1789 Feb. 17. His Majefty was pronounced to be in a state of convalefcence, and on the 26th to be free from complaint. April 23. A general thanksgiving for the King's recovery, who attended the fervice at St. Paul's with a great proceffion. May. (France) Opening of the States General at Verfailles. July 13, 14. Revolution in France-capture of the Baftile, execution of the governor, of the intendant, of the fecretary of ftate, &c. October 19. The first fitting of the National Conftituent Affembly at Paris. 1790 July 14. Grand French confederation in the Champ de Mars. 1791 June 21, 22. 25. (France) The king and royal family fecretly withdraw from Paris, but are ftopped at Varennes, and brought back. On the 14th of July, in confequence of fome gentlemen meeting to commemorate October 4. (France) The fecond Affembly takes the name of the Legislative 1792 On the 19th of March, the definitive treaty of peace was figned between the British, and their allies, the Nizam, and Mahrattas on the one part, and Tippoo Sultan on the other, by which he ceded one half of his territorial poffeffions, and delivered up two of his fons to lord Cornwallis, as holtages for the fulfil ment of the treaty. Guftavus III. king of Sweden, died on the 29th of March, in confequence of Sept. 20. (France) First fitting of the Third Legislature, which takes the title of 1793 Jan. 21. (France) Lewis XVI. after having received innumerable indignities from his people, was brought to the fcaffold, and had his head fevered by the guillotine, contrary to the exprefs laws of the new conftitution, which had declared the perfon of the king inviolable. On the 25th of March, lord Grenville, and S. Comte Woronzow, figned a convention at London on behalf of his Britannic majelly and the empress of Ruffia, in which their majefties agreed to employ their respective forces in carrying on the "juft and neceflary war" against France. Treaties alfo were entered upon with the king of Sardinia, and the prince of Heffe Caffel. The unfortunate queen of France, on the 16th of October, was conducted to the fpot, where Louis had previously met his fate; and conducted herself during her laft moments with fortitude and compofure, in the thirty-eighth year of her age. Meffrs. Muir and Palmer, having been accused of feditious practices, were tried in the high court of Jufticiary in Scotland, and pronounced guilty. Their fentence was tranfportation for the space of 14 years, to fuch place as his majesty might judge proper. They have fince failed for Botany Bay. 1794 On the 1st of June, the British fleet, under the command of admiral earl Howe, obtained a moft fignal victory over that of the French, in which two ships were funk, one burnt, and fix brought into Portsmouth harbour. 1795 In confequence of the rapid progrefs of the French arms in Holland, the prin cefs of Orange, the hereditary princefs and her infant fon, arrived at Yarmouth, on the 19th of January: the hereditary prince himself, with his father the ftadtholder, landed at Harwich on the 20th. On the 8th of April, his royal highness George Auguftus Frederic, prince of Wales, was married to her ferene highnefs princefs Caroline of Brunswick. The trial of Warren Haftings, efq. at length came to a clofe on the 231 of April, when the lord chancellor, having put the queft on to each of the ers, upon the fixteen articles of the impeachment, and finding that a very great majority voted for his aquittal, informed the prifoner that he was acquitted of the charges brought againft him by the houfe of commons, and of all matters contained therein. X ΜΕΝ Bef. Ch. 907 H MEN of LEARNING and GENIUS. OMER, the first prophane writer and Greek poet, flourished. Pope. Hefiod, the Greek poet, fuppofed to live near the time of Homer. 884 Lycurgus, the Spartan lawgiver. 600 Sappho, the Greek lyric poetes, A. Fawkes. 558 Solon, lawgiver of Athens. 556 fop, the firft Greek fabulift. Croxal. 548 Thales, the firft Greek aftronomer and geographer. 497 Pythagoras, founder of the Pythagorean philofophy in Greece. Rowe. 474 Anacreon, the Greek lyric poet. Fawkes, Addifon. 456 Afchylus, the first Greek tragic poet. 435 Pindar, the Greek lyric poet. Weft. Potter. 413 Herodotus, of Greece, the firft writer of prophane hiftory. Littlebury. 407 Ariftophanes, the Greek comic poet, fl. White. Euripides, the Greek tragic poet. Woodbull. 406 Sophocles, ditto. Franklin, Potter. Confucius the Chine fe philofopher, fl. 400 Socrates, the founder of moral philofophy in Greece. 391 Thucydides, the Greek hiftorian. Smith, Hobbes. 361 Hippocrates, the Greek phyfician. Clifton. Democritus, the Greek philofopher. Cooke 559 Xenophon, the Greek philofopher and hiftorian. Smith, Spelman, Afbly, Fielding 348 Plato, the Greek philofopher, and difciple of Socrates. Sydenham. 336 Ifocrates, the Greek orator. Dimfdale. 332 Ariftotle, the Greek philofopher, and difciple of Plato. Hobbes. 313 Demofthenes, the Athenian orator, poifoned himself. Leland, Francis. 288 Theophraftus, the Greek philofopher, and fcholar of Ariftotle. Budget. 285 Theocritus, the firft Greek paftoral poet, fl. Fawkes. 277 Euclid, of Alexandria, in Egypt, the mathematician, fl. R. Simpfen. 270 Epicurus, founder of the Epicurean philofophy in Greece. Digby. 264 Xeno, founder of the Stoic philofophy in ditto. 244 Callimachus, the Greek elegiac poet. 208 Archimedes, the Greek geometrician. 184 Plautus, the Roman comic poet, Thornton. 159 Terence, of Carthage, the Latin comic poet. Colman. 155 Diogenes, of Babylon, the Stoic philofopher. 124 Polybius, of Greece, the Greek and Roman hiftorian. Hampton. 54 Lucretius, the Roman poet. Creech. 44 Julius Cafar, the Roman hiftorian and commentator, killed. Duncan. Diodorus Siculus, of Greece, the univerfal hiftorian, fl. Booth. Vitruvius, the Roman architect, fl. 43 Cicero, the Roman orator and philofopher, put to death. Guthrie, Melmoth. Cornelius Nepos, the Roman biographer, fl. Rowe. 34 Salluft, the Roman hiftorian. Gordon, Rofe. 30 Dionyfius of Halicarnaffus, the Roman hiftorian, fl. Spelman. 19 Virgil, the Roman epic poet. Dryden, Pitt, Warton. 11 Catullus, Tibullus, and Propertius, Roman poets. Grainger, Dart. 8 Horace, the Roman lyric and fatyric poet. Francis. A. C. 17 Livy, the Roman hiftorian. Ray. 19 Ovid, the Roman elegiac poet. Garth. 20 Cellus, the Roman philofopher and phyfician, fl. Crieve. 25 Strabo, the Greek geographer. 33 Phædrus, the Roman fabulift. Smart. 45 Paterculus, 45 Paterculus, the Roman hiftorian, fl. Newcombe. 62 Perfius, the Roman fatyric poet. Brewster. 64 Quintius Curtius, a Roman hiftorian of Alexander the Great, fl. Digby. Seneca, of Spain, the philofopher and tragic poet, put to death. L'Etrange. 65 Lucan, the Roman epic poet, ditto. Rowe. 79 Pliny the elder, the Roman natural historian. Holland. 93 Jofephus, the Jewish hiftorian. Whiston. 94 Epictetus, the Greek ftoic philofopher, fl. Mrs. Carter. 95 Quinctilian, the Roman orator and advocate. 96 Statius, the Roman epic poet.. Lewis. Lucius Florus, of Spain, the Roman hiftorian, fl. Gordon. 99 Tacitus, the Roman hiftorian. Hay. Guthrie. Melmoth, Orrery. 116 Pliny the younger, hiftorical letters. 119 Plutarch of Greece, the biographer. Dryden, Langhorne. 128 Juvenal, the Roman fatyric poet. Dryden. 140 Ptolemy, the Egyptian geographer, mathematician, and aftronomer, fl. 150 Juftin, the Roman hiftorian, fl. Turnbul, 161 Arrian, the Roman hiftorian and philofopher, fl. Rooke. 167 Juftin, of Samaria, the oldest Christian author after the apostles. 180 Lucian, the Roman philologer. Dimfdale, Dryden, Franklin. Marcus Aur. Antoninus, Roman emperor and philofopher. Callier, Elphinstone. 193 Galen, the Greek philofopher and phyfician. 200 Diogenes Laertius, the Greek biographer, fl. 229 Dion Caffius, of Greece, the Roman hiftorian, fl. 254 Origen, a Chriftian father of Alexandria. Herodian, of Alexandria, the Roman hiftorian, fl. Hart. 258 Cyprian, of Carthage, fuffered martyrdom. Marshal. 273 Longinus, the Greek orator, put to death by Aurelian. Smith. 320 Lactantius, a father of the church, fl. 336 Arius, a prieft of Alexandria, founder of the fect of Arians. 342 Eufebius, the ecclefiaftical hiftorian and chronologer. Hanmer. 379 Bazil, bishop of Cæfaria. 389 Gregory Nazianzen, bishop of Conftantinople. 397 Ambrofe, bishop of Milan. 415 Macrobius, the Roman grammarian. 428 Eutropius, the Roman hiftorian. 524 Boethius, the Roman poet, and Platonic philofopher. Bellamy, Preston. 529 Procopius of Cæfarea, the Roman hiftorian. Holcroft. Here ends the illuftrious lift of ancient, or, as they are ftyled, Claffic authors, for whom mankind are indebted to Greece and Rome, thofe two great theatres of human glory but it will ever be regretted, that a small part only of their writings have come to our hands. This was owing to the barbarous policy of those fierce illiterate pagans, who, in the fifth century, fubverted the Roman empire, and in which practices they were joined foon after by the Saracens, or followers of Mahomet. Conftantinople alone had efcaped the ravages of the Barbarians; and to the few literati who sheltered themfelves within its walls, is chiefly owing the preservation of thofe valuable remains of antiquity. To learning, civility, and refinement, fucceeded worse than Gothic ignorance-the fuperftition and buffoonery of the church of Rome: Europe therefore produces few names worthy of record during the fpace of a thousand years; a period which hiftorians, with great propriety, denominate the dark or Gothic ages. The invention of printing contributed to the revival of learning in the fixteenth century, from which memorable æra a race of men have sprung up in a new foil, France, Germany, and Britain; who, if they do not exceed, at leaft equal, the greatest geniufes of antiquity. Of thefe our own countrymen have the reputation of the fift rank, with whofe names we fhall finish our list. 735 Bede, A.C. 735 Bede, a priest of Northumberland; Hiftory of the Saxons, Scots, &c. 901 King Alfred; hiftory, philofophy. and poetry. 1259 Matthew Paris, monk of St. Alban's; Hiftory of England. 1292 Roger Bacon, Somerset hire; natural philofophy. 1308 John Fordun, a priest of Mearns-fhire; Hiftory of Scotland. 1400 Geoffry Chaucer, London; the father of English poetry. 1402 John Gower, Wales; the poet. 1535 Sir Thomas More, London; hiftory, politics, divinity. 1552 John Leland, London; lives and antiquities. 1568 Roger Afcham, Yorkshire; philology and polite literature. 1572 Rev. John Knox, the Scotch reformer; hiftory of the church of Scotland. 1582 George Buchanan, Dumbartonshire; Hiftory of Scotland, Pfalms of David, politics, &c. 1598 Edmund Spenfer, London; Fairy Queen, and other poems. 1615-25 Beaumont and Fletcher; 53 dramatic pieces. 1616 William Shakespeare, Stratford; 42 tragedies and comedies. 1622 John Napier, of Marchefton, Scotland; difcoverer of logarithms. 1623 William Camden, London; history and antiquities. 1626 Lord Chancellor Bacon, London; natural philofophy, literature in general. 1634 Lord Chief Juftice Coke, Norfolk; laws of England. 1638 Ben Jonfon, London; 53 dramatic pieces. 1641 Sir Henry Spelman, Norfolk; laws and antiquities. 1654 John Selden, Suffex: antiquities and laws 1657 Dr. William Harvey, Kent, discovered the circulation of the blood. 1667 Abraham Cowley, London; mifcellaneous poetry. 1674 John Milton, London; Paradife Loft, Regained, and various other pieces in verfe and profe. Hyde, earl of Clarendon, Wiltshire; Hiftory of the Civil Wars in England. 1675 James Gregory, Aberdeen; mathematics, geometry, and optics. 1677 Reverend Dr. Ifaac Barrow, London; natural philofophy, mathematics, and ser mons. 1680 Samuel Butler, Worcestershire; Hudibras, a burlefque poem. 1685 Thomas Otway, London; 10 tragedies and comedies, with other poems. 1687 Edmund Waller, Bucks; poems, fpeeches, letters, &c. 1688 Dr. Ralph Cudworth, Somerfetfhire; Intellectual Syftem. 1689 Dr. Thomas Sydenham, Dorfetfhire; Hiftory of Phyfic. 1690 Nathaniel Lee, London; 11 tragedies. Robert Barclay, Urie; Apology for the Quakers. 1591 Hon. Robert Boyle; natural and experimental philofophy and theology. Sir George McKenzie, Dundee; Antiquities and Laws of Scotland. 1694 John Tillotson, archbishop of Canterbury, Halifax; 254 fermons 1697 Sir William Temple, London; politics and polite literature. 1701 John Dryden, Northamptonshire; 27 tragedies and comedies, fatiric poeme, Virgil. 1704 John Locke, Somerfetfhire; philofophy, government, and theology. 1705 John Ray, Effex; botany, natural philofophy, and divinity. 1707 George Farquhar, Londonderry; eight comedies. 1713 Ant. Afh. Cowper, earl of Shaftesbury; Characteristics. 1714 Gilbert Burnet, Edinburgh, bishop of Salisbury; hiftory, biography, divinity, &c. 1718 Nicholas Rowe; Devonshire: 7 tragedies, tranflation of Lucan's Pharfalia. 1719 Reverend John Flamfteed, Derbyshire; mathematics and aftronomy. Jofeph Addifon, Wiltshire; Spectator, Guardian, poems, politics. Dr. John Keil, Edinburgh; mathematics and aftronomy. 1721 Matthew Prior, London: poems and politics. 1724 William Wollafton, Stafford fhire; Religion of Nature delineated. 1727 Sir Ifaac Newton, Lincolnshire; mathematics, geometry, aftronomy, optics. 1729 Reverend Dr. Samuel Clarke, Norwich; mathematics, divinity, &c. Sir Richard Steele, Dublin; four comedies, papers in Tatler, &c. 1729 William 1729 William Congreve, Staffordshire; feven dramatic pieces. mons, &c. Dr. Francis Hutchefon, Airfhire; Syftem of Moral Philofophy. 1750 Reverend Dr. Conyers, Middleton, Yorkshire; life of Cicero, &c. Andrew Baxter, Old Aberdeen; metaphyfics and natural philofophy. 1751 Henry St. John, Lord Bolingbroke, Surrey; philofophy, metaphyfics, and litics. Dr. Alexander Monro, Edinburgh; Anatomy of the Human Body. 1754 Dr. Richard Mead, London, on poifons, plague, fmall-pox, medicine, precepts. Henry Fielding, Somerfetfhire; Tom Jones, Jofeph Andrews, &c. 1757 Colley Cibber, London; 25 tragedies and comedies. 1761 Thomas Sherlock, bishop of London; 69 fermons, &c. po Benjamin Hoadley, bishop of Winchefter: fermons and controverfy. Reverend Dr. John Leland, Lancashire; Anfwer to Deistical Writers. 1765 Reverend Dr. Edward Young; Night Thoughts, and other poems, three tragedies. Robert Simpson, Glafgow; Conic Sections, Euclid, Appolonius. 1768 Reverend Lawrence Sterne; 45 fermons, Sentimental Journey, Triftram Shandy. 1769 Robert Smith, Lincolnshire; harmonics and opties. 1770 Reverend Dr. Jortin; Life of Erafmus, Ecclefiaftical History, and fermons. Dr. Mark Akenfide, Newcastle upon Tyne; poems. Dr. Tobias Smollet, Dumbartonshire; History of England, novels, translations. 1771 Thomas Gray, Profefior of Modern History, Cambridge; poems. 1773 Philip Dormer Stanhope, earl of Chesterfield; letters. George Lord Lyttelton, Worcestershire; History of England. 1774 Oliver Goldsmith; poems, effays, and other pieces. Zachary Pearce, bishop of Rochester; Annotations on the New Teftament, &c. 1775 Dr. John Hawkefworth; effays. 1776 David Hume, Merfe: Hiftory of England, and effays. James Ferguson, Aberdeenshire, aftronomy. 1777 Samuel Foote, Cornwall; plays, 1779 David Garrick, Hereford; plays, &c. William Warburton, bishop of Gloucefter; Divine Legation of Mofes, and va- 1780 Sir William Blackstone, Judge of the court of Common Pleas, London; Com- Dr. John Fothergill, Yorkshire; philofophy and medicine. James Harris; Hermes, Philological Inquiries, and Philofophical Arrangements. 1782 Thomas Newton, bishop of Bristol, Litchfield; Difcourfes on the Prophecies, and other works. 1782 Sir John Pringle, Bart. Roxburghshire; Diseases of the Army. Henry Home, Lord Kaimes, Scotland; Elements of Criticifm, Sketches of the 1783 Dr. William Hunter, Lanerkshire; anatomy. Dr. Benjamin Kennicott: Hebrew Verfion of the Bible, theological tracts. 1784 Dr. Thomas Morell; Editor of Ainsworth's Dictionary, Hedericus's Lexicon, Dr. Samuel Johnfon, Litchfield; English Dictionary, biography, effays, poetry. 1785 William |