Tractatus Logico-philosophicusThe Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (widely abbreviated and cited as TLP) (Latin for Logical Philosophical Treatise or Treatise on Logic and Philosophy) is the only book-length philosophical work by the Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein that was published during his lifetime. The project had a broad goal: to identify the relationship between language and reality and to define the limits of science. It is recognized by philosophers as a significant philosophical work of the twentieth century. G. E. Moore originally suggested the work's Latin title as homage to the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus by Baruch Spinoza. Wittgenstein wrote the notes for the Tractatus while he was a soldier during World War I and completed it during a military leave in the summer of 1918. It was first published in German in 1921 as Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung. The Tractatus was influential chiefly amongst the logical positivist philosophers of the Vienna Circle, such as Rudolf Carnap and Friedrich Waismann. Bertrand Russell's article "The Philosophy of Logical Atomism" is presented as a working out of ideas that he had learned from Wittgenstein. The Tractatus employs an austere and succinct literary style. The work contains almost no arguments as such, but rather consists of declarative statements, or passages, that are meant to be self-evident. The statements are hierarchically numbered, with seven basic propositions at the primary level (numbered 1-7), with each sub-level being a comment on or elaboration of the statement at the next higher level (e.g., 1, 1.1, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13). In all, the Tractatus comprises 526 numbered statements. Wittgenstein's later works, notably the posthumously published Philosophical Investigations, criticised many of his earlier ideas in the Tractatus. |
From inside the book
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... signifies via those signs by which it is defined , and the definitions show the way . Two signs , one a primitive sign , and one defined by primitive signs , cannot signify in the 1 3.262 3.263 3.3 3.31 3.311 3.312 3.313 3.314 Art 49 D ...
... symbols can therefore have the sign ( the written sign or the sound sign ) in common - they then signify in different ways . 3.322 3.323 3.324 3.325 Es kann nie das gemeinsame Merkmal 53 TRACTATUS LOGICO - PHILOSOPHICUS.
... signifies in two dif- ferent ways — and therefore belongs to two different symbols or that two words , which signify in different ways , are apparently applied in the same way in the proposition . Thus the word " is " appears as the ...
... signifies nothing . This is at once clear , if instead of “ F ( F ( u ) ) ” we write " ( ) : F ( pu ) . pu = Fu " . Herewith Russell's paradox vanishes . 3.334 3.34 3.34I 3.34II 3.342 3.3421 3.343 3.344 Die Regeln 57 TRACTATUS LOGICO ...
... signifies . A proposition possesses essential and accidental features . Accidental are the features which are due to a particular way of producing the propositional sign . Essential are those which alone enable the pro- position to ...