the public way. HIGH-WROUGHT, hi-rawt, adj. wrought with exquisite skill: highly finished. HILARIOUS, hi-la'ri-us, adj. gay very merry. [L. hilaris-Gr. hilaros-hilaos, kindly, gay, cheerful.]

HILARITY, hi-lar'i-ti, n. gaiety: pleasurable excitement.

HILARY, hil'ar-i, adj. the name applied to one of the four terms of the lawcourts of England, from 11th to 31st January, so called from St. Hilary, whose festival is Jan. 13. HILL, hil, n. a high mass of land, less than a mountain. [A.S. hyll; allied to L. collis, a hill, and root cel in celsus, high, Gr. kolonos, a hill.] HILLOCK, hil'uk, n. a small hill. HILLY, hil'i, adj. full of hills.-n. HILL'

INESS.

HILT, hilt, n. the handle, esp. of a sword.

[A.S. hilt; Dut. hilte, O. Ger. helza; not conn. with HOLD.]

HILTED, hilt'ed, adj. having a hilt. HIM, him, pron. the objective case of HE. [A.S. he, dative him, acc. hine.] HIMSELF, him-self', pron. the emphatic and reflective form of HE and HIM; it also expresses the proper character or state of mind of a person. HIN, hin, n. a Hebrew liquid measure, containing about 6 quarts. [Heb.] HIND, hind, n. the female of the stag. [A.S. hind; Ger. hinde, hindin, O. Ger. hinda, hinta.]

HIND, hind, n. a farm-servant, a plough

man, a peasant. [Lit. a domestic, from

A.S. hina, hiwan, domestics-hiw, a house. See HIVE.]

HIND, hind, adj. placed in the rear: pertaining to the part behind: backward: opposed to FORE. [A.S. hindan, from the base hi, seen also in HE, HENCE, and HITHER.]

HINDER, hind'er, adj. comparative of HIND, but used in the same significations.

HINDER, hin'der, v.t. to put or keep behind: to stop, or prevent progress: to embarrass.-v.i. to raise obstacles. [A.S. hindrian; Ger. hindern; from HIND, adj.]

HINDERANCE, hin'der-ans, HINDRANCE, hin'drans, n. act of hindering: that which | hinders: obstacle.

HINDERMOST, hind'er-mōst, HINDMOST,

hind most, adj. superlative of HIND; furthest behind. [For most, see AFTERMOST and FOREMOST.] HINDI, hin'de, n. one of the languages of Aryan stock now spoken in North India. [Pers. Hind, "India."] HINDLEG, hind'leg, n. one of the back or posterior legs of anything; as, the hindleg of a horse, of a chair, or the like. HINDOOSTANEE. See HINDUSTANI. HINDRANCE. See HINDERANCE. HINDU, HINDOO, hin'dōō, n. a native of Hindustan now more properly applied

220

to native Indian believers in Brahmanism, as opp. to Mohammedans, etc. [Lit. a dweller on the banks of the river Sindhu, Sans. for Indus.] HINDUISM, HINDOOISM, hin'dōō-izm, n. the religion and customs of the Hindus. HINDUSTANI, hin-dōō-stan'ē, n. a dialect of Hindi, also called URDU ("language of the camp," Turk. urdú or ordú, "camp"), being likewise the chief official and commercial language of India. HINGE, hinj, n. the hook or joint on which a door or lid hangs: that on which anything depends or turns.-v.t. to furnish with hinges to bend.-v.i. to hang or turn as on a hinge:-pr.p. hing'ing; pa.p. hinged'. [M. E. henge, from M. E. hengen, to hang, which, according to Skeat, is of Scand. origin, as in Ice. henja, to hang, but cog. with A.S. hangian.] HINNY, hin'i, n. the produce of a stallion and a she-ass. [L. hinnus-Gr. hinnos, ginnos, a mule.]

HINT, hint, n. a distant allusion: slight mention insinuation.-v.t. to bring to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion to allude to.-v.i. to make an indirect or remote allusion: to allude. [Lit. a thing taken, from A.S. hentan, to seize, and so allied to hunt and hand.] HIP, hip, n. the haunch or fleshy part of the thigh.-v.t. to sprain the hip:-pr.p. hipp'ing; pa.p. hipped'. [A.S. hype; Goth. hups, Ger. hüfte.]

HIP, hip, HEP, hep, n. the fruit of the wild brier or dogrose. [M.E. hepe; from A.S. heope.]

HIPPIATRIC, hip-pi-at'rik, adj. pertaining or relating to farriery or veterinary surgery: veterinary.

HIPPIATRY, hip'pi-at-ri, n. the art of curing diseases of the horse: veterinary surgery. [Gr. hippos, a horse, and iatros, a physician.]

HIPPISH,hip'ish, adj. somewhat hypochondriac. [A familiar corr. of HYPOCHONDRIAC.]

HIPPOCAMPUS, hip'o-kam-pus, n. a genus of fishes with head and neck somewhat like those of a horse, and a long, tapering tail which they can twist round anything. [Gr. hippokampos-hippos, a horse, kampe, a turning.1

HIPPOCENTAUR, hip-o-sent'awr, n. same as CENTAUR. [Gr. hippos, a horse, and CENTAUR.]

HIPPODROME, hip'o-drom, n.

a race

course for horses and chariots: an equestrian circus. [Gr. hippodromos-hippos, a horse, dromos, a course.] HIPPOGRIFF, hip'o-grif, n. a fabulous winged animal, half horse and half griffin. [Fr. hippogriffe-Gr. hippos, a horse, and gryps, a griffin.]

HIPPOPATHOLOGY, hip-o-pa-thol'o-ji, n. the pathology of the horse: the science of veterinary medicine. [Gr. hippos, a horse, and PATHOLOGY.] HIPPOPHAGOUS, hip-pof' a-gus, adj., horse-eating. [Gr. hippos, a horse, and phago, to eat.]

HIPPOPHAGY, hip-pof'a-ji, n. the act or practice of feeding on horse-flesh.-n. HIPPOPH AGIST.

HIPPOPOTAMUS, hip-o-pot'a-mus, n. the river-horse-an African quadruped, one of the largest existing, of aquatic habits, having a very thick skin, short legs, and a large head and muzzle. [L.-Gr. hippopotamos-hippos, and potamos, a river.] HIPPURIC, hip-u'rik, adj. denoting an acid obtained from the urine of horses. [Fr. hippurique-Gr. hippos, a horse, and ouron, urine.] HIRCINE, her'sïn, adj. pertaining to or resembling a goat having a strong, rank smell like a goat: goatish. Goat

HISTRIONICISM

like in aspect, and very hircine in many of its habits, the chamois is often supposed to belong to the goats rather than to the antelopes."-J. G. Wood. "The landlady... pulled a hircine man or two hither, and pushed a hircine man or two thither, with the impassive countenance of a housewife moving her furniture."C. Reade. [L. hircus, a goat.] HIRE, hir, n., wages for service: the price paid for the use of anything.-v.t. to procure the use or services of, at a price: to engage for wages: to let for compensation to bribe.-n. HIR'ER. [A.S. hyr, wages, hyrian, to hire; Ger. heuer, Dut. huur, Dan. hyre.]

HIRELING, hir'ling, n. a hired servant: a mercenary: a prostitute. [A.S. hyrling.] HIRES, hirz (B.), n. plural of HIRE, not now used.

HIRSUTE, hir-sut', adj., hairy: rough: shaggy (bot.) having long, stiffish hairs. [L. hirsutus-hirsus, hirtus, rough, hairy, shaggy.]

66

HIRUNDINE, hi-run'dīn, adj. pertaining Activity to or resembling a swallow. almost super-hirundine."-Carlyle. HIS, hiz, pron. possessive form of HE: (B.) used for its. [A.S. his, possessive of HISPID, his'pid, adj. (bot.) rough with or he, and orig. of it.] having strong hairs or bristles. [L. hispidus.]

HISS, his, v.i. to make a sound like the letter s, as the goose, serpent, etc.: to express contempt, etc., by hissing.-v.t. to condemn by hissing. [A.S. hysian; formed from the sound.]

HISS, his, n. the sound of the letter s, an expression of disapprobation, contempt,

etc.

HISSING, his'ing, n. the noise of a hiss: object of hissing: object or occasion of contempt.

HIST, hist, int. demanding silence and attention: hush! silence! [Formed from the sound.]

HISTOLOGY, his-tol'o-ji, n. the science which treats of the minute structure of animal and vegetable tissue. [Gr. histos, beam of a loom, web, texture-histēmi, to make to stand (the beam in the Gr. loom was upright), and logos, a discourse.]

HISTORIAN, his-tō'ri-an, n. a writer of history.

HISTORIC, his-tor'ik, HISTORICAL, histor'ik-al, adj. pertaining to history: containing history: derived from history.adv. HISTORICALLY.

HISTORIETTE, his-tor-i-et', n. a short history or story. [Fr.] HISTORIOGRAPHER,

his-to-ri-og'ra-fer, n. a writer of history: a professed or official historian. HISTORIOGRAPHY, his-to-ri-ogʻra-fi, n. the art or employment of writing history. [Gr. historiographia-historia, and grapho, to write.]

HISTORY, his'to-ri, n. an account of an event: a systematic account of the origin and progress of a nation: the knowledge of facts, events, etc. [L. and Gr. historia -Gr. historeō, to learn by inquiry-his tör, knowing, learned, from the root id-, in eidenai, to know, which is found also in L. videre, Sans. vid, E. wit.] HISTRIONIC, his-tri-on'ik, HISTRIONIC AL, his-tri-on'ik-al, adj. relating to the stage or stage-players: befitting a theatre.-adv. HISTRION'ICALLY. [Ľ. histrionicus-histrio, Etruscan, primary form hister, a player.] HISTRIONICISM, his-tri-on'i-sizm, n. theatrical, stilted, or artificial manners or deportment: histrionism. W. Black.