armament will be in readiness to put to sea in the course of a few days.

As it is of the utmost importance that the object of this expedition should not transpire, and lest the enemy should be apprised of your approach, the troops at Cork, have been directed to embark under your command for the Mediterranean, the India fleet has been ordered to proceed at once to India. Both fleets will sail with these ostensible destinations; but having sealed orders, to be opened at a certain latitude, directing them to rendezvous at the Madeiras, where the whole naval and military force, including the Company's ships, will be directed to place themselves under your orders and those of Sir Home Popham.

It is his Majesty's pleasure that you delay as short a time as possible at Madeira, and that even there every precaution be taken to prevent the immediate object of the expedition from being made public, which will best be done by giving out that the Cork fleet is to separate, at a certain latitude, for the West Indies. Having departed from the Madeiras, you are to proceed at once to the Cape, unless the officer in command of his Majesty's ships should think it advisable to touch at St. Helena, in which case you will use your utmost diligence to obtain the latest and most precise information with respect to the state of the Cape, its garrison, defences, means of subsistence, &c.; and you will confer with the Governor of St. Helena (who is directed to render you every aid consistent with the security of the island) as to the possibility of making any of the resources at his disposal applicable to the success of the expedition.

Having arrived at the Cape, you will, if you should have no previous reason to suppose that your approach has transpired, endeavour, by a vigorous and immediate attack (having previously summoned the garrison to surrender), to avail yourself of the probable neglect of due vigilance and precaution on the part of the garrison.

As it is not impossible, however, that two French ships of the line which sailed in May from Rochfort, with troops on board, and which are yet unaccounted for, may have thrown themselves into the Cape, with a reinforcement of from 1,000 to 1,200 troops, you will not rely with too much confidence on the enemy's means of resistance being confined to the number stated at the outset of these instructions.

Should you be of opinion that the reduction of the place may be facilitated by opening a communication with the inhabitants and persons in authority, you are authorized and directed, in conjunction with the officer in command of his Majesty's naval force, (taking care not to waste too much time in such negociations) to grant the garrison and the inhabitants such favourable and liberal terms of capitulation as may appear to you best calculated to acquire the possession of the place in the most expeditious manner, and with the least loss or hazard to the ships and troops employed on this service.

Upon the surrender of the place to his Majesty's arms (taking possession of it in the King's name), and duly attending to the stipulations of any capitulation which may be previously agreed on, you will take upon yourself, under the title of Lieutenant-Governor, the civil government of the Settlement, till his Majesty's further pleasure is declared, and continue to carry on the administration (preserving to the inhabitants the enjoyment of their private property, usages, and religion) as nearly as may be according to the system laid down and established by his Majesty's authority during the late war, and under which the Colony enjoyed, till the period of its restitution, so much prosperity and happiness.

As I understand the troops now in garrison at the Cape are mostly Germans, and much disgusted with the Dutch service, you will take the earliest opportunity of inducing them to enter into his Majesty's 60th Regiment, attaching them in equal proportions as supernumeraries to the regiments in garrison, until measures can be taken for transferring and placing

them under their own officers. If, after using your

best en

deavours to procure the whole of these men for the King's service in the manner above directed, any foreigners, not being French subjects, having so declined to engage, should nevertheless be willing to enlist for service in the East Indies, you will engage them for the service of the East India Company, according to the terms of enlistment usual in the European branch of their army, a statement of which you will receive herewith enclosed.

As it is important that the Company's ships directed to co-operate in this expedition, and placed with a view to this special service under the orders of the naval officer in command, should be delayed at the Cape for as short a time as possible, I have his Majesty's commands to direct that you are to use your utmost diligence to have the troops and recruits destined for India expeditiously re-embarked, in order that they may proceed under the convoy of the Belliqueux to their ulterior destination; notifying by them, or by the earliest opportunity which you can find, the surrender of the Cape to the several Presidencies in India, in order that the accustomed intercourse with the Colony may be opened, and such supplies received as may be required for the use of the Settlement.

In the event of circumstances arising, either to discourage you from landing the troops, or, in the event of your having made good your landing, to determine you to desist from the enterprise (contingencies, I trust, equally improbable), it is his Majesty's pleasure (the India ships being detached to their destination) that you do return, with the remainder of your force, to St. Helena, there to refresh the troops and squadron, and to receive further orders for the direction of your conduct.

In case you should not find any fresh instructions at St. Helena, continuing there not more than fifteen days, unless the refreshment of the squadron should render a longer stay indispensable, you will, at the end of that period, return to Cork, unless you should receive a different destination at the

Madeiras, where you are directed to call and inquire for orders.

His Majesty has entrusted to you the conduct of the military part of this service, under a full confidence in your experience, zeal, and discretion; and his Majesty implicitly relies on your cultivating the most cordial, good understanding with the officer to whom the command of his naval forces has been confided. The ultimate success of the expedition principally depending on the cordial co-operation of the respective services, his Majesty is persuaded that their united exertions will be such as to entitle them to his Majesty's gracious and unqualified approbation.

[Enclosure.]

July 26, 1805. Previous to the Act of the 39th of his present Majesty, cap. 109, the Company in time of peace paid for recruits raised in London, or within 50 miles, from 3 to 4 guineas per man; and for men raised at a greater distance, the additional sum of half a guinea per man for every 25 miles, as far as 175 miles and upwards, for whom they paid about 8 guineas. For recruits raised in Ireland, the Company paid from 12 to 13 guineas per man, and in Scotland from 9 to 15 guineas per man, with an addition of about 5 guineas per man for Irish recruits, allowed for passage and clothes. For recruits raised in time of war, 15 guineas each, whether enlisted in London or the country. The recruits, in time of peace, were required to be lads under 20 years of age, 5 feet 3 inches high; and men under 30 years of age, 5 feet 6 inches high; and, in time of war, under 20 years of age, 5 feet 1 inch high; and, under 30 years of age, 5 feet 5 inches high.

Lord Castlereagh to Lord Barham.

St. James's Square, July 25, 1805.

My dear Lord-Having completed the necessary instructions to Sir David Baird, and examined those prepared by

your lordship's directions to the several naval officers, which appear to me perfectly clear and correct, I have nothing further to suggest, except the expediency of furnishing the expedition with two light cutters; they may be useful in the landing, and will, at all events, be requisite for sending intelligence to Europe and India. If they sail a week after the others are gone, they will reach Madeira before the expedition sails.

There are two officers now at Colchester, who served with the Hottentots, whom it would be desirable to forward by them. The Duke of York will take care to send them to the point of embarkation, upon your lordship fixing a time. I begged, however, his Royal Highness not to call upon them till all the main branches of the expedition were gone, as we have already called principally upon officers who have served in the quarter where we intend to operate, and it is better they should follow with sealed orders similar to those given to the other ships.

Lord Castlereagh to Lord Barham.

Lord Castlereagh presents his compliments to Lord Barham, and transmits to him enclosed a Memorandum which has been put into his hands by Sir David Baird, relative to the two officers at Colchester, mentioned in Lord Castlereagh's private letter to Lord Barham of yesterday.

St. James's Square, July 26, 1805.

Memorandum.

In case the additional regiments are granted, it may be proper to have a major-general as second in command, and another brigadier. It occurs to me, likewise, that Major Donald Campbell, of the 40th regiment, and Captain Duncan Stewart, of the 90th, both of whom are strongly recommended