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the mantle are always those of the husband, and the others those of the lady's own family.

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The hair was worn in a gold fret, or caul, of net-work, surmounted by a chaplet, or garland, of goldsmith's work, a coronet, or a veil, according to the fancy or rank of the wearer. The effigy of Anne of Bohemia, and the illuminated MS. entitled Liber Regalis,' preserved in Westminster Abbey, and executed in the time of Richard II., may be considered the best authorities for the royal and noble female costume of the period.

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SCENE I. London. A Room in the Palace.

Enter KING RICHARD, attended; JOHN OF GAUNT, and other Nobles, with him.

K. Rich. Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster, Hast thou, according to thy oath and band,a

1

Brought hither Henry Hereford, thy bold son ;

a Band. Bund and bond are each the past participle passive of the verb to bind; and hence the band, that by which a thing is confined, and the bond, that by which one is constrained, are one and the same thing.

b Hereford. In the old copies this title is invariably spelt and pronounced Herford. In Hardynge's Chronicle' the word is always written Herford or Harford. It is constantly Herford, as a dissyllable, in Daniel's Civile Warres.'

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Here to make good the boisterous late appeal,
Which then our leisure would not let us hear,
Against the Duke of Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray?
Gaunt. I have, my liege.

K. Rich. Tell me, moreover, hast thou sounded him,
If he appeal the duke on ancient malice;

Or worthily, as a good subject should,

On some known ground of treachery in him?

Gaunt. As near as I could sift him on that argument, On some apparent danger seen in him,

Aim'd at your highness,-no inveterate malice.

K. Rich. Then call them to our presence; face to face, And frowning brow to brow, ourselves will hear

The accuser, and the accused, freely speak:

[Exeunt some Attendants. High-stomach'd are they both, and full of ire, rage deaf as the sea, hasty as fire.

In

Re-enter Attendants, with Bolingbroke and NORFOLK. Boling. Many years of happy days befal My gracious sovereign, my most loving liege! Nor. Each day still better other's happiness; Until the heavens, envying earth's good hap, Add an immortal title to your crown!

K. Rich. We thank you both: yet one but flatters us,
As well appeareth by the cause you come ;a

Namely, to appeal each other of high treason.—
Cousin of Hereford, what dost thou object

Against the Duke of Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray ?

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Boling. First, (heaven be the record to my speech!)
In the devotion of a subject's love,

Tendering the precious safety of my prince,
And free from other misbegotten hate,
Come I appellant to this princely presence.
Now, Thomas Mowbray, do I turn to thee,
And mark my greeting well; for what I speak

My body shall make good upon this earth,

a You come. On which you come; or you come on. The omission, in such a case, of the preposition is not unusual.

Or
my divine soul answer it in heaven.
Thou art a traitor, and a miscreant;
Too good to be so, and too bad to live;
Since the more fair and crystal is the sky,
The uglier seem the clouds that in it fly.
Once more, the more to aggravate the note,
With a foul traitor's name stuff I thy throat;
And wish (so please my sovereign), ere I move,

What my tongue speaks, my right-drawn sword may prove.
Nor. Let not my cold words here accuse my zeal :

"Tis not the trial of a woman's war,

The bitter clamour of two eager tongues,
Can arbitrate this cause betwixt us twain:
The blood is hot that must be cool'd for this.
Yet can I not of such tame patience boast,
As to be hush'd, and nought at all to say:
First, the fair reverence of your highness curbs me
From giving reins and spurs to my free speech;
Which else would post, until it had return'd
These terms of treason doubled a down his throat.
Setting aside his high blood's royalty,

And let him be no kinsman to my liege,

I do defy him, and I spit at him;

Call him a slanderous coward, and a villain :
Which to maintain, I would allow him odds;
And meet him, were I tied to run a-foot
Even to the frozen ridges of the Alps,
Or any other ground inhabitable b
Wherever Englishman durst set his foot.
Meantime, let this defend my loyalty,-
By all my hopes, most falsely doth he lie.

Boling. Pale trembling coward, there I throw my gage, Disclaiming here the kindred of the king;

And lay aside my high blood's royalty,

a Doubled. In folio of 1623, and first quarto of 1597, doubly; doubled is the reading of the quarto 1615.

b Inhabitable. Uninhabitable, unhabitable. Jonson, and Taylor the Water-poet, both use the word in this sense, strictly according to its Latin derivation. But the Norman origin of much of our language warrants this use. Habitable, and its converse, present no difficulty to a Frenchiman.

VOL. IV.

2 C

Which fear, not reverence, makes thee to except:
If guilty dread hath left thee so much strength,
As to take up mine honour's pawn, then stoop;
By that, and all the rites of knighthood else,
Will I make good against thee, arm to arm,
What I have spoke, or thou canst worse devise.a
Nor. I take it up; and by that sword I swear,
Which gently laid my knighthood on my shoulder,
I'll answer thee in any fair degree,

Or chivalrous design of knightly trial:

And, when I mount, alive may I not light,

If I be traitor, or unjustly fight!

K. Rich. What doth our cousin lay to Mowbray's charge? It must be great, that can inherit us

b

So much as of a thought of ill in him.

Boling. Look, what I said my life shall
prove it true;-
That Mowbray hath receiv'd eight thousand nobles,*
In name of lendings, for your highness' soldiers;
The which he hath detain❜d for lewd d employments,
Like a false traitor and injurious villain.
Besides I say, and will in battle prove,―
Or here, or elsewhere, to the furthest verge
That ever was survey'd by English eye,-
That all the treasons, for these eighteen years
Complotted and contrived in this land,

Fetch'd from false Mowbray their first head and spring.
Further I say, and further will maintain.

Upon his bad life, to make all this good,—
That he did plot the duke of Gloster's death;
Suggest his soon-believing adversaries;

a So the quarto of 1597. The first folio reads,

"What I have spoken, or thou canst devise."

b Inherit us. To inherit was not only used in the sense of to inherit as an heir, but in that of to receive generally. It is here used for to cause to receive, in the same way that to possess is either used for to have, or to cause to have.

Said. So the quartos and folio. In modern editions, speak.

d Lewd, in its early signification, means misled, deluded; and thence it came to stand, as here, for wicked. The laity-" the body of the Christian people," as Gibbon calls them—were designated as lewede by the clergy. (See Tooke, vol. ii. p. 383.)

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