KAFFIR K KAFFIR, kaf'ir, n. one of a native race of S. E. Africa. [Ar. Kafir, unbeliever.] KAIL, KALE, kål, n. a cabbage with open curled leaves. [The Northern E. form of COLE.] KALEIDOSCOPE, ka-li'do-skōp, n. an optical toy in which we see an endless variety of beautiful colors and forms. [Gr. kalos, beautiful, eidos, form, and skopeō, to see.] Same as CAL KALENDAR, KALENDS. ENDAR, CALENDS. KAMPTULICON, kamp-tu'li-kon, n. a floorcloth made of ground cork_and caoutchouc. [Gr. kamptō, to bend.] KANGAROO, kang-gar-ōō', n. an Australian quadruped, remarkable for the length of its hindlegs and its power of leaping. [The native name.] KEDGE, kej, n. a small anchor for keeping a ship steady and for warping the ship. -v.t. to move by means of a kedge, to warp.-n. KEDGER, a kedge. [Ice. kaggi, a cask fixed to an anchor as a buoy.] KEEL, kēl, n. the part of a ship extending along the bottom from stem to stern, and supporting the whole frame: a low flatbottomed boat: (bot.) the lowest petals of the corolla of a papilionaceous flower. -v.t. or v.i. to plough with a keel, to navigate: to turn keel upwards. [A.S. ceol, a ship; Ger. and Dut. kiel; prob. confused with Ice. kiölr, the keel of a ship.] KEELAGE, kēlāj, n. dues for a keel or ship in port. KEELED, keld, adj. (bot.) keel-shaped : having a prominence on the back. KEELHAUL, kēl'hawl, v.t. to punish by hauling under the keel of a ship by ropes from the one side to the other: to treat a subordinate in a galling manner. KEELSON, KELSON, kel'sun, n. an inner keel placed right over the outer keel of a ship, and securely fastened thereto. [Swed. kölsvin, Norw. kjölsvill, the latter syllable-Ger. schwelle, E. SILL.] KEEN, ken, adj. eager: sharp, having a fine edge: piercing: acute of mind: penetrating.-adv. KEEN'LY.-n. KEEN'NESS. [A.S. cene; Ger. kühn, bold; Ice. kann, wise. It is from the same root as ken and can, the orig. sense being able or knowing.] KEEP, kēp, v.t. to have the care of: to guard to maintain to have in one's service to remain in: to adhere to : to practice not to lose: to maintain hold upon to restrain from departure: to preserve in a certain state.-v.i. to remain in any position or state: to last or endure to adhere:-pr.p. keep'ing; pa.t. and pa.p. kept.· -n. that which keeps or protects: the innermost and strongest part of a castle, the donjon: a stronghold.-n. KEEP'ER.-n. KEEP'ERSHIP, office of a keeper. [A.S. cepan, orig. to traffic, hence to store up, keepceap, price. See CHEAP.] KEEPING, kep'ing, n. care: just proportion, harmony: (paint.) due proportion of light and shade. KEEPSAKE, kēp'sāk, n. something given to be kept for the sake of the giver. KEG, keg, n. a small cask or barrel. [Ice. kaggi, a cask.] KELP, kelp, n. the calcined ashes of seaweed, once used in making glass. [Ety. unknown.] KELPIE, KELPY, kel'pi, n. a water-sprite in the form of a horse. [Ety. dub.] KELSON. Same as KEELSON. KEN, ken, v.t. to know: to see and recognize at a distance.-n. reach of knowl 256 edge or sight. [Ice. kenna, orig. to cause to know. See CAN and KNOW.] KENDAL-GREEN, ken'dal-grēn, n., green | cloth made at Kendal in Westmoreland. KENNEL, ken'el, n. a house for dogs: a pack of hounds: the hole of a fox, etc.: a haunt.-v.t. to keep in a kennel.-v.i. to live in a kennel:-pr.p. kenn'elling; pa.p. kenn'elled. [Norm. Fr. kenil, Fr. chenil-L. canile-canis, a dog.] KENNEL, ken'el, n. the water-course of a street: a gutter. [A form of CANAL.] KENNEL-COAL. Same as CANNEL-COAL. KEPT, past tense and past participle of KEEP. KERBSTONE, kerb'stōn, n. a form of CURBSTONE. KERCHIEF, ker'chif, n. (orig.) a square piece of cloth worn by women to cover the head: any loose cloth used in dress. [M.E. couerchef, Fr. couvrechef-couvrir, to cover, chef, the head. See COVER and KERN. See QUERN. CHIEF.] KERN, KERNE, kern, n. an Irish foot-solKERNEL, kern'el, n. anything in a husk dier. [Ir. cearn, a man.] or shell: the substance in the shell of a nut: the seed of a pulpy fruit. [Lit. a grain of corn, A.S. cyrnel, from A.S. corn, grain, and dim. suffix -el; Ger. kern, a grain. See CORN and GRAIN.] KERNELLY, kern'el-i, adj. full of or reKEROSENE, ker'o-sen, n. an oil obtained sembling kernels. from bituminous coal, used for lamps, etc. [Gr. keros, wax.] KERSEY, ker'zi, n. a coarse woollen cloth. [Perh. from Kersey in Suffolk, where a woollen trade was once carried on.] KERSEYMERE, ker-zi-mer' or ker'-, n. a twilled cloth of the finest wools. [A corr. of CASSIMERE, CASHMERE.] KESTREL, kes'trel, n. a small species of falcon like the sparrow-hawk. [Fr. cresserelle, of unknown origin.] KETCH, kech, n. a small two-masted vessel, generally used as a yacht or as a bomb-vessel. [Corr. from Turk. qaiq, a boat, skiff, whence also Fr. caïque.] KETCHUP. Same as CATCHUP. KETTLE, ket'l, n. a vessel of metal, for heating or boiling liquids. [A.S. cetel; Ger. kessel, Goth. katils; all conn. with and perh. borrowed from L. catillus, dim. of catinus, a deep cooking-vessel.] KETTLEDRUM, ket'l-drum, n. a drum made of a metal vessel like a kettle, and covered with parchment: a tea-party. [See DRUM.] KEY, kē, n. an instrument for shutting or opening a lock that by which something is screwed or turned: (arch.) the middle stone of an arch: a piece of wood let into another piece crosswise to prevent warping: (mus.) one of the small levers in musical instruments for producing notes: the fundamental note of a piece of music: that which explains a mystery: a book containing answers to exercises, etc. [A.S. cœg, a key; O. Fris. kei, kai.] KEYBOARD, kē'bōrd, n. the keys or levers in a piano or organ arranged along a flat board. KEYHOLE, kē'hōl, n. the hole in which a key of a door, etc., is inserted. KEYNOTE, ke'not, n. the key or fundamental note of a piece of music. KEYSTONE, kē'ston, n. the same as KEY, in arch. KHAN, kan, n. in N. Asia, a prince or chief in Persia, a governor.-n. KHAN'ATE, the dominion or jurisdiction of a khan. [Pers. khan, lord or prince, which is a modification of a Tartar word.] KHEDIVE, ked'iv, n. the title of the ruler KINDERGARTEN of Egypt. [Persian khidiv, prince or Sovereign.] KIBE, kīb, n. a chilblain. [W. cibust, from cib, a cup, expressive of the swollen or rounded appearance of the disease, and gust, a disease.] KICK, kik, v.t. to hit with the foot.-v.i. to thrust out the foot with violence: to show opposition.-n. a blow with the foot. [M.E. kiken-W. cicio-cic, the foot.] KICKSHAW, kik'shaw, n., something uncommon or fantastical that has no name: (cook.) a fantastical dish. [Corr. of Fr. quelque chose, something.] KID, kid, n. a young goat.-v.t. or v.i. to bring forth a goat-pr.p. kidd'ing; pa.p. kidd'ed. [Scand., as in Ice. kidh; Ger. kitze, a young kid.] KIDLING, kid'ling, n. a young kid. KIDNAP, kid'nap, v.t. to steal, as a human being:- pr.p. kid'napping; pa.t. and pa.p. kidnapped.-n. KID'NAPPER. [Vulgar kid (see KID), a child, and vulgar nab, to steal.] KIDNEY, kid'ni, n. one of two flattened glands, on each side of the loins, which secrete the urine. [M.E. kidnere—A.S. cwid, Scot. kyte, Ice. kvidr, the womb, the belly, and Ice. nyra, Ger. niere, a kidney.] KIDNEYBEAN, kid'ni-ben, n. a kind of bean shaped like a kidney. KILDERKİN, kil'der-kin, n. a small barrel: a liquid measure of 18 gallons. [Old Dut. kindeken, kinneken, Scot. kinken, dim. of Dut. kind, a child.] KILL, kil, v.t. to put to death: to slay.n. KILL'ER. [M.E. killen or cullen-Ice. kolla, to hit on the head-kollr, the head; or perh. a doublet of QUELL.] KILŃ, kil, n. a large oven in which corn, bricks, etc., are dried: bricks piled for burning.-v.t. KILN'-DRY, to dry in a kiln. [A.S. cyln; Ice. kylna, a drying-house for corn acc. to Skeat from L. culina, a kitchen.] = KILOGRAMME, kil'o-gram, n. a French measure of weight 1000 grammes, or 2 lbs. avoirdupois. [Lit. 1000 grammes, Gr. chilioi, 1000, and GRAMME.] KILOMETRE, kil'o-me-tr, n. a French measure, being 1000 metres, or nearly of a mile. [Fr.-Gr. chilioi, 1000, and METRE.] KILT, kilt, n. a kind of short petticoat, worn by the Highlandmen of Scotland. [Northern E. kilt, to tuck up, from Dan. kilte, to tuck up, cf. Ice. kilting, a skirt.] KIN, kin, n. persons of the same family: relatives: relationship: affinity. [A.S. cyn; Ice. kyn, Goth. kuni, family, race, from a root gan, to beget, found in L. genus, Gr. genos. See GENUS, also KIND, KINDRED, KING.] KIND, kind, n. those of kin, a race: sort or species: nature: style: character: produce, as distinguished from money.-adj. having the feelings natural for those of the same family disposed to do good to others.-n. KIND'NESS.-adj. KIND'HEARTED. [A.S. cynd-cyn, kin. See KIN.] KINDERGARTEN, kin'der-gär-tn, n. a kind of infant's school, intermediate between the nursery and the primary school, in which play is combined with a certain amount of educational training, the latter being based especially on object lessons, and in teaching the child to produce simple articles or objects of an elementary kind so as to develop the thinking faculty and induce habits of order. The name was given by the originator of the system, Friedrich Froebel. [Ger., lit. childrengarden.] KINDLE KINDLE, kin'dl, v.t. to set fire to: to light: | to inflame, as the passions: to provoke: to excite to action.-v.i. to take fire: to begin to be excited to be roused.-n. KIN'DLER. [Ice. kynda, to set fire to, kyndyll, a torch, conn. with CANDLE.] KINDLY, kind'li, adj. (orig.) belonging to the kind or race: natural: benevolent. -adv. KIND'LY.-n. KIND LINESS. KINDRED, kin'dred, n. (lit.) state of being of the same family: relatives: relationship:-pl. (B.) families.-adj. related: congenial. [M. E. kinrede-A. S. cyn, kin, and the suffix -ræden, expressing mode or condition.] KINE, kin, n.pl. (B.) cows. [M. E. ky-en, a doubled plur. of A.S. cu, a cow, the plur. of which is cy; cf. Scotch kye.] KINEMATICS, kin-i-mat'iks, n. the science of pure motion without reference to force.-adj. KINEMATICAL. [Gr. kinēma, -atos. motion-kineō, to move.] KINETICS, ki-net'iks, n. the science of motion viewed with reference to its causes.-adj. KINETIC. [Gr. kinētikos, putting in motion-kineō, to move.] KING, king, n. the chief ruler of a nation: a monarch: a card having the picture of a king: the most important piece in chess-fem. QUEEN.-adjs. KING LESS, KING'LIKE. [A.S. cyning-cyn, a tribe; Sans. janaka, father-root gan, to beget, therefore meaning “father," the father of a tribe, the "king of his own kin; but acc. to Skeat, cyning=cyn (as above) and suffix -ing, meaning "belonging to, 66 son of" the "tribe," the elected chief of the people. See KIN.] KING-AT-ARMS, king-at-ärmz', n. one of the three chief officers of the Herald's College. KINGCRAB, king'krab, n. the chief or largest of the crab genus, most common in the Molucca Islands. KINGCRAFT, king kraft, n. the art of governing, mostly in a bad sense. KINGCUP, king'kup, n. the buttercup or upright meadow crowfoot. KINGDOM, king'dum, n. the state or at- | tributes of a king: the territory of a king: government: a region : one of the three grand divisions of Nat. Hist., as the animal, vegetable, or mineral. KINGFISHER, king'fish-er, n. a bird with very brilliant or kingly plumage, which feeds on fish, the halcyon. KINGLET, king let, n. a little or petty king: the golden-crested wren. KINGLY, king'li, adj. belonging or suitable to a king royal: noble.-adv. KING'LY. -n. KING'LINESS. KING'S BENCH, kingz' bensh, n. the bench or seat of the king: one of the high courts of law, so called because the king used to sit there, called Queen's Bench during a queen's reign. KING'S-EVIL, kingz'-e'vl, n. a scrofulous disease or evil formerly supposed to be healed by the touch of the king. KINSFOLK, kinz'fōk, n., folk or people kindred or related to one another. KINSMAN, kinz'man, n. a man of the same kin or race with another :-fem. KINS' WOMAN. KIOSK, ki-osk', n. an Eastern garden pavilion. [Turk. kieuchk.] KIPPER, kip'er, n. a salmon in the state of spawning a salmon split open, seasoned, and dried.-v.t. to cure or preserve, as a salmon. [Lit. spawner--Dut. kippen, to hatch, to seize; Norw. kippa.] KIRK, kerk, n. in Scotland, a church.~ [Á Northern E. form of CHURCH.] KIRTLE, ker'tl, n. a sort of gown or outer petticoat: a mantle. [A.S. cyrtel; Dan. kiortel; Ice. kyrtill; perh. conn. with SKIRT and SHIRT.] Q 257 KISS, kis, v.t. to salute by touching with the lips: to treat with fondness: to touch gently.-v.i. to salute with the lips.-n. a salute with the lips.-n. KISS'ER. [A.S. cyssan, to kiss, coss, a kiss; Ger. küssen, Dan. kys; allied to CHOOSE.] KIT, kit, n. a small wooden tub: a soldier's outfit. [Dut. kit, kitte, a hooped beercan.] KIT, kit, n. a small pocket violin. [Contracted from A.S. cytere; see CITHERN; GUITAR.] KITCAT, kit'kat, adj the name of a London club in the reign of Queen Anne, which met at the house of Christopher Kat: a portrait 28 by 36 inches in size, so called from the portraits of the Kitcat | Club painted by Sir G. Kneller. KITCHEN, kich'en, n. a room where food is cooked: a utensil with a stove for dressing food, etc. [A.S. cicen; Ger. küche, Fr. cuisine, all from L. coquina― coquor, to cook.] KITCHEN-GARDEN, kich'en-gär'dn, n. a garden where vegetables are cultivated for the kitchen. KITCHEN-MAID, kich'en-mād, n. a maid or servant whose work is in the kitchen. KITE, kit, n. a rapacious bird of the hawk kind: a rapacious person: a paper toy for flying in the air. [A.S. cyta; cf. W. cúd, Bret. kidel, a hawk.] KITTEN, kit'n, n. a young cat.-v.i. to | bring forth young cats. [M. E. kyton, dim. of CAT, Scot. kitling; L. catulus, a whelp.] KLEPTOMANIA, klep-to-ma'ni-a, n. a mania for stealing a morbid impulse to secrete things. [Gr. kleptō, to steal, and mania, madness.] KLICK. Same as CLICK. KNACK, nak, n. a petty contrivance: a toy a nice trick: dexterity._[Orig. an imitative word; cf. Gael. cnac, Dut. knak, a crack, Ger. knacken, to crack.] KNACKER, nak'er, n. a dealer in old horses and dog's-meat. [From Ice. knakkr, a saddle.] KNAG, nag, n. a knot in wood: a peg. [From a root found in Dan. knag, Ger. knagge, Ir. and Gael. cnag, a knot in wood, a knob.] KNAGGY, nag'i, adj., knotty: rugged. KNAP, nap, (obs.) v.t. to snap or break with a snapping noise:-pr.p. knapp'ing; pa.p. knapped'. [Perh. from Dut. knappen, to crack or crush; but cf. Celtic root cnap.] KNAPSACK, nap'sak, n. a provision-sack: a case for necessaries borne by soldiers and travellers. [Dut. knappen, to crack, eat, and zak, a sack.] KNAVE, nāv, n. a false, deceitful fellow : a villain a card bearing the picture of a servant or soldier.-n. KNAV'ERY, dishonesty. [A.S. cnafa, cnapa, a boy, a youth, Ger. knabe, knappe, Gael. Inapach.] KNAVISH, nāv'ish, adj. fraudulent: villainous.-adv. KNAV'ISHLY. KNEAD, ned, v.t. to work and press together into a mass, as flour into dough. -n. KNEAD'ER. [A.S. cnedan; Ice. knoda, Ger. kneten, to knead.] KNEADING-TROUGH, nēd'ing-truf, n. a trough for kneading. KNEE, nē, n. the joint between the thigh and shin bones: a piece of timber like a bent knee. [A.S. cneow, cneo; Ger. knie, L. genu, Gr. gonu, Sans. jânu.] KNEED, nēd, adj., having knees: (bot.) having angular joints like the knee. KNEEL, nēl, v.i. to bend the knee: to rest or fall on the knee :-pa.t. and pa.p. kneeled', knelt. [Formed from KNEE.] KNELL, nel, n. the stroke of a bell: the sound of a bell at a death or funeral.— KNOT v.i. to sound as a bell toll. [A.S. cnyl lan, to beat noisily; Sw. and Ger. knall, loud noise; Ice. gnella, to scream, Low L. nola, a bell.] KNEW, nu, past tense of KNOW. KNICKERBOCKERS, nik-er-bok'erz, n.pl. loose breeches gathered in at the knee. [From the wide-breeched Dutchmen in Knickerbocker's" (Washington Irving's) humorous History of New York.] KNICK-KNACK, nik'-nak, n. a trifle or toy. [A doubling of KNACK.] KNIFE, nif, n. an instrument for cutting: a sword or dagger :-pl. KNIVES, nivz. [A.S. cnif; Ger. kneif, knife, kneifen, to nip.] KNIFE-EDGE, nif'-ej, n. (mech.) a sharp piece of steel like a knife's edge serving as the axis of a balance, etc. KNIGHT, nīt, n. a man-at-arms: champion: one admitted in feudal times to a certain military rank: the rank of gentlemen next below baronets: a piece used in the game of chess.-v.t. to create a knight.-adj. and adv. KNIGHT'LY. -KNIGHT OF THE SHIRE, a member of parliament for a county. [Lit. a youth, a servant, A.S. cniht; Ger. and Dut. knecht, Dan. knegt, a servant.] KNIGHT-ERRANT, nit-er'ant, n. a knight who travelled in search of adventures.n. KNIGHT-ERR'ANTRY. KNIGHTHOOD, nīt'hood, n. the character or privilege of a knight: the order or fraternity of knights. KNIGHT-MARSHAL, nīt-mär'shal, n. an officer of the royal household. KNIGHT-SERVICE, nit-ser'vis, n. tenure by a knight on condition of military ser vice. KNIT, nit, v.t. to form into a knot: to tie together to unite into network by needles to cause to grow together: to unite closely to draw together, to contract.-v.i. to interweave with needles: to grow together:-pr.p. knitt'ing; pa.t. and pa.p. knitt'ed or knit.-n. KNITT′ER. [A.S. cnyttan; from A.S. cnotta, a knot.] KNITTING, nit'ing, n. the work of a knitter: union, junction: the network formed by knitting. KNIVES, plural of KNIFE. KNOB, nob, n. a hard protuberance: a hard swelling a round ball. [A later form of KNOP.] KNOBBED, nobd, adj. containing or set with knobs. KNOBBY, nob'i, adj. full of knobs: knotty. -n. KNOBB'INESS. KNOCK, nok, v.i. to strike with something hard or heavy to drive or be driven against to strike for admittance: to rap.-v.t. to strike: to drive against.-n. a sudden stroke: a rap. [A.S. cnucian -Gael. and Ir. cnag, a crack; Ger. knacken, to crack or snap, like KNACK and CRACK, orig. imitative of the sound.] KNOCKER, nok'er, n. the hammer suspended to a door for making a knock. KNOCK-KNEED, nok'-ned, adj. having knees that knock or touch in walking. [KNOCK and KNEE.] KNOLL, nōl, n. a round hillock the top of a hill. [A.S. cnol; Ger. knollen, a knob, lump; perh. a dim. of Gael. cnoc, a hill.] KNOLL, nōl. Same as KNELL. KNOP, nop, n. (B.) a knob, a bud. [A.S. cnæp; Dut. knop, Ger. knopf; conn. with and perh. derived from the Celt., as Gael спар.] KNOT, not, n. a wading bird much resembling a snipe, said in Drayton's Polyolbion to be named from king Canute, with whom it was a favorite article of food. KNOT, not, n. anything confusedly fastened or twisted, as threads, etc.: a figure KNOT-GRASS the lines of which are interlaced: a bond of union: a difficulty: a cluster: the part of a tree where a branch shoots out an epaulet: pad for supporting burdens carried on the head: (naut.) a division of the log-line, a mile.-v.t. to tie in a knot to unite closely.-v.i. to form knots or joints: to knit knots for a fringe-pr.p. knott'ing; pa.t. and pa.p. knotted. [A.S. cnotta; Ger. knoten, Dan. knude, L. nodus for gnodus.] KNOT-GRASS, not'-gras, n. a common weed or grass, so called from the joints or knots of its stem. KNOTTY, not'i, adj. containing knots: hard, rugged: difficult, intricate.-n. KNOTT'INESS. KNOUT, nowt, n. a whip formerly used as an instrument of punishment in Russia: punishment inflicted by the knout. [Russ. knute.] KNOW, no, v.t. to be informed of: to be assured of: to be acquainted with: to recognize: (B.) to approve:-pr.p. know'ing; pa.t. knew (nu); pa.p. known (nōn).—n. KNOW'ABLENESS. [A.S. cnawan; Ice. kna, Russ. znate, L. nosco for gnosco, Gr. gignõsko, Sans. jna.] KNOWING, no'ing, adj. intelligent: skillful: cunning.-adv. KNOW'INGLY. KNOWLEDGE, nol'ej, n. assured belief: that which is known: information, instruction: enlightenment, learning: practical skill. [M.E. knowleche, where-leche is the Northern form of the suffix in wedlock, being A.S. lac, gift, sport. See LARK, a game.] KNUCKLE, nuk'l, n. projecting joint of the fingers: (cook.) the knee-joint of a calf or pig.-v.i. to bend the fingers: to yield. [M.E. knokil; prob. from a (not found) A.S. form, like Dut. and Dan. knokel.] KOBOLD, kō'bold, n. same as GOBLIN. KOPECK, kō'pek, n. a Russian copper coin about the size of a cent. KORAN, ko'ran, n. the Mohammedan Scriptures: Alcoran. [Lit. reading, the book-Ar. quran, reading-root gara-a, he read.] KRAAL, kräl, n. a Hottentot village or hut, so named by the Dutch settlers from the huts being arranged like a coral, or string of beads. KRAKEN, krā'ken, n. a fabled sea-animal of enormous size. [Scand.] KREATIN, KREOSOTE. See CREATIN, CREOSOTE. KREESE. See CREASE, a Malay dagger. KYANIZE, ki'an-iz, v.t. to preserve wood from dry-rot by immersing it in a solution of corrosive sublimate. [Kyan, the inventor.] KYRIE, kir'i-ē, n. (lit.) O Lord: the first word of all masses: (music) a part of a mass. [Voc. case of Gr. kyrios, Lord.] KYTHE, kith (Scot.), v.t. to make known. -v.i. to show one's self, to appear. [Scot. -A.S. cythan, to make known. See UNCOUTH.] L LA, lä, int., lo! see! behold! ah! indeed! [A.S.] LABARUM, lab'a-rum, n. a Roman military standard, adopted as the imperial standard after Constantine's conversion. It bore the Greek letters XP (Chr), joined in a monogram, to signify the name of Christ [Gr.] LABEL, label, n. a small slip of writing affixed to anything to denote its contents, ownership, etc.: (law) a paper annexed to a will, as a codicil: (her.) a fillet with 258 pendants: (arch.) the dripstone over a Gothic window or doorway arch.-v.t. to affix a label to:-pr.p. la'belling; pa.t. and pa.p. la'belled. [O. Fr. label (Fr. lambeau); perh. from Ŏ. Ger. lappa (Ger. lappen).] LABELLUM, la-bel'um, n. the lower petal of a flower, esp. an orchis. [L. dim. of labium, a lip.] LABIAL, la'bi-al, adj. pertaining to the lips: formed by the lips.-n. a sound formed by the lips: a letter representing such a sound as b, p.-adv. LA'BIALLY. [Fr.-L. labium, a lip. See LIP.] LABIATE, la'bi-at, LABIATED, la bi-at-ed, adj. (bot.) having two unequal divisions, as in the monopetalous corolla of the mints. [See LABIAL.] LABIODENTAL, la-bi-o-dent'al, adj. pronounced both by the lips and teeth. [L. labium, a lip, DENTAL.] LABORATORY, lab'or-a-tor-i, n. a chemist's workroom: a place where scientific experiments are systematically carried on a place for the manufacture of arms and war-material: a place where anything is prepared for use. [L. laborarelabor, work.] LABOR, la'bur, n. toil or exertion, esp. when fatiguing: work: pains: duties: a task requiring hard work: the pangs of childbirth.-v.i. to undergo labor: to work to take pains: to be oppressed: to move slowly to be in travail (naut.) to pitch and roll heavily. [Fr. labeurL. labor.] LABORED, la'burd, adj. bearing marks of labor or effort in the execution. LABORER, lā'bur-er, n. one who labors: one who does work requiring little skill. LABORIOUS, la-bo'ri-us, adj. full of labor : toilsome wearisome: devoted to labor: industrious.-adv. LABOʻRIOUSLY.-n. LaBO'RIOUSNESS. [Fr. laborieux-L. laboriosus-labor.] LABURNUM, la-bur'num, n. a small tree with beautiful yellow flowers, a native of the Alps. [L.] LABYRINTH, lab'i-rinth, n. (orig.) a building consisting of halls connected by intricate passages: a place full of inextricable windings: an inexplicable difficulty: (anat.) the cavities of the internal ear. [Fr. labyrinthe - L. labyrinthus — Gr. labyrinthos; akin to laura, a passage.] LABYRINTHIAN, lab-i-rinth'i-an, LABYRINTHINE, lab-i-rinth'in, adj. pertaining to or like a labyrinth: winding: intricate perplexing. LABYRINTHIFORM, lab-i-rinth'i-form, adj. having the form of a labyrinth: intricate. LAC, lak, n. the term used in the E. Indies for 100,000, primarily applied to money. At the exchange of 50c. for the rupee, a lac-$50,000. [Hind. lak, Sans. laksha, 100,000, a mark.] LAC, lak, n. a resinous substance, produced on trees in the East by the lac insect, used in dyeing. [Pers. lak; Sans. laksha-ranj, to dye.] LACE, lās, n. a plated string for fastening: an ornamental fabric of fine thread curiously woven.-v.t. to fasten with a lace to adorn with lace. [Fr. lacer, to lace-L. laqueus, a noose.] LACERABLE, las'er-a-bl, adj. that may be lacerated or torn. LACERATE, las'er-at, v.t. to tear: to rend to wound: to afflict. [L. lacero, -atum, to tear-lacer, torn; akin to Gr. lakis and rakos, a rent.] LACERATION, las-er-a'shun, n. act of lacerating or tearing: the rent or breach made by tearing. LACERATIVE, las'er-a-tiv, adj., tearing: having power to tear. LADE LACHRYMAL, lak'ri-mal, adj. pertaining to tears secreting or conveying tears.n. same as LACHRYMATORY. [L. lachryma (properly lacrima), a tear; akin to Gr. dakru, E. TEAR.] LACHRYMARY, lak'ri-mar-i, adj. containing tears. LACHRYMATORY, lak'ri-ma-tor-i, n. a vessel anciently interred with a deceased person, symbolizing the tears shed for his foss. [Low L. lacrymatorium-lachryma.] LACHRYMOSE, lak'ri-mōs, adj. full of tears: generating or shedding tears.— adv. LACH'RYMOSELY. LACING, las'ing, n. a fastening with a lace or cord through eyelet-holes: a cord used in fastening. LACK, lak, v.t. and v.i. to want: to be in want to be destitute of.-n. want: destitution. [From an O. Low Ger. root found in Dut. lak, blemish; Ice. lakr, defective; akin to LAX and SLACK.] LACKADAISICAL, lak-a-da'zi-kal, adj. affectedly pensive, sentimental. [Alacka-day. See ALACK.] LACK-A-DAY, lak-a-da', int. see ALACK A-DAY. LACKER. See LACQUER. LACKEY, lak'i, n. a menial attendant: a footman or footboy.-v.t. and v.i. to pay servile attendance: to act as a footman. [O. Fr. laquay, Fr. laquais-Sp. lacayo, a lackey; of uncertain origin, perh. Arab.] LACONIC, la-kon'ik, LACONICAL, la-kon'ik-al, adj. expressing in few words after the manner of the Lacones or Spartans : concise pithy.-adv. LACON'ICALLY. [L. -Gr. Lakonikos-Lakōn, a Laconian.] LACONISM, lak'on-izm, LACONICISM, lakon'i-sizm, n. a laconic or concise style: a short, pithy phrase. LACQUER, LACKER, lak'er, n. a varnish made of lac and alcohol.-v.t. to cover with lacquer to varnish. [Fr. laqueLAC.] LACQUERER, lak'er-er, n. one who varnishes or covers with lacquer. LACTATION, lak-ta'shun, n. the act of giving milk: the period of suckling. [See LACTEAL.] LACTEAL, lak'te-al, adj. pertaining to or resembling milk: conveying chyle.-n. one of the absorbent vessels of the intestines which convey the chyle to the thoracic ducts. [L. lac, lactis, akin to Gr. gala, galaktos, milk.] LACTESCENT, lak-tes'ent, adj. turning to milk producing milk or white juice: milky.-n. LACTES'CENCE. [L. lactesco, to turn to milk-lac.] LACTIC, lak'tik, adj. pertaining to milk.LACTIC ACID, an acid obtained from milk. LACTIFEROUS, lak-tif'er-us, adj. producing milk or white juice. [L. lac, and fero, to bear.] LACUNA, la-ku'na, n. a gap or hiatus. [L.] LACUSTRAL, la-kus'tral, LACUSTRINE, la-kus'trin, adj. pertaining to lakes. [From L. lacus, a lake.] LAD, lad, n. a boy : a youth :-fem. LASS. [W. llawd; Ir. lath, a youth, champion, perh. cognate with Goth. lauths, from liudan, to grow, and so akin to Ger. lode or latte, a shoot.] LADANUM, lad'a-ñum, n. a resinous exudation from the leaves of a shrub growing round the Mediterranean. [L.-Gr. lēd anon-Pers. ladan. See LAUDANUM.] LADDER, lad'er, n. a frame made with steps placed between two upright pieces, by which one may ascend a building, etc.: anything by which one ascends: a gradual rise. [A.S. hlæder; O. Ger. hleitra, Ger. leiter.] LADE, lad, v.t. a form of LOAD. [See LOAD.] LADE LADE, lad, v.t. to throw in or out, as a fluid, with a ladle or dipper. [A.S. hladan.] LADEN, lād'n, adj., laded or loaded: oppressed. LADING, lad'ing, n. that which lades or loads: load cargo: freight. [See LOAD.] LADLE, lad'l, n. a large spoon for lading or lifting out liquid from a vessel: the receptacle of a mill-wheel which receives the water that turns it. [See LADE, to throw in or out.] LADY, la'di, n. the mistress of a house : a wife a title of the wives of knights, and all degrees above them, and of the daughters of earls and all higher ranks: a title of complaisance to any woman of refined manners. [A.S. hlæf-dige—hlæf, a loaf, bread, and dægee, a kneader, and thus lit. a bread-kneader, or hlafweardige (i.e. loaf-keeper, bread-distributer, see WARD), and thus a contr. fem. of LORD.] LADYBIRD, la'di-berd, n. a genus of little beetles, usually of a brilliant red or yellow color, called also Ladybug, Ladycow. [Lit. "Our Lady's" bug; LADY Mary, and BIRD, a corruption of BUG.] LADY-CHAPEL, la'di-chap'el, n. a chapel dedicated to "Our Lady," the Virgin Mary. = Virgin LADYDAY, la'di-da, n. the 25th March, the day of the Annunciation of "Our Lady," the Virgin Mary. LADYFERN, la'di-fern, n. one of the prettiest varieties of British ferns. LADYLIKE, lā'di-līk, adj., like a lady in manners: soft, delicate. LADYLOVE, la'di-luv, n. a lady or woman loved: a sweetheart. LADYSHIP, la'di-ship, n. the title of a lady. [See LADY.] LAG, lag, adj., slack: sluggish: coming behind.-n. he who or that which comes behind the fag-end.-v.i. to move or walk slowly to loiter:-pr.p. lagg'ing; pa.p. lagged'. [From the Celt., as in W. llag, loose, sluggish, Gael. lag, feeble; akin to Gr. lagaros, slack, L. laxus, loose.] LAGGARD, lag'ard, adj., lagging: slow: backward. LAGGARD, lag'ard, LAGGER, lager, n. one who lags or stays behind: a loiterer: an idler. LAGGINGLY, lag'ing-li, adv. in a lagging manner. LAGOON, LAGUNE, la-gōōn', n. a shallow lake or pond into which the sea flows. [It. laguna-L. lacuna, from root of LAKE.] LAIC, LAICAL. See LAY, adj. LAIR, lar, n. a lying-place, esp. the den or retreat of a wild beast. [A.S. leger, a couch-licgan, to lie down; Dut. leger, Ger. lager.] LAITY, la'i-ti, n. the people as distinct from the clergy. [See LAY, LAIC.] LAKE, lāk, n. a color like lac, generally of a deep red. [Fr. laque. See LAC, a resinous substance.] LAKE, lāk, n. a large body of water within land.-LAKE DWELLINGS were settlements in prehistoric times, which were built on piles driven into a lake, and of which many remains have bee. discovered in late years. [A.S. lac-L. lacus, akin to Gr. lakkos, a pit, a pond.] LAKELET, lak'let, n. a little lake. LAKH, n. See LAC, term used for 100,000. LAKY, lāk'i, adj. pertaining to a lake or lakes. LAMA, n. an animal. See LLAMA. 259 vailing in Tibet and Mongolia, a development of Buddhism, the object of worship being the Grand Lama. LAMB, lam, n. the young of a sheep: one innocent and gentle as a lamb: the Saviour of the world.-v.i. to bring forth young, as sheep. [A.S.] LAMBENT, lam'bent, adj. moving about as if licking, or touching lightly: playing about: gliding over flickering. [L. lambens-lambo, to lick.] LAMBKIN, lam'kin, n. a little lamb. LAMBLIKE, lam'lik, adj. like a lamb: gentle. LAME, lām, adj. disabled in the limbs: hobbling unsatisfactory: imperfect.v.t. to make lame : to cripple: to render imperfect.adv. LAME'LY.-n. LAME'NESS. [A.S. lama, lame; Ice. lami, broken, enfeebled, from lama, to break.] LAMENT, la-ment', v.i. to utter grief in outcries: to wail: to mourn.-v.t. to mourn for: to deplore.-n. sorrow expressed in cries: an elegy or mournful ballad. [Fr. lamenter-L. lamentor, akin to clamo, to cry out.] LAMENTABLE, lam'ent-a-bl, adj. deserving or expressing sorrow: sad: pitiful, despicable.-adv. LAM'ENTABLY. LAMENTATION, lam-en-ta'shun, n. act of lamenting: audible expression of grief: wailing :—pl. (B.) a book of Jeremiah, so called from its contents. LAMENTINGLY, la-ment'ing-li, adv., with lamentation. LAMINA, lam'i-na, n. a thin plate: a thin layer or coat lying over another :-pl. LAMINE, lam'i-nē.-adj. LAM'INABLE. [L.] LAMİNAR, lam'i-nar, adj. in laminæ or thin plates consisting of or resembling thin plates. LAMINATE, lam'i-nāt, LAMINATED, lam'i-nāt-ed, adj. in lamina or thin plates consisting of scales or layers, one over another.-n. LAMINATION, the arrangement of stratified rocks in thin laminæ or layers. LAMINIFEROUS, lam-in-if'er-us, adj. consisting of laminæ or layers. [L. lamina, and fero, to bear.] LAMISH, lam'ish, adj. a little lame: hobbling. LAMMAS, lam'as, n., loaf-mass or feast of first-fruits, on 1st August. [A.S. hlafmæsse and hlammæsse-hlaf, loaf, and mæsse, feast.] LAMP, lamp, n. a vessel for burning oil with a wick, and so giving light: a light | of any kind. [Fr. lampe-Gr. lampaslampo, to shine.] LAMPBLACK, lamp'blak, n. the black sub stance formed by the smoke of a lamp: a fine soot formed of the smoke of pitch, etc. LAMPOON, lam-pōōn', n. a personal satire in writing low censure.-v.t. to assail with personal satire: to satirize :-pr.p. lampōōn'ing; pa.p. lampōōned'. [Ó. Fr. lampon, orig. a drinking-song, with the refrain lampons-let us drink-lamper (or laper, to lap), to drink.] LAMPOONER, lam-põōn'er, n. one who writes a lampoon, or abuses with personal satire. LAMPOONRY, lam-pōōn'ri, n. practice of lampooning: written personal abuse or satire. LAMPREY, lam'pre, n. a genus of cartilaginous fishes resembling the eel, so called from their attaching themselves to rocks or stones by their mouths. [Fr. lamproie -Low L. lampreda, lampetra-L. lambo, to lick, and petra, rock.] LANCE, lans, n. a long shaft of wood, with a spear-head, and bearing a small flag.v.t. to pierce with a lance: to open with LAND-TAX a lancet. [Fr.-L. lancea, akin to Gr. longche, a lance.] LANCEOLATE, lan'se-o-lat, LANCEOLATED, lan'se-o-lāt-ed, adj. (bot.) having the form of a lance-head: tapering toward both ends. [L. lanceolatuslanceola, dim. of lancea.] LANCER, lan'ser, n. name given to a kind of cavalry armed with a lance :-pl. a kind of dance. LANCET, lan'set, n. a surgical instrument used for opening veins, etc.: a high and narrow window, pointed like a lance. [Fr. lancette, dim. of lance.] LANCH. Same as LAUNCH. LAND, land, n. earth, the solid portion of the surface of the globe: a country: a district: soil: real estate: a nation or people.-v.t. to set on land or on shore. v.i. to come on land or on shore. [A.S.; found in all the Teut. languages.] LANDAU, lan'daw, n. a coach or carriage with a top which may be opened and thrown back, so called from Landau in Germany. LANDBREEZE, land'brêz, n. a breeze setting from the land towards the sea. LANDCRAB, land'krab, n. a family of LANDFLOOD, land'flud, n. a flooding or crabs which live much or chiefly on land. overflowing of land by water: inundation. LANDFORCE, land'fōrs, n. a military force serving on land, as distinguished from a naval force. LANDGRAVE, land'grāv, n. a German earl.-ns. LANDGRA VIATE, the territory of a landgrave, LANDGRAVINE, land'gravēn, the wife of a landgrave. [Lit. "land-earl," LAND, and Ger. graf, earl, fem. gräfin.] LANDHOLDER, land'hōld-er, n. a holder or proprietor of land. LANDING, land'ing, n. act of going on land from a vessel: a place for getting on shore the level part of a staircase between the flights of steps.-adj. relating to the unloading of a vessel's cargo. LANDLADY, land'la-di, n. a lady or wo man who has property in lands or houses: the mistress of an inn or lodging-house. LANDLOCK, land'lok, v.t. to lock or inclose by land. LANDLORD, landlord, n. the lord or own er of land or houses: the master of an inn or lodging-house. LAND-LUBBER, land'-lub'er, n. a landsman, a term used by sailors. LANDMARK, land'märk, n. anything serving to mark the boundaries of land: any object on land that serves as a guide to seamen. LANDRAIL, land'ral, n. the crake or corncrake, so named from its cry. [LAND and RAIL.] LANDSCAPE, land'skap, n. the shape or appearance of that portion of land which the eye can at once view: the aspect of a country, or a picture representing it. [Borrowed from the Dutch artists, Dut. landschap, lit. the form or fashion of the land, from land and -schap, a suffix= A.S. -scipe, and the mod. E. -ship.] LANDSLIP, land'slip, n. a portion of land that falls down, generally from the side of a hill, usually due to the undermin ing effect of water. LANDSMAN, landz' man, LANDMAN, land'man, n. a man who lives or serves on land one inexperienced in sea-faring. LAND-STEWARD, land' - stū'ard, n. a steward or person who manages a landed estate. LAND-TAX, land'-taks,n. a tax upon land. LAND-WAITER LAND-WAITER, land'-wat'er, n. a custom-house officer who waits or attends on the landing of goods from ships. [LAND and WAITER.] LANDWARD, land'ward, adv. towards the land.-adj. lying toward the land, away from the seacoast: situated in or forming part of the country, as opposed to the town: rural. LANE, lan, n. an open space between corn-fields, hedges, etc.: a narrow passage or road: a narrow street. [A.S. lane; Scot. loan, North E. lonnin, Dut. laan.] LANGUAGE, lang'gwaj, n. that which is spoken by the tongue: human speech: speech peculiar to a nation: style or expression peculiar to an individual: diction: any manner of expressing thought. [Fr. langage-langue-L. lingua (old form dingua), the tongue, akin to L. lingo, Gr. leichō, Sans. lih, to lick.] LANGUID, lang'gwid, adj., slack or feeble: flagging: exhausted: sluggish: spiritless. adv. LAN'GUIDLY. -n. LAN'GUIDNESS. [L. languidus-langueo, to be weak, conn. with LAG.] LANGUISH, lang'gwish, v.i. to become languid or enfeebled: to lose strength and animation: to pine: to become dull, as of trade. [Fr. languir—L. languesco— langueo.] LANGUISHINGLY, lang'gwish-ing-li, adv. in a languishing, weak, dull, or tender manner. LANGUISHMENT, lang'gwish-ment, n. the act or state of languishing: tenderness of look. LANGUOR, lang'gwur, n. state of being languid or faint: dullness: listlessness: softness. LANIARD. Same as LANYARD. LANIFEROUS, lan-if'er-us, LANIGEROUS, lan-ij'er-us, adj., wool-bearing. [L. lanifer, laniger-lana, wool, and fero, gero, to bear.] LANK, langk, adj. (lit.) faint or weak: languid or drooping: soft or loose: thin. -adv. LANK'LY.-n. LANK'NESS. [A.S. hlanc; Dut. slank, Ger. schlank, slender, conn. with LAG and SLACK.] LANSQUENET, lans'ke-net, n. a German foot-soldier: a game at cards. [Fr.— Ger. landsknecht-land, country, and knecht, a soldier.] LANTERN, lant'ern, n. a case for holding or carrying a light: a drum-shaped erection surmounting a dome to give light and to crown the fabric: the upper square cage which illuminates a corridor or gallery.-v.t. to furnish with a lantern. [Fr. lanterne-L. lanterna-Gr. lamptēr -lampo, to give light.] LANTHORN, n. an obsolete spelling of LANTERN, arising from the use of horn for the sides of lanterns. LANYARD, LANIARD, lan'yard, n. the lanyards are short ropes used on board ship for fastening or stretching. [Fr. lanière, perh. from L. lanarius, made of wool-lana, wool.] LAP, lap, v.t. or v.i. to lick up with the tongue :—pr.p. lapp'ing ; pa.t. and pa.p. lapped'. [A.S lapian; Fr. laper, Gr. lapto, allied to L. lambo, Sans. lih, to lick.] LAP, lap, n. the loose or overhanging flap of anything: the part of the clothes lying on the knees when a person sits down: the part of the body thus covered: a fold. -v.t. to lay over or on.-v.i. to be spread on or over to be turned over or upon. [A.S. lappa, a loosely hanging part; Ice. lapa, to hang loose, Ger. lappen, anything hanging loose; conn. with FLAP.] LAP, lap, v.t. to wrap, fold, involve. [M.E. wlappen, being a form of WRAP. See ENVELOPE.] 260 | LATCHET LARKSPUR, lärk'spur, n. a plant with showy flowers. LAPEL, la-pel', n. the part of the breast | LARK, lärk, n. a game, frolic. [A.S. lac, of a coat which folds over like a lap.- which appears as suffix in know-ledge, adj. LAPELLED'. [Dim. of LAP.] and wed-lock.] LAPFUL, lap'fool, n. as much as fills a lap. LAPIDARY, lap'i-dar-i, adj. pertaining to the cutting of stones.-n. a cutter of stones, esp. precious stones: a dealer in precious stones. [L. lapidarius-lapis, lapidis, a stone.] LAPIDESCENT, lap-id-es'ent, adj. becoming stone having the quality of petrifying or turning to stone.-n. LAPIDES'CENCE. [L. lapidesco, to become_stone.] LAPIDIFY, la-pid'i-fi, v.t. to make into stone.-v.i. to turn into stone:-pr.p. lapid'ifying; pa.p. lapid'ified.-n. LAPIDIFICATION. [L. lapis, and facio, to make.] LAPIDIST, lap'id-ist, n. Same as LAPI DARY. LAPPER, lap'er, n. one who laps, wraps, or folds. LAPPET, lap'et, n. a little lap or flap.adj. LAPP'ETED. [Dim. of LAP.] LAPSE, laps, v.i. to slip or glide: to pass by degrees: to fall from the faith or from virtue to fail in duty: to pass to another proprietor by the negligence of a patron, etc.: to become void. -n. a slipping or falling: a failing in duty: a fault: a gliding, a passing. [L. labor, lapsus, to slip or fall, akin to LAP and FLAP. LAPWING, lap'wing, n. the name of a bird of the plover family, also called peewit, from its peculiar cry. [M.E. lappewinke -A.S. hleapewince-hleapan, to leap or run, and root of wink, which like Ger. wanken orig. meant to move from side to side; the name is descriptive of the movement of the bird.] LAR, lär, n. among the ancient Romans, a household god, supposed to be animated by the soul of a deceased ancestor :-pl. LARES, la'rēz. [L.] LARBOARD, lär'bōrd, n. an obsolete naval term for the left side of a ship looking from the stern, now substituted by the term port, to prevent the mistakes caused by its resemblance in sound to starboard.-adj. pertaining to the larboard side. [Ety. dub.] LARCENIST, lär'sen-ist, n. one who commits larceny: a thief. LARCENY, lär'sen-i, n. the legal term for stealing theft. [Fr. larcin-L. latrocinium-latro, Gr. latris, a robber.] LARCH, lärch, n. a cone-bearing kind of pine-tree. [L. and Gr. larix.] LARD, lärd, n. the melted fat of swine. v.t. to smear with lard: to stuff with bacon or pork: to fatten: to mix with anything. [Fr.-L. laridum or lardum; akin to Fr. larinos, fat-laros, sweet or dainty.] LARDACEOUS, lärd-ā'shus, adj. of or like lard. LARDER, lärd'er, n. a room or place where meat, etc., is kept. [Lit. a place where lard is kept.] LARDY, lärd'i, adj. containing lard: full of lard. LARGE, lärj, adj. great in size: extensive: bulky wide: long: abundant. — adv. LARGE'LY.-n. LARGE'NESS.-AT LARGE, without restraint or confinement: fully. [Fr.-L. largus.] LARGE-HEARTED, lärj'-härt'ed, adj. having a large heart or liberal disposition: generous. LARGESS, lärj'es, n. a present or donation. [Fr. largesse-L. largitio—largior, to give freely-largus.] LARIAT, lär'i-at, n. a lasso. [Sp.] LARK, lärk, n. a well-known singing-bird. -v.t. to catch larks. [Scot. and M. E. laverock-A.S. lawerce; Dut. leeuwerik, lercke, Ger. lerche.] LARUM, lar'um, n., alarm: a noise giving notice of danger. [A contr. of ALARM.] LARVA, lär'va, n. an insect in its first stage after issuing from the egg, i.e. in the caterpillar state-pl. LARVÆ (lär'vē).-adj. LAR'VAL. [L. larva, a spectre, a mask, a fanciful name applied to the caterpillar, because it hides as in a mask its higher life.] LARYNGITIS, lar-in-ji'tis, n. inflammation of the larynx. a LARYNGOSCOPE, la-ring'go-skōp, n. kind of reflecting mirror for examining the larynx and the throat. [Gr. larynx, and skopeo, to behold.] LARYNX, lar'ingks or lar'ingks, n. the upper part of the windpipe: the throat. -adjs. LARYNGEAL, LARYN'GEAN. [Gr. larynx, laryngos.] LASCAR, las'kar, n. a native East Indian sailor. [Hind.-Pers. lashkar, an army, from which lashkari, a camp-follower.] LASCIVIOUS, las-siv'i-us, adj. lustful: tending to produce lustful emotions.adv. LASCIVIOUSLY.-n. LASCIV'IOUSNESS. [L. lascivus; Sans. lash, to desire.] LASH, lash, n. a thong or cord: the flexible part of a whip: a stroke with a whip or anything pliant: a stroke of satire, a sharp retort.-v.t. to strike with a lash: to whip to dash against to fasten or secure with a rope or cord: to censure severely to scourge with sarcasm or satire.-v.i. to use the whip: to attack severely. [From a Teut. root, seen in O. Low Ger. laske, a flap, Ger. lasche, a stripe or flap, influenced perh. by Fr. forms from L. laqueus, a snare, and laxus, loose.] : LASHER, lash'er, n. one who lashes or whips. LASHING, lash'ing, n. a whipping with a lash: a chastisement: a rope for making anything fast. LASS, las, n. (fem. of LAD) a girl, esp. a country girl. [Prob. a contr. of laddess, formed from LAD; or directly from W. llodes, fem. of lawd, a LAD.] LASSITUDE, las'i-tūd, n., faintness: weakness: weariness: languor. [Fr.-L. lassitudo-lassus, faint; akin to LANGUID.] LASSO, las'ō, n. a rope with a noose for catching wild horses, etc.:-pl. Lass'os. -v.t. to catch with the lasso:-pr.p. lass'õing; pa.p. lass'õed. [Port. laço, Sp. lazo L laqueus, a noose. LATCH.] See LAST, last, n. a wooden mould of the foot on which boots and shoes are made.-v.t. to fit with a last. [A.S. last, Goth. laists, a footmark.] LAST, last, v.i. to continue, endure. [Same word as above, and lit. meaning to follow a trace or footmark, and so to follow out, to continue.] LAST, last, n. a weight generally estimated at 4000 lbs., but varying in different articles: a ship's cargo. [A.S. hlæsthladan, to load; Ger. last, Ice. hlass.] LAST, last, adj., latest: coming after all the others: final: next before the present utmost meanest-advs. LAST, LASTLY. [A contr. of LATEST.] LASTINGLY, last'ing-li, adv. in a lasting or enduring manner. LATCH, lach, n. a small piece of wood or iron to fasten a door.-v.t. to fasten with a latch. [A.S. læccan, to catch; akin to L. laqueus. See LACE.] LATCHET, lach'et, n. a lace or buckle for fastening a shoe. [Dim. of LATCH.] |