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HIT, hit, v.t. to light on that which is aimed at to touch or strike: to reach: to suit. -v.i. to come in contact: to chance luckily: to succeed:-pr.p. hitt'ing; pa.t. and pa.p. hit.-n. HITTER. [Ice. hitta, to light on, to find; perh. allied to L. cado, to fall.] HIT, hit, n. a lighting upon: a lucky chance: a stroke: a happy turn of thought or expression.

HITCH, hich, v.i. to move by jerks, as if caught by a hook: to be caught by a hook: to be caught or fall into.v.t. to hook: to catch.-n. a jerk: a catch or anything that holds: an obstacle: a sudden halt: (naut.) a knot or noose. [Ety. dub.] HITHER, hith'er, adv., to this place.

adj. toward the speaker: nearer. [A.S. hither, hider, from the Teut. base hi and affix -ter, as in AF-TER, WHE-THER; Goth. hidre, Ice. hedhra. See HE.] HITHERMOST, hith'er-most, adj. nearest

on this side.

HITHERTO, hith'er-tōō, adv., to this place or time as yet.

HITHERWARD, hith'er-ward, adv., towards this place.

HIVE, hiv, n. a swarm of bees in a box or basket: the habitation of bees: any busy company.-v.t. to collect into a hive: to lay up in store.-v.i. to take shelter together to reside in a body.-n. HIV'ER. [Lit. a house or family, from A.S. hiw, a house, hiwan, domestics; conn. with Goth. heiv, Ice. hiu, family.]

HO, HOA, hō, int. a call to excite attention hold! stop! [Formed from the sound.]

HOAR, hōr, adj., white or grayish-white,

esp. with age or frost.-n.hoariness. [A.S. har, hoary, gray; Ice. harr.] HOARD, hōrd, n. a store: a hidden stock: a treasure.-v.t. to store: to amass and deposit in secret.-v.i. to store up: to collect and form a hoard.-n. HOARD'ER. (A.S. hord; Ice. hodd, Ger. hort; from the same root as house.] HOARD, hōrd, HOARDING, hōrd'ing, n. a hurdle or fence inclosing a house and materials while builders are at work. [O. Fr. horde; Dut. horde, a hurdle; same root as HURDLE.]

HOAR-FROST, hōr-frost, n., white frost: the white particles formed by the freezing of dew.

HOARHOUND, HOREHOUND, hōr'hownd, n. a plant of a whitish or downy appearance, used as a tonic. [M. E. horehune-A.S. harhune, from har, hoar or white, and hune (acc. to Skeat, meaning "strong-scented"); cf. L. cunila, Gr. konile, wild marjoram.]

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HOARSE, hōrs, adj. having a harsh, grat-
ing voice, as from a cold: harsh: dis-
cordant.-adv. HOARSE'LY.-N. HOARSE'-
NESS. [A.S. has; Ice. hass, Dut. heesch,
Ger. heiser, hoarse.]
HOARSEN, hōrs'n, v.t. or v.i. to make or
to grow hoarse. 'I shall be obliged to
hoarsen my voice and roughen my char-
acter."-Richardson. "The last words
had a perceptible irony in their hoars-
ened tone."-George Eliot.
HOARY, hōr'i, adj., white or gray with
age: (bot.) covered with short, dense,
whitish hairs. n. HOAR'INESS. [See
HOAR.]
HOAX, hōks, n. a deceptive trick: a prac-
tical joke.-v.t. to deceive: to play a
trick upon for sport, or without malice.
-n. HOAX'ER. [Corr. of hocus. See
HOCUS-POCUS.]

-

HOB, hob, n. the projecting nave of a wheel: the flat part of a grate, orig. the raised stones between which the embers

221

were confined. [Ger. hub, a heaving; |
HOB, hob, n. a clownish fellow : a rustic:
W. hob, a projection. See HUMP.]

a fairy. [A corr. of Robin, which again
is a Fr. corr. of Robert.]
HOBBLE, hob'l, v.i. to walk with a limp:
to walk awkwardly: to move irregularly.
-v.t. to fasten loosely the legs of.-n. an
awkward, limping gait : a difficulty.-n.
HOBB'LER.-adv. HOBB'LINGLY. [Freq. of
HOP.]

HOBBLEDEHOY, hobl-de-hoi', n. a strip-
ling neither man nor boy. [Ety. un-
known.]

HOBBY, hob'i, HOBBY-HORSE, hob'i-
hors, n. a strong, active horse: a pacing
horse: a stick or figure of a horse on
which boys ride: a subject on which one
is constantly setting off: a favorite pur-
suit. [O. Fr. hobin, Dan. hoppe, a mare;
cog, with HOP.]

HOBBY, hob'i, n. a small species of falcon.
[O. Fr. hobereau.]

HOBGOBLIN, hob-goblin, n. a fairy: a
frightful apparition. [HOB, ROBIN, and
GOBLIN.]

HOBNAIL, hob'nal, n. a nail with a thick,
strong head, used in the shoes of horses,
and sometimes of men: a clownish fel-
low, so called from the hobnails in his
shoes.-adj. HOB'NAILED. [From HOB, a
projecting head.]

HOBNOB, hob'nob, adv., have or not have,
a familiar invitation to drink. [A.S.
habban, to have, and nabban, not to
have.]

HOCK, hok, n. and v. see HOUGH.
HOCK, hok, n. properly, the wine pro-

duced at Hochheim, in Germany: now
applied to all white Rhine wines.
HOCKEY, hok'i, HOOKEY, hook'i, n. a
game at ball played with a club or
hooked stick.

HOCKLE, hok'l, v.t. to hamstring. [See
HOUGH.]

HOCUS-POCUS, hō'kus-po'kus, n. a jug-
gler: a juggler's trick.-v.t. (also To Ho-
CUS) to cheat :-pr.p. ho'cussing; pa.p.
ho'cussed. [The meaningless gibberish of
a juggler; there is no ground for the
ordinary etymologies.]

HOD, hod, n. a kind of trough borne on

the shoulder, for carrying bricks and
mortar. [Fr. hotte, a basket carried on
the back; of Teut. origin, and prob. cog.
with E. HUT.]

HODDENGRAY, hodn'gra, n. coarse cloth
made of undyed wool. [Said to be from
HOIDEN and GRAY.]

HODGEPODGE, hoj'poj, n. see HOTCH

POTCH.

HODMAN, hoď'man, n. a man who carries
a hod: a mason's laborer.
HODOMETER, ho-dom'e-ter, n. an instru-
ment attached to the axle of a vehicle to
register the revolutions of the wheels.
[Gr. hodos, a way, and metron, a meas-

ure.

HOE, hō, n. an instrument for hewing or
digging up weeds, and loosening the
earth.-v.t. to cut or clean with a hoe:
to weed.-v.i. to use a hoe :-pr.p. hoe'-
ing; pa.p. hoed'.- -n. Ho'ER. [Fr. houe
-O. Ger. houwa (Ger. haue), a hoe, from
O. Ger. houwan, to strike, E. HEW.]
HOG, hog, n. a general name for swine: a
castrated boar: a pig.-v.t. to cut short
the hair of: --pr.p. hogg'ing; pa.p.
hogged'. [W. hwch; Bret. hoc'h, houch,
swine-houc'ha, to grunt.]

HOGGEREL, hog'er-el (in Scot. HOGG), n.
a young sheep of the second year. [Dut.
hokkeling, a beast of one year old, from
being fed in the hok or pen.]
HOGGET, hog'et, n. a boar of the second
year: a sheep or colt after it has passed
its first year.

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In hoggism sunk

I got with punch, alas! confounded drunk. -Wolcot HOGHOOD, hog'hood, n. the nature or condition of a hog. "Temporary conversion into beasthood and hoghood."Carlyle.

HOGMANAY, hog-ma-na', n. (in Scot.) the
old name for the last day of the year.
[Ety. unknown.]
HOG-RINGER. hog'-ring'er, n. one who
puts rings into the snouts of hogs.
HOGSHEAD, hogz'hed, n. a measure of
capacity-52 imperial gallons, or 63 old
wine gallons; OF CLARET 46 gallons; OF
BEER-54 gallons; OF TOBACCO (in United
States) varies from 750 to 1200 lbs.: a
large cask. [Corr. of O. Dut. okshoofd,
ox-head; the cask perh. was so called
from an ox's head having been branded
upon it.]
HOG'S-LARD, hogz'-lärd, n. the melted fat
of the hog.
HOIDEN, hoi'dn, n. a romping, ill-bred
girl: & flirt.-adj. rude, rustic, bold.-
v.i. to romp indelicately. [M.E. hoydon
-0. Dut. heyden, a clownish person, a
form of HEATHEN.]

HOIST, hoist, v.t. to lift: to raise with
tackle to heave.-n. act of lifting: the
height of a sail: an apparatus for lift-
ing heavy bodies to the upper stories of
a building. [Formerly hose or hoyse,
from O. Dut. hyssen, Dut hijschen, to
hoist.]

HOITY-TOITY hoi'ti-toi'ti, int. an excla mation of surprise or disapprobation.adj. giddy, flighty, gay, noisy. [Like hut and tut, interjections, expressive of disapprobation.]

HOLD, hold, v.t. to keep possession of or authority over: to sustain: to defend : to occupy: to derive title to: to bind : to confine: to restrain: to continue: to persist in to contain: to celebrate: to esteem.-v.i. to remain fixed: to be true or unfailing to continue unbroken or unsubdued to adhere: to derive right: -pr.p. hōld'ing; pa.t. held; pa.p. held (obs. hold'en).-TO HOLD OVER, to keep possession of land or a house beyond the term of agreement.-HOLD OF (Pr. Bk.), to regard.-n. HOLD'ER. [A.S. healdan; O. Ger. haltan, Goth. haldan, Dan. holde, to keep.]

HOLD, hold, n., act or manner of holding: seizure power of seizing: something for support: a place of confinement: custody: a fortified place: (mus.) a mark over a rest or note, indicating that it is to be prolonged.

See

HOLD, hōld, n. the interior cavity of a
ship between the floor and the lower
deck, used for the cargo. [Dut. hol, a
cavity or hole, with excrescent d.
HOLE.]
HOLDEN, hōld'n (B.), old pa.p. of HOLD.
HOLDFAST, hōld'fast, n. that which holds
fast: a long nail: a catch.
HOLDING. hōld'ing, n. anything held: a
farm held of a superior: hold: influence
(Scots law) tenure.
HOLE, hōl, n. a hollow place: a cavity: an
opening in a solid body: a pit: a subter-
fuge: a means of escape.-v.t. to form
holes in to drive into a hole.-v.i. to go
into a hole. [A.S. hol, a hole, cavern:
Dut. hol, Dan. hul, Ger. hohl, hollow
conn. with Gr. koilos, hollow.]
HOLETHNIC, hol-eth'nik, adj. pertaining
or relating to a holethnos, or parent race.
"The holethnic history of the Aryans."-
Academy.

HOLETHNOS

HOLETHNOS, hol-eth'nos, n. a primitive or parent stock or race of people not yet divided into separate tribes or branches. "It seems hard to avoid the conclusion that the various Aryan nations of historical times are, linguistically speaking, descended from a single primitive tribe, conveniently termed the Aryan holethnos, in contradistinction to its later representatives as marked off by such lines of distinction as are found between Hindoos and Greeks, and between the latter and Teutons or Celts."-Academy. [Gr. holos, entire, whole, and ethnos, nation.]

HOLIBUT. See HALIBUT.

HOLIDAY, hol'i-dā, n. (orig.) holy-day (which see): a day of amusement. HOLILY. See HOLY.

HOLINESS, hoʻli-nes, n. state of being holy: religious goodness: sanctity: a title of the pope.

HOLLA, hol'a, HOLLO, HOLLOA, hol'o
or hol-lo', int., ho, there: attend: (naut.)
the usual response to AHOY.—n. a loud
shout.-v.i. to cry loudly to one at a dis-
tance. [Ger. holla is from Fr. holà—ho,
and là-L. illac, there; the other forms
are due to confusion with HALLOO.]
HOLLAND, holʼand, n. a kind of linen first
made in Holland.

HOLLANDS, hol'andz, n. gin made in
Holland.

HOLLOW, hol'ō, adj. vacant: not solid:
containing an empty space: sunken:
unsound: insincere.-n. a hole: a cav-
ity any depression in a body: any
vacuity a groove: a channel.-v.t. to
make a hole in: to make hollow by dig-
ging to excavate. [A.S. holh, a hollow
place-A.S. hol, E. HOLE.]

HOLLOW-EYED, hol'o-id, adj. having sunken eyes.

HOLLOW-HEARTED, hol'ō-hart'ed, adj. having a hollow or untrue heart: faithless: treacherous.

HOLLOWNESS, hol'o-nes, n. the state of being hollow: cavity: insincerity: treachery.

HOLLOW-WARE, hol'o-war, n. trade
name for hollow articles of iron, as pots
and kettles.

HOLLY, hol'i, n. an evergreen shrub hav-
ing prickly leaves and scarlet or yellow
berries. [M.E. holin-A.S. holegn, the
holly; cog. with W. celyn, Ir. cuileann.]
HOLLYHOCK, hol'i-hok, n. a kind of mal-
low, brought into Europe from the Holy
Land. [M. E. holihoc-holi, holy, and |
A.S. hoc, mallows; W. hocys.]
HOLM, hōlm or hōm, n. a river islet: rich
flat land near a river. [A.S. holm, a
mound; in various Teut. tongues.]
HOLM-OAK, hōlm'- or hōm'-ōk, n. the ilex
or evergreen oak, so called from some re-
semblance to the holly. [Holm- is a corr.
of holin, the M. E. form of holly, which
see.]

HOLOBLAST, hol'o-blast, n. in zool. an
ovum consisting entirely of germinal
matter: as contradistinguished from a
meroblast (which see). [Gr. holos, whole,
entire, and blastos, a bud or germ.]
HOLOCAUST, hol'o-kawst, n. a burnt sac-
rifice, in which the whole of the victim
was consumed. [L.-Gr. holokauston-
holos, whole, and kaustos, burnt.]
HOLOGRAPH, hol'o-graf, n. a document
wholly written by the person from whom
it proceeds.-adj. HOLOGRAPH'IC. [Gr.—
holos, whole, and graphỏ, to write.]
HOLOMETER, hol-om'et-er, n. an instru-
ment for taking all kinds of measures.
[Fr. holomètre-Gr. holos, whole, and
metron. measure.]

HOLOSTERIC, hol-o-ster'ik, adj. wholly solid specifically applied to barometers

222

constructed wholly of solid materials,
and so as to show the variations of at-
mospheric pressure without the inter-
vention of liquids. The aneroid barometer
is an example. [Gr. holos, whole, and
stereos, solid.

HOLPEN, hõlp'n, old pa.p. of HELP.
HOLSTER, hōl'ster, n. the leathern case
carried by a horseman at the forepart of
the saddle for covering a pistol.-adj.
HOL'STERED. [Acc. to Skeat, from Dut.
holster, a pistol-case-hullen, to cover,
which is cog. with A.S. helan, to cover.]
HOLT, hōlt, n. a wood or woody hill: a
hole, or other place of security, esp. a
deep hole in a river, where there is pro-
tection for fish. [A.S. holt, a wood; Ice.
holt, a copse, Ger. holz.]
HOLUS-BOLUS, hōl'us-bō'lus, n. adv. all
at a gulp: altogether. [A vulgarism,
formed from whole, and bolus, a pill.]
HOLY, ho'li, adj. perfect in a moral sense:
pure in heart: religious: set apart to
a sacred use.-adv. Ho'LILY. [A.S. halig,
lit. whole, perfect; healthy-hal, sound,
whole; conn. with HAIL, HEAL, WHOLE.]
HOLY-DAY, hō'li-dā, n. a holy day: a
religious festival: a day for the com-
memoration of some event.

HOLY GHOST, hō'li gōst, HOLY SPIRIT,
hō'li spir'it, n. the third person of the
Trinity. [HOLY and A.S. gást. See
GHOST.]

HOLY-OFFICE, ho'li-of'is, n. the holy
tribunal: the Inquisition. [HOLY and
OFFICE.]

HOLY ONE, hoʻli wun, n. the one who is
holy, by way of emphasis: God: Christ:
one separated to the service of God.
HOLY ORDERS, ho'li or'ders, n. ordina-
tion to the rank of minister in holy
things: the Christian ministry. [HOLY
and ORDERS.]

HOLY-ROOD, hō'li-rōōd, n. the holy cross,
in R. Cath. churches, over the entrance
to the chancel. [HOLY and ROOD.]
HOLY SPIRIT. See HOLY GHOST.
HOLYSTONE, hō'li-stōn, n. a stone used

by seamen for cleaning the decks.-v.t.
to scrub with a holystone.
HOLY-THURSDAY, hō'li-thurz'da, n. the
day on which the ascension of our Saviour
is commemorated, ten days before Whit-
suntide.

HOLY-WATER, hō'li-waw'ter, n., water
consecrated by the priest for sprinkling
persons and things.

HOLY-WEEK, hōʻli-wēk, n. the week be-
fore Easter, kept holy to commemorate
our Lord's passion.

HOLY-WRIT, hō'li-rit, n. the holy writ
ings: the Scriptures.

HOMAGE, hom'aj, n. the submission and
service which a tenant promised to his
feudal superior, in these words, homo
vester devenio, I become your man: the
act of fealty: respect paid by external
action: reverence directed to the Su-
preme Being: devout affection. [Fr.
hommage-Low L. homaticum-L. homo,

a man.

--

HOME, hōm, n. one's house or country:
place of constant residence: the seat, as
of war.-adj. pertaining to one's dwell-
ing or country: domestic: close: severe.
-adv. to one's habitation or country:
close closely to the point. — adj.
HOME LESS. -n. HOME'LESSNESS. [A.S.
ham; Dut. and Ger. heim, Goth. haims;
from a root ki, to rest, which appears
also in Gr. keimai, to lie, kome, a village,
L. civis, a citizen, E. hive.]
HOME-BRED, hōm'-bred, adj., bred at
home: native: domestic: plain : unpol-
ished.

HOME-FARM, hōm'-färm, n. the farm

HOMMOCK

near the home or mansion of a gentle

man.

HOME-FELT, hōm'-felt, adj., felt in one's
own breast: inward: private.
HOMELY, hōm'li, adj. pertaining to home:
familiar plain: rude.-n. HOME'LINESS.
-adv. HOME'LILY.

HOMELYN, hom'el-in, n. a species of ray.
found on the south coast of England.
HOME-MADE, hōm'-mād, adj., made at
home: made in one's own country:
plain.

HOMEOPATHIC, hō-me-o-path'ik, adj. of or pertaining to homeopathy.~adv. HoMEOPATHICALLY.

HOMEOPATHIST, hō-me-op'a-thist, n. one who believes in or practices homeopathy. HOMEOPATHY, hō-me-op'a-thi, n. the system of curing diseases by small quantities of those drugs which excite symptoms similar to those of the disease. [Lit. similar feeling or affection, from Gr. homoiopatheia-homoios, like, pathos,

feeling.]

HOMER, hō'mer, n. a Hebrew measure containing as a liquid measure about 2 barrels, as a dry measure 8 bushels. [Heb. chomer, a heap-chamar, to swell up.] HOMERIC, hō-mer'ik, adj. pertaining to

Homer, the great poet of Greece: pertaining to or resembling the poetry of Homer.

HOME-RULE, hōm'-rõōl, n. (in Ireland) a form of home government claimed by the League, the chief feature of it being a separate parliament for the management of Irish internal affairs.

HOMESICK, hōm'sik, adj., sick or grieved at separation from home.-n. HOME'-SICK'

NESS.

HOMESPUN, hom'spun, adj., spun or
wrought at home: not made in foreign
countries: plain: inelegant.-n. cloth
made at home.
HOMESTALL, hōm'stawl, HOMESTEAD,
hōm'sted, n. the place of a mansion-house:
the inclosures immediately connected
with it original station. [HOME and
STALL and STEAD.]
HOMESTEAD. See under HOMESTALL.
HOMETHRUST, hom'thrust, n. a well-di-
rected, effective, or telling thrust an
action or remark which seriously affects
a rival or antagonist. "The duke...
felt this a homethrust."-Disraeli.
HOMEWARD, hom ward, adv., toward
home: toward one's habitation or coun-
try. adj. in the direction of home.
[HOME, and ward, sig. direction.]
HOMEWARD-BOUND, hōm'ward-bownd,
adj., bound homeward or to one's native
land. [See BOUND, adj.]
HOMEWARDS, hōm'wardz, adv., toward

home.

HOMICIDAL, hom'i-sïd-al, adj. pertaining to homicide: murderous: bloody. HOMICIDE, hom'i-sid, n., manslaughter: one who kills another. [Fr.-L. homicidium-homo, a man, and cædo, to kill.] HOMILETICS, hom-i-let'iks, n.sing. the science which treats of homilies, and the best mode of preparing and delivering them.-adjs. HOMILETIC, HOMILETICAL. HOMILIST, hom'i-list, n. one who preaches to a congregation.

HOMILY, hom'i-li, n. a plain sermor preached to a mixed assembly: a serious discourse. [Gr. homilia, an assembly, a sermon-homos, the same, cog. with E. SAME, and ile, a crowd.]

HOMINY, hom'i-ni, n. maize hulled, or hulled and crushed, boiled with water. [American Indian, auhuminea, parched corn.]

HOMMOCK, hom'uk, n. a hillock or small conical eminence. [A dim. of HUMP.]

HOMOCENTRIC

HOMOCENTRIC, hō-mo-sen'trik, adj. having the same centre. [Fr. homocentrique -Gr. homokentros-homos, the same, and kentron, centre.]

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HOMOCERCAL, hō-mo-ser'kal, adj. hav‍ ing the upper fork of the tail similar to the lower one, as the herring. [Gr. homos, the same, kerkos, tail.] HOMOCERCY, hō-mō-ser'si, n. the state

of being homocercal: equality or symmetry in the lobes of the tails of fishes. HOMEOPATHY, etc. See HOMEOPATHY. HOMOGAMOUS, hō-mog'a-mus, adj. in bot. a term applied to grasses when all the florets of the spikelets of the same individual are hermaphrodite: also applied to composite plants when all the florets of a flower-head are hermaphrodite. [Gr. homos, like, and gamos, marriage.]

HOMOGAMY, hō-mogʻa-mi, n. the state of being homogamous: fertilization in a plant when the stamens and pistil of a hermaphrodite flower mature simultaneously.

HOMOGENEAL, hō-mo-jē'ni-al, HOMO

GENEOUS, hō-mo-jē'ni-us, adj. of the same kind or nature : having the constituent elements all similar.-ns. HOMO

GE'NEOUSNESS, HOMOGENEITY. [Gr. homogenes-homos, one, same, and genos, kind.] HOMOLOGATE, hō-mol'o-gāt, v.t. to say ATE, the same: to agree: to approve: to allow.-n. HOMOLOGA'TION. [Low L. homologo, homologatum-Gr. homologeōhomos, the same, and legō, to say.] HOMOLOGOUS, hō-mol'o-gus, adj. agreeing corresponding in relative position, proportion, value, or structure. [Gr. homologos-homos, the same, and logos -lego, to say.]

HOMOLOGUE, hom'o-log, n. that which is homologous to something else, as the same organ in different animals under its various forms and functions. HOMOLOGY, hō-mol'o-ji, n. the quality of being homologous: affinity of structure, and not of form or use.-adj. HOMOLOG'

ICAL.

HOMONYM, hom'o-nim, n. a word having the same sound as another, but a different meaning. [Fr. homonyme-Gr. homōnymos-homos, the same, and onoma, name.]

HOMONYMOUS, hō-mon'i-mus, adj. having the same name: having different significations: ambiguous: equivocal.adv. HOMONYMOUSLY. HOMONYMY, hō-mon'i-mi, n., sameness of name, with difference of meaning: ambiguity equivocation. [Fr. homonymie -Gr. homonymia.]

HOMOPHONE, hom'o-fōn, n. a letter or character having the same sound as another. [Gr. homos, the same, and phōnē, sound.]

HOMOPHONIC, hō-mo-fon'ik, adj. same as HOMOPHONOUS: specifically, in music, a term applied to a composition consisting of a principal theme or melody, with accompanying parts merely serving to strengthen it-contradistinguished from POLYPHONIC (which see). HOMOPHONOUS, hō-mof'o-nus, adj. having the same sound.-n. HOMOPHONY. HOMOPLASMY, hō-mo-plaz'mi, n. in biol. the condition or quality of being homoplastic resemblance between certain plants or animals in particular organs or in general habits, not resulting from descent from a common stock, but from the influence of surrounding circumstances. HOMOPTERA, hom-op'ter-a, n. an order of insects having two pair of wings uniform throughout.-adj. HOMOP'TEROUS.

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223

[Gr. homos, the same, uniform, and pteron, a wing.] HOMOTAXIAL, hō-mo-taks'i-al, adj. pertaining or relating to homotaxy or homotaxis. HOMOTAXIS, hō-mō-taks'is, n. the same arrangement: specifically, in geol. agreement in the arrangement in different localities of strata which occupy the same place or position in the stratified systems, but which may or may not be contemporaneous. [Gr. homos, the same, and taxis, arrangement.]

HOMOTAXY, hō-mō-taks'i, n. same as HoMOTAXIS. Huxley.

HOMOTYPE, hom'o-tip, n. that which has the same fundamental type of structure with something else. [Gr. homos, the same, and typos, type.] HOMOTYPY, hō-mot'i-pi, n. in compar. anat. correlation or correspondence in structure in one segment of any given part in another segment or in the same segment of one and the same animal: serial homology. Owen. HOMUNCULE, hō-mung'kül, n. same as HOMUNCULUS: a little man; a manikin ; a dwarf. "The giant saw the homuncule was irascible, and played upon him."-C. Reade.

HOMY, ho'mi, adj. pertaining to or resembling home: homelike. (Rare.) "I saw

...

plenty of our dear English 'lady's smock' in the wet meadows near here, which looked very homy."-Kingsley. HONE, hōn, n. a stone of a fine grit for sharpening instruments.-v.t. to sharpen as on a hone. [A.S. han; Ice. hein; allied to Gr. kōnos, a cone, Sans, cana, a whetstone; from a root ka, to sharpen. See CONE.]

HONEST, on'est, adj. full of honor: just: the opp. of thievish, free from fraud: frank: chaste: (B.) also, honorable.-adv. HONESTLY. [L. honestus-honor.] HONESTY, on'es-ti, n. the state of being honest: integrity: candor: a small flowering plant so called from its transparent seed-pouch: (B.) becoming deportment. HONEY, hun'i, n. a sweet, thick fluid collected by bees from the flowers of plants: anything sweet like honey. - v.t. to sweeten: to make agreeable:-pr.p. hon'eying; pa.p. hon'eyed (-'id). [Ã.S. hunig; Ger. honig, Ice. hunang.] HONEYBEAR, hun'i-bar, n. a South American carnivorous mammal about the size of a cat, with a long protrusive tongue, which he uses to rob the nests of wild bees.

HONEY-BUZZARD, hun'i-buz'ard, n. a genus of buzzards or falcons, so called from their feeding on bees, wasps, etc. HONEYCOMB, hun'i-kōm, n. a comb or mass of waxy cells formed by bees, in which they store their honey: anything like a honeycomb.-adj. HONEYCOMBED (-kōmd), formed like a honeycomb. [HONEY, and COMB, a hollow cell.] HONEYDEW, hun'i-dū, n. a sugary secretion from the leaves of plants in hot weather: a fine sort of tobacco moistened with molasses. HONEYED, HONIED, hun'id, adj. covered with honey: sweet. HONEYMOON, hun'i-mōōn, HONEY

MONTH, -munth, n. the honey or sweet moon or month, the first month after marriage.

HONEY-MOUTHED, hun'i-mowthd, adj. having a honeyed mouth or speech: soft or smooth in speech. HONEYSUCKLE, hun'i-suk-1, n. a climbing shrub with beautiful cream-colored flowers, so named because honey is readily sucked from the flower. [A.S. hunigsucle.]

HOOPOE

HONEY-TONGUED, hun'i-tungd, adj. having a honeyed tongue or speech: soft in speech.

HONIED. Same as HONEYED. HONORARIUM, hon-ur-a'ri-um, n. a voluntary fee paid to a professional man for his services. [L. honorarium (donum), honorary, (gift).] HONORARY, on'ur-ar-i, adj., conferring honor holding a title or office without performing services or receiving a reward.-n. a fee. [L. honorarius-honor.] HONOR, on'ur, n. the esteem due or paid to worth respect: high estimation: veneration, said of God: that which rightfully attracts esteem: exalted rank: distinction: excellence of character: nobleness of mind any special virtue much esteemed any mark of esteem: a title of respect :-pl. privileges of rank or birth: civilities paid: the four highest cards in card-playing: academic prizes or distinctions.-adj. HON'ORLESS. [L. honor.]

HONOR, on'ur, v.t. to hold in high esteem: to respect to adore: to exalt: to accept and pay when due.-adj. HON'ORED. HONORABLE, on'ur-a-bl, adj. worthy of honor: illustrious: actuated by principles of honor: conferring honor: becoming men of exalted station: a title of distinction.-adv. HON'ORABLY. HONORABLENESS, on'ur-a-bl-nes, n. emineu.ce: conformity to the principles of honor fairness.

HOOD, hood, n. a covering for the head: anything resembling a hood: an ornamental fold at the back of an academic gown.-v.t. to cover with a hood: to blind.-adj. HOOD'ED. [A.S. hod; Dut. hoed, Ger. hut, conn. with HEED.] HOODLUM, hōōd'lum, n. a young, hector ing vagabond: a lounging, good-for-nothing, quarrelsome fellow: a rough: a rowdy. HOODWINK, hood'wingk, v.t. (lit.) to make one wink by covering the eyes with a hood: to blindfold: to deceive. [HOOD and WINK.]

HOOF, hoof, n. the horny substance on the feet of certain animals, as horses, etc. : a hoofed animal:-pl. Hoors or HOOVES -adj. HOOFED'. [A.S. hof; Ger. huf, Sans. capha.]

HOOK, hook, n. a piece of metal bent into a curve, so as to catch or hold anything: a snare: an instrument for cutting grain. [A.S. hoc; Dut. haak, Ger. haken, allied to Gr. kyklos, a circle.]

HOOK, hook, v.t. to catch or hold with a hook to draw as with a hook: to insnare.-v.i. to bend: to be curved.-adj. HOOKED'.-BY HOOK OR BY CROOK, one way or the other.

HOOKAH, hōō'ka, n. a pipe in which the smoke is made to pass through water. [Ar. hugga.]

HOOK-NOSED, hook'-nōzd, adj. having a hooked or curved nose.

HOOKY, hook'i, adj. full of or pertaining to hooks.

HOOP, hōōp, n. a pliant strip of wood or metal formed into a ring or band, for holding together the staves of casks, etc.: something resembling a hoop: a ring :pl. elastic materials used to expand the skirt of a lady's dress-v.t. to bind with hoops: to encircle. [Akin to Dut. hoep cf. ice. hop, a bay, from its round form. HOOP, hōōp, v.i. to call out. Same as WHOOP.

HOOPER, hōōp'er, n. one who hoops casks: a cooper.

HOOPING-COUGH. See under WHOOP. HOOPOE, hōōp'ō, HOOPOO, hōōp'ōō, n. a. bird with a large crest. [L. upupa, Gr. epops-imitative.]

HOOT

OOT, hōōt, v.i. to shout in contempt: to cry like an owl.-v.t. to drive with cries of contempt.- -n. a scornful cry. [An imitative word: cf. Scand. hut, begone; Fr. huer, to call; W. hwt, off with it.] HOP, hop, v.i. to leap on one leg: to spring: to walk lame: to limp-pr.p. hopp'ing; pa.t. and pa.p. hopped'.-n. a leap on one leg a jump: a spring. [A.S. hoppian, to dance; Ger. hüpfen.]

HOP, hop, n. a plant with a long twining stalk, the bitter cones of which are much used in brewing and in medicine.-v.t. to mix with hops.-v.i. to gather hops: -pr.p. hopp'ing; pa.t. and pa.p. hopped'. [Dut. hop; Ger. hopfen.]

HOPBIND, hop'bind (corr. into hopbine), n. the stalk of the hop. [-bind expresses the clinging of the stalk to its support; cf. BINDWEED.]

HOPE, hōp, v.i. to cherish a desire of good with expectation of obtaining it to place confidence (in).-v.t. to desire with expectation or with belief in the prospect of obtaining. [A.S. hopian; Dut. hopen, Ger. hoffen, perhaps akin to L. cup-io, to desire.]

HOPE, hōp, n. a desire of some good, with expectation of obtaining it: confidence: anticipation: he who or that which furnishes ground of expectation: that which is hoped for. [A.S. hopa; Ger. hoffnung.]

HOPE, hop, n. troop, only in the phrase forlorn-hope. [Dut. verloren hoop-hoop, a band of men, E. HEAP. See also FORLORN.]

HOPEFUL, hop'fool, adj. full of hope: having qualities which excite hope: promising good or success.-adv. HOPE'FULLY.-N. HOPE'FULNESS. HOPELESS, hōp'les, adj. without hope: giving no ground to expect good or success desperate.-adv. HOPELESSLY.-n.

HOPE'LESSNESS.

HOPPER, hop'er, n, one who hops: a wooden trough through which grain passes into a mill, so called from its hopping or shaking motion: a vessel in which seedgrain is carried for sowing: a hop-picker. Dickens.

HOPPLE, hop'l, v.t. to tie the feet close together to prevent hopping or running. -n. chiefly in pl., a fetter for horses. etc. when left to graze. [Freq. of HOP.] HOPSCOTCH, hop'skoch, n. a game in which children hop over lines scotched or traced on the ground.

HOPVINE, hop'vin, n. the stalk or stem

of the hop. [See VINE, and cf. HOPBIND.]

HORAL, hōr'al, adj. relating to an hour. HORARY, hōr'ar-i, adj. pertaining to an

hour: noting the hours: hourly: continuing an hour.

HORDE, hōrd, n. a migratory or wandering tribe or clan. [Fr.-Turk. ordû, camp-Pers. órdû, court, camp, horde of Tartars.]

HOREHOUND. See HOARHOUND. HORIZON, ho-rī'zun, n. the circle bound

ing the view where the earth and sky appear to meet. [Fr.-L.-Gr. horizon (kyklos), bounding (circle), horizō, to bound-horos, a limit.] HORIZONTAL, hor-i-zon'tal, adj. pertaining to the horizon: parallel to the horizon level: near the horizon.-adv. HORIZON'TALLY.-n. HORIZONTAL'ITY. HORN, horn, n. the hard substance projecting from the heads of certain animals, as oxen, etc.: something made of or like a horn: a symbol of strength: (mus.) a wind-instrument consisting of a coiled brass tube.-v.t. to furnish with horns.-adj HORNED'. [A.S. horn; Scand.

224

and Ger. horn, Celt. corn, L. cornu, Gr. keras.]

HORNBILL, horn'bil, n. a bird about the size of the turkey, having a horny excrescence on its bill.

HORNBLENDE, horn'blend, n. a mineral of various colors, found in granite and other igneous rocks that contain quartz. [Ger., from horn, horn, from the shape of its crystals, and -blende-blenden, to HORNBOOK, horn'book, n. a first book for dazzle, from its glittering appearance.] children, which formerly consisted of a single leaf set in a frame, with a thin plate of transparent horn in front to preserve it.

HORNED-OWL. See HORNOWL.

HORNED-POUT, hornd'-pout, n. a North American fish. Called also BULL-HEAD and CAT-FISH.

HORNET, horn'et, n. a species of wasp, so called from its antennæ or horns. [A.S. hyrnet, dim. of horn.]

HORNFOOT, horn'foot, adj. having a hoof HORNING, horn'ing, n. appearance of the or horn on the foot.

moon when in its crescent form. HORNOWL, horn'ow), HORNED-OWL, hornd'-owl, n. a species of owl, so called from two tufts of feathers on its head, like horns.

HORNPIPE, horn'pīp, n. a Welsh musical instrument, consisting of a wooden pipe, with a horn at each end: a lively air: a lively dance.

HORNSTONE, horn'stōn, a stone much like flint, but more brittle. [HORN and STONE.] HORNWORK, horn'wurk, n. (fort.) an outwork having angular points or horns, and composed of two demi-bastions joined HORNY, horn'i, adj. like horn: hard: callous.

by a curtain.

HOROGRAPHY, hor-og'ra-fi, n. the art of constructing dials or instruments for indicating the hours. [Gr. hōra, an hour, and graphō, to describe.] HOROLOGE, hor'o-loj, n. any instrument for telling the hours. [O. Fr. horologe (Fr. horloge)-L. horologium-Gr. horologion-hora, an hour, and legō, to tell.] HOROLOGY, hor-ol'o-ji, n. the science

which treats of the construction of machines for telling the hours.-adj. HOROLOG'ICAL.

HOROMETRY, hor-om'et-ri, n. the art or practice of measuring time.-adj. HOROMETRICAL. [Gr. hōra, an hour, and metron, a measure.] HOROSCOPE, hor'o-skōp, n. an observation of the heavens at the hour of a person's birth, by which the astrologer predicted the events of his life: a representation of the heavens for this purpose. [Fr.-L.-Gr. horoskopos-hōra, an hour, and skopeō, to observe.] HOROSCOPY, hor-os'kop-i, n. the art of predicting the events of a person's life from his horoscope: aspect of the stars at the time of birth.-adj. HOROSCOPIC. -n. HOROS'COPIST, an astrologer. HORRENT, hor'ent, adj. standing on end, as bristles. [L. horrens, -entis, pr.p. of horreo, to bristle.] HORRIBLE, hor'i-bl, adj. causing or tending to cause horror: dreadful: awful: terrific.-adv. HORR'IBLY.-n. HORR'IBLENESS. [L. horribilis-horreo.] HORRID, hor'id, adj. fitted to produce horror: shocking: offensive. - adv. HORR'IDLY.-N. HORR'IDNESS. [L. horridus, orig. bristling-horreo. See HORROR.] HORRIFIC, hor-rif'ik, adj. exciting horror: frightful.

HORRIFICATION, hor-ri-fi-ka'shun, n. the act of horrifying: anything that causes

HORSEWHIP

horror. "As the old woman and her miserable blue light went on before us, I could almost have thought of Sir Bertrand or some German horrifications."-Miss Edgeworth.

HORRIFY, hor'i-fi, v.t. to strike with horror: -pa.p. horr'ified. [L. horror, and facio, to make.]

HORROR, hor'ur, n. a shuddering: excessive fear that which excites horror. [Lit. "a bristling," as of hair, L.-horreo, to bristle, to shudder.] HORSE, hors, n. a well-known quadruped: (collectively) cavalry: that by which something is supported.-v.t. to mount on a horse: to provide with a horse: to sit astride to carry on the back.-v.i. to get on horseback. [A.S. hors, Ice. hross, O. Ger. hros (Ger. ross), perh. akin to Sans. hresh, to neigh, but more prob. conn. with L. curro, cursus, to run; cf. COURSER.]

HORSEBLOCK, hors'blok, n. a block or stage by which to mount or dismount from a horse.

HORSEBOAT, hors'bot, n. a boat for carrying horses.

HORSE-BREAKER, hors'-brak'er, HORSETAMER, hors'-tām'er, n. one whose business is to break or tame horses, or to teach them to draw or carry. HORSE-CHESTNUT, hors'-ches'nut, n. a large variety of chestnut, prob. so called from its coarseness contrasted with the edible chestnut: the tree that produces it. [See CHESTNUT.] HORSEFLY, hors'fli, n. a large fly that stings horses.

HORSE-GUARDS, hors'-gärdz, n. horse

soldiers employed as guards: the 3d heavy cavalry regiment of the British army, forming part of the household troops: (formerly) the official residence in London of the commander-in-chief of the British army.

HORSEHOE, hors'hō, HORSERAKE, hors'rāk, etc., n. a hoe, rake, etc., drawn by horses.

HORSELAUGH, hors'läf, n. a harsh, boisterous laugh. [HOARSE and LAUGH.] HORSELEECH, hors'lech, n. a large species of leech, so named from its fastening on horses when wading in the water. HORSE-LITTER, hors'-lit'er, n. a litter or bed borne between two horses. HORSEMAN, hors'man, n. a rider on horseback: a mounted soldier. HORSEMANSHIP, hors'man-ship, n. the art of riding, and of training and managing horses.

HORSE-POWER, hors'-pow'er, n. the power a horse can exert, or its equivalent that required to raise 33,000 lbs. avoirdupois one foot per minute: a standard for estimating the power of steam-engines.

HORSERACE, hors'rās, n. a race by horses. HORSERACING, hors'rās-ing, n. the practice of racing or running horses in matches. HORSE-RADISH, hors'-rad'ish, n. a plant with a pungent root, used in medicine and as a salad. [So named from a notion of its being wholesome for horses.] HORSESHOE, hors'shōō, n. a shoe for horses, consisting of a curved piece of iron: anything shaped like a horseshoe. HORSETAIL, hors'tal, n. a genus of leafless plants with hollow rush-like stems, so called from their likeness to a horse's tail.

HORSE-TRAINER, hors'-tran'er, n. one who trains horses for racing, etc. HORSEWHIP, hors'hwip, n. a whip for driving horses. - v.t. to strike with a horsewhip: to lash.

'

HORSINESS

HORSINESS, hors'i-nes, n. the state or quality of being horsy; inclination to devote one's attention to horses and matters connected with them: that which pertains to horses, as the smell of a stable or the like.

It shall be all my study for one hour
To rose and lavender my horsiness,
Before I dare to glance upon your Grace.
-Tennyson.

HORTATIVE, hort'a-tiv, HORTATORY, hort'a-tor-i, adj., inciting: encouraging: giving advice. [L. hortor, hortatus, to incite.]

HORTICULTURAL, hor-ti-kul'tūr-al, adj. pertaining to the culture of gardens. HORTICULTURE, hor'ti-kul-tur, n. the art of cultivating gardens. [L. hortus, a garden, and CULTURE.]

HORTICULTURIST, hor-ti-kul'tür-ist, n. one versed in the art of cultivating gardens.

HOSANNA, hō-zan'a, n. an exclamation of praise to God, or a prayer for blessings. [Lit. "save, I pray thee," Gr. hōsanna -Heb. hoshiahnnah yasha, hoshia, to save, and na, I pray thee.] HOSE, hōz, n. a covering for the legs or feet stockings socks: a flexible pipe for conveying fluids, so called from its shape-pl. HOSE; (B.) HOS'EN. [A.S. hosa: Dut. hoos, Ger. hose.] HOSIER, hō'zhi-er, n. one who deals in hose, or stockings and socks, etc. HOSIERY, hō'zhi-er-i, n., hose in general. HOSPICE, hos'pēs, n. an Alpine convent where travellers are treated as guests. [Fr., from L. hospitium-hospes, a stranger who is treated as a guest, one who treats another as his guest.] HOSPITABLE, hos'pit-abl, adj. pertaining to a host or guest: entertaining strangers and guests kindly and without reward: showing kindness.-adv. HOS'PITABLY.n. HOSPITABLENESS.

HOSPITAL, hos pit-al or os'-, n. a building for the reception and treatment of the old, sick, etc., or for the support and education of the young. [Orig. a place | for the entertainment of strangers or guests, from O. Fr. hospital-Low L. hospitale-hospes, a guest. See HOSPICE.] HOSPITALITY, hos-pi-tal'it-i, n. the practice of one who is hospitable: friendly welcome and entertainment of guests. HOSPITALLER, hos'pit-al-er, n. one of a charitable brotherhood for the care of the sick in hospitals: one of an order of knights, commonly called Knights of St. John, who, during the Crusades, built a hospital for pilgrims at Jerusalem. HOSPODAR, hos'po-där, n. (formerly) the title of the princes of Moldavia and Wallachia. [Slav.]

HOST, hōst, n. one who entertains a stranger or guest at his house_without reward an innkeeper :-fem. HOST'ESS. [O. Fr. hoste-L. hospes.]

HOST, hōst, n. an army: a large multitude. [Orig. an enemy; O. Fr. hostL. hostis, an enemy.]

HOST, hōst, n. in the R. Cath. Church, the| consecrated bread of the Eucharist, in which Christ is offered. [L. hostia, a victim-hostio, to strike.]

HOSTAGE, hos'tāj, n. one remaining with the enemy as a pledge for the fulfillment of the conditions of a treaty. [O. Fr. hostage, Fr. ôtage-Low L. obsidaticusobses, obsidis, a hostage.]

HOSTEL, hos'tel, HOSTELRY, hos'tel-ri, n. an inn. [O. Fr. hostel, hostellerie. See HOTEL.]

HOSTILE, hos'til, adj. belonging to an enemy: showing enmity: warlike: adverse. -adv. HOSTILELY. [L. hostilis-hostis.] HOSTILITY, hos-til'it-i, n. enmity :-pl. HOSTILITIES, acts of warfare.

225

HOSTLER, os'ler, n. he who has the care of horses at an inn. [Orig. one who kept a house for strangers, O. Fr. hostelier hostel-L. hospes.]

HOT, hot, adj. having heat: very warm: fiery: pungent: animated: ardent in temper violent: passionate: lustful.-adv. HOT'LY.-N. HOT'NESS. [A.S. hat; Ger. heiss, Sw. het. See HEAT.] HOTBED, hot'bed, n. a glass-covered bed heated for bringing forward plants rapidly any place favorable to rapid growth. HOTBLAST, hot'blast, n. a blast of heated air blown into a furnace to raise the heat.

HOT-BLOODED, hot'-blud'ed, adj. having hot blood: high-spirited: irritable. HOTCHPOTCH, hoch'poch, HOTCHPOT, hoch'pot, HODGEPODGE, hoj'poj, n. a confused mass of ingredients shaken or mixed together in the same pot. [Fr. hochepot-hocher, to shake, and pot, a pot-0. Dut. hutsen, to shake, and Dut. pot, a pot. See HUSTLE and POT.] HOTEL, hō-tel', n. a superior house for the accommodation of strangers: an inn: in France, also a palace. [M.E. hostel-O. Fr. hostel (Fr. hotel)-L. hospitalia, guestchambers-hospes. See HOSPITAL.] HOT-HEADED, hot'-hed'ed, adj. hot in the head: having warm passions: violent: impetuous.

HOTHOUSE, hot'hows, n. a house kept hot for the rearing of tender plants. HOT-POT, hot'-pot, n. in cookery, a dish consisting of small chops of mutton, seasoned with pepper and salt, and stewed in a deep dish between layers of sliced potatoes. "The Colonel himself was great at making hash mutton, hot-pot, curry and pillau."-Thackeray. HOTPRESS, hot'pres, v.t. to press paper, etc., between hot plates to produce a glossy surface.

HOTSPUR, hot'spur, n. one pressing his steed with spurs as in hot haste: a violent, rash man.

HOTTENTOT, hot'n-tot, n. a native of the Cape of Good Hope: a brutish individual. [Dut., because the language of the S. Africans seemed to the first Dutch settlers to sound like a repetition of the syllables hot and tot; Dut. en = and.] HOUDAH. See HOWDAH. HOUGH, hck, HOCK, hok, n. the joint on the hindleg of a quadruped, between the knee and fetlock, corresponding to the ankle-joint in man: in man, the back part of the knee-joint: the ham.-v.t. to hamstring: pr.p. hough'ing; pa.p. houghed (hokt'). [A.S. hoh, the heel.] HOUND, hownd, n. a dog used in hunting. -v.t. to set on in chase: to hunt: to urge on. [Orig. the dog generally, from A.S. hund: akin to Gr. kyōn, kynos, L. canis, Sans. cvan.]

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HOUNDFISH. Same as DOGFISH. HOUND'S-TONGUE, howndz'-tung, n. a plant, so called from the shape of its leaves. [A.S. hundestunge.]

HOUR, owr, n. 60 min. or the 24th part of a day the time indicated by a clock, etc.: a time or occasion :-pl. (myth.) the goddesses of the seasons and the hours: in the R. Cath. Church, prayers to be said at certain hours. [Orig. a definite space of time fixed by natural laws; O. Fr. hore, Fr. heure-L. hora-Gr. hōra. See YEAR.]

HOURGLASS, owr'glas, n. an instrument for measuring the hours by the running of sand from one glass vessel into another.

HOURI, how'ri, n. a nymph of the Mohammedan paradise. [Pers. huri—hura, a black-eyed girl.]

HOURLY, owr'li, adj. happening or done

HOVEL

every hour: frequent.-adv. every hour: frequently. HOURPLATE, owr'plat, n. the plate of a timepiece on which the hours are marked: the dial.

HOUSE, hows, n. a building for dwelling in: a dwelling-place: an inn: household affairs a family: kindred: a trading establishment: one of the estates of the legislature: (astrol.) the twelfth part of the heavens-pl. HOUSES (howz'ez). [A.S. hus; Goth. hus, Ger. haus.] HOUSE, howz, v.t. to protect by covering: to shelter: to store.-v.i. to take shelter: to reside.

HOUSEBREAKER, hows’brāk-er, n. one

who breaks open and enters a house for the purpose of stealing.—n. HOUSE'

BREAKING. HOUSEHOLD, hows'hōld, n. those who are held together in the same house, and compose a family.-THE HOUSEHOLD, a royal domestic establishment.-adj. pertaining to the house and family. HOUSEHOLDER, hows'hōld-er, n. the

holder or tenant of a house. HOUSEKEEPER, hows'kep-er, n. a female servant who keeps or has the chief care of the house.

HOUSEKEEPING, hows'kep-ing, n. the keeping or management of a house or of domestic affairs: hospitality.-adj. domestic.

HOUSELESS, hows 'les, adj. without a house or home: having no shelter. HOUSELESSNESS, hows'les-nes, n. the condition of being houseless. Dickens. HOUSEMAID, hows'mad, n. a maid employed to keep a house clean, etc.-HOUSEMAID'S KNEE, an acute or chronic dropsical effusion between the skin and the bursa or sac over the kneepan, and so called because it was thought most common among housemaids who had much kneeling while scrubbing floors, etc. Acute cases may be cured by rest, and the application of iodine, mercurials, and tight bandages; chronic ones by compression with splints, by evacuation of the pus in the sac, and injection of iodine solution.

a

HOUSE-MATE, hows'-māt,n.one who lives in the same house with another: a fellow lodger or tenant. Carlyle. HOUSE-STEWARD, hows'-stu'ard, n. steward who manages the household affairs of a great family. HOUSE-SURGEON, hows'-sur'jun, n. the surgeon or medical officer in a hospital who resides in the house.

66

HOUSE-WARM, hows'-wawrm, v.t. to give a feast or entertainment to, as to a person who is entering on the occupation of a new house. Resolved . . . to housewarm my Betty."-Pepys. HOUSE-WARMING, hows'-wawrm'ing, n. an entertainment given when a family enters a new house, as if to warm it. HOUSEWIFE, hows'wif, n. the mistress of a house: a female domestic manager.adj. HOUSE'WIFELY.

HOUSEWIFE, huz'if, n. a small case for articles of female work, properly spelt HUSSIF (which see). HOUSEWIFERY, hows'wif-ri, n. business of a housewife. HOUSING, howz'ing, n. an ornamental covering for a horse: a saddle-cloth :pl. the trappings of a horse. [Fr. housse; prob. from O. Ger. hulst, a coveringhullen, to cover. Cf. HOLSTER, HUSK.] HOUSTY, hows'ti, n. a sore throat. Kingsley. (Provincial English.)

HOVE, pa.t. and pa.p. of HEAVE. HOVEL, huv'el, n. a small or mean dwelling: a shed.-v.t. to put in a hovel: to

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