$13,108; 1822, $15,940; 1823, $11,545; 1824, $9,454; 1826,* $16,596; 1827, $33,094; 1828, $31,591; 1829, $30,084; 1830, $30,710; 1831, $40,450; 1832, $42,030; 1833, $47,836; 1834, $57,818; 1835, $83,062; 1836, $63,227; 1837, $65,574; 1838, $55,660.

The Society has a permanent fund amounting to nearly $80,000.

The results of the Society have been as follows. It has assisted since its formation, 3,126 young men of different evangelical denominations, from every State in the Union. The number aided in each succeeding year, from 1816 to 1838, is as follows: 7, 138, 140, 161, 172, 205, 195, 216, 198, 225, 156, 300, 404, 524, 604, 673, 807, 912, 1,040, 1,040, 1,125, 1,141. Of those who received the patronage of the Society during the year 1838, 283 were in eighteen theological seminaries, 588 in forty colleges, and 270 in eighty-two academies or under private instruction. Of these there were at various institutions in the New England States 617, at institutions in the Middle States 325, and at institutions in the Southern and Western States 199. The Society has been instrumental of introducing to the ministry about 1,500 individuals, nearly 60 of whom have gone forth as missionaries to the heathen.

The whole amount which has been refunded by former beneficiaries, is as follows: during the eleven years preceding April 30, 1826, $339 60; in 1827, $90 00; 1828, $864 22; 1829, $830 91; 1830, $1,007 84; 1831, $2,647 63; 1832, $1,312 77; 1833, $2,113 27; 1834, $1,947 78; 1835, $2,957 14; 1836, $4,332 53; 1837, $7,644 10; 1838, $4,467 95— making $30,555 74.

The sum of earnings by the beneficiaries for labor and school-keeping, reported from year to year, for the last twelve years, is as follows, viz.: 1827, $4,000; 1828, $5,149; 1829, $8,728; 1830, $11,010; 1831, $11,460; 1832, $15,568; 1833, $20,611; 1834, $26,268; 1835, $29,829; 1836, $33,502; 1837, $39,685 87; 1838, $37,844 88—making $243,654.

In July, 1827, the Directors of the Society established a periodical, first entitled the "Quarterly Journal of the American Education Society;" in January, 1829, it took the name of the "Quarterly Register and Journal of the American Education Society;" in August, 1830, the name of the "Quarterly Register of the American Education Society;" and since August, 1831, the title of the "American Quarterly Register." This publication contains a great mass of literary and ecclesiastical statistics, and various treatises relating to education, the Christian ministry, etc.

* In 1826 the time for holding the annual meeting was changed, and the Annual Report of that year embraces a period of twenty months.

The present officers of the Society are Hon. Samuel Hubbard, LL. D., President, Hon. William Bartlett, Vice President, and twenty-seven Honorary Vice Presidents. Directors-Rev. Brown Emerson, D. D., Rev. Warren Fay, D. D., John Tappan, Esq., Arthur Tappan, Esq., Hon. Samuel T. Armstrong, Rev. John Codman, D. D., Rev. William Cogswell, D. D., Rev. Ralph Emerson, D. D., Rev. William Patton, D. D., Rev. William Jenks, D. D., Rev. Ebenezer Burgess, D. D.

Rev. William Cogswell, D. D., is Secretary, Hardy Ropes, Esq., Treasurer, and Hon. Pliny Cutler, Auditor.

There are other Education Societies which exist as denominational institutions, whose object is to educate those young men only who are of the denomination to which the Society belongs whose patronage they receive.

The Massachusetts Baptist Education Society was formed in 1814. In the winter of 1830, a new act of incorporation was obtained, when the institution took the name of the Northern Baptist Education Society. Since then its operations have been enlarged. There is now organized in each of the New England States, a Branch Society holding to the Parent Society the mutual relation of giving or receiving assistance as the circumstances of either may admit or require, and of aiding young men in like manner. Baptist Education Societies existed in Rhode Island and Connecticut previous to the present organization of the Northern Baptist Education Society. The Society in Rhode Island was formed in 1816 and that in Connecticut in 1818.

The design of the Northern Baptist Education Society is to receive all suitable applicants coming from any section where there is no Branch. The number of beneficiaries reported in May 1838 was 170. The average amount of funds received annually for current use, for the last six years, is $9,046 38. The Society has a permanent fund amounting to $25,080 50. The amount granted to beneficiaries varies according to the stage of his education $48 being the minimum, $75 being the maximum. For each appropriation, they give their note, without security and without interest, payable, one third at the end of one year after they shall have completed their education, and the other two-thirds, at the expiration of the second and third years.

The officers of the Society are Rev. Daniel Sharp, D. D., President, nine Vice Presidents, and eight Directors, Rev. Ebenezer Thresher, Corresponding Secretary, Augustus A. Gould, M. D. Recording Secretary, and John B. Jones, Esq., Treasurer.

The Board of Education of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States was organized in 1819. It aided during the year 1838, 414 young men preparing for the ministry at 95 different institutions of learning; and its receipts were $35,069. The Rev. Francis McFarland is Corresponding Secretary, the Rev. William Chester, General Agent, the Rev. James A. Peabody, Financial Secretary, and J. B. Mitchell, Esq., Treasurer.

There are three or four other denominational Education Societies in this country; but their operations as yet have been small.

Other Education Societies as the "National Education Society of England," and the "British and Foreign School Society" are societies of great usefulness, but are not strictly and exclusively religious, and have not in view the education of pious young men for the Christian ministry.

(G. p. 172.)

Sabbath School Societies.

As early as the year 1695 the Synod of Germany established a species of Sabbath school instruction, which was confined to the "unmarried youth of both sexes who had received confirmation." Before this period, schools for this purpose seem to have been formed in connection with some of the Roman Catholic churches of Europe. In the sixteenth century, Borromeo, Archbishop of Milan, established schools, in which the Catholic faith was taught and its ceremonies were observed. These schools are thus described by the Rev. Daniel Wilson, in 1823, while in that country in his tour through Europe. He says, "After our English service, we went to see the catechising. This was founded by Borromeo, in the sixteenth century, and is peculiar to Milan. The children meet in classes of ten or twenty, drawn up between the pillars of the cathedral, and separated from each other by curtains, the boys on one side and the girls on the other. In all the churches of the city there are classes also. Many grown people are mingled with the children. A priest sat in the midst of each class, and seemed to be familiarly explaining the Christian religion. The sight was quite interesting. Tables for learning to write were placed in the recesses. The children were exceedingly attentive. At the door of each school, the words, ‘Pax vobis,' (peace be unto you,) were inscribed on boards. Each scholar had a small pulpit, with a green cloth in front, bearing the Borromeo motto, Humilitas.""

Though Borromeo may have been the founder of a particular class of Sabbath schools for his diocess at Milan, yet it remained for another greater than he in this work to establish them for the world. The present Sabbath school system originated about half a century ago in the benevolence of Robert Raikes, printer, of Gloucester, England. "One day," says he, "in the year 1782, I went into the suburbs of my native city, to hire a gardener. The man was from home, and while I waited his return, I was much disturbed by a group of noisy boys who infested the street. I asked the gardener's wife the cause of these children being so neglected and depraved. 'Oh, Sir,' said she, if you were here on a Sunday, you would pity them indeed. We cannot read our Bibles in peace for them.' Can nothing be done, I asked for these poor children? Is there nobody near who would take them to school on Sundays? I was informed that there was a person in the neighborhood who would probably do it. I accordingly hired a woman to teach these poor children on Sundays, and thus commenced the first Sunday school." The plan succeeded. Raikes died in 1811, and during the nineteen years from the time he commenced the first Sabbath school, up to the time of his death, Sabbath schools had multiplied in Great Britain to the number of 300,000.

As early as September 24, 1785, Mr. Cowper addressed a letter to the Rev. John Newton, from which is taken the following extract: "Mr. Scott, (Rev. Thomas Scott,) called upon us yesterday; he is much inclined to set up a Sunday school, if he can raise a fund for that purpose. Mr. Jones has had one for some time at Clifton, and Mr. Unwin writes me word that he has been thinking of nothing else day and night for a fortnight." The following extract is from a letter of Rev. John Wesley, dated London, June 17, 1787, and is very expressive of his views and feelings: "I am glad you have taken in hand that blessed work of setting up Sunday schools in Chester. It seems these will be one great means of reviving religion throughout the nation. I wonder Satan has not yet sent out some able champion against them."

Considering the condition and too often the character of those whom it was designed especially to benefit, the institution was at first unpopular with the upper classes in society. It was thought it might be very useful to the poor and ignorant, but that the more wealthy and better informed did not need its assistance. It was found, however, that all, of all classes, might be benefited, and it has now for a long time been common for scholars of all descriptions to attend these schools. The first adoption of the system in this country was in the city of Philadelphia. Something similar had been attempted by way of catechetical instruction, but this was all.

And now besides a more varied and efficient system of teaching, an entirely new field was to be cultivated in the way of providing more suitable books for the young to read.

The first Sabbath School Society in the United States was, "The First Day or Sunday School Society in Philadelphia,' established in 1791; among the founders of which were Bishop White, Dr. Rush, Robert Ralston, Esq., Paul Beck, Jr., William Rawle, Thomas P. Cope, Matthew Carey, and Thomas Armat.

In 1803, Sunday Schools were formed in New York, by Mrs. Isabella Graham, in 1806, in Kent, (Maryland,) by the Rev. S. Wilmer, and in 1813, in Albany. Since that time, they have been in all parts of the country constantly increasing. "Where there is a population, there is a Sabbath School." The system prevails throughout the length and breadth of the country.

The American Sunday School Union was formed at Philadelphia, out of the Philadelphia Sunday and Adult School Union, at its seventh anniversary, in May, 1824. Its officers are, a President, a large number of Vice Presidents, a Corresponding and a Recording Secretary, a Board of Managers, and several Committees, of which the Committee on Books is the most important, it being understood that it is always to be composed of men of different religious denominations, and that no book is to appear as a book of the Society, without having first received the approbation of each and every member of the Committee.

After the lapse of two or three years, the business of the Society increased to such a degree as to require more extensive accommodations, and in March, 1827, the buildings now occupied by the institution in Chestnut street, Philadelphia, were purchased at an expense of forty thousand dollars; sixteen of which were contributed by the citizens of Philadelphia, and nearly twenty thousand are still due.

The general objects to which the funds of the American Sunday School Union are appropriated are two fold.

1. The establishment and support of Sunday Schools in destitute places, especially in the Western and Southern States.

2. The distributing of the Society's publications at the lowest prices, or gratuitously.

Not less than 16,000 schools, 115,000 teachers, and 800,000 pupils have been reported as auxiliary; and of the teachers and scholars, upwards of 50,000 have been reported to have connected themselves with the church of Christ.

On the printed catalogue of books for the year 1826-7 there were 60 containing 3,500 pages; for the year 1832-3 there were 300 containing 26,000 pages; for the year 1836-7