As to the escape of the majority of the eleven vaccinated, it may be said that, as all four vesicles were opened, and as it is not common under such circumstances to charge the lancet for any child from more than one, it is quite conceivable that the children who escaped might have been, and probably were, vaccinated from one or more of the vesicles which had not been contaminated from the apparent source of contagium-the fourth child. It is quite conceivable that out of eleven children vaccinated from four vesicles, only two should have been vaccinated from one and the same vesicle. On the view I take, only the one vesicle to which the lancet from the source of the contagium was carried in the vaccination of the fourth child, and by which the vaccinifer herself was infected, would be capable of imparting infection to another child. Next, as to the order in which the children were attacked. The parents of the fourth child were fishmongers, and the weather at the time was excessively hot, so that it is not unlikely that in caressing the infant some animal matters of a readily decomposable character might have become attached to the surface of the skin, and have been inoculated with the vaccine, as well as being taken off by the lancet and carried to the vesicle of the vaccinifer, and from that to the arm of the seventh child vaccinated. The fishmonger's child would thus probably have got the strongest dose of the poison, and so not only have been the first attacked, but the one most severely attacked. The other vaccinated child would be expected to suffer sooner than the vaccinifer on account of the poison on this hypothesis having been directly introduced into the blood, while in the vaccinifer's case it had to find its way in by absorption from the vesicle. These may all seem very trifling details, but my experience as a health officer has taught me that no observation is so minute as to be valueless in tracing the origin of diseases. Indeed, it is to the neglect of such minutiæ as these that we must attribute many of those misconceptions and false inferences which distort and confuse our etiological notions. And after all, whether the precise mode in which the fourth child became the source of infection to itself and to the other two children be such as I have surmised or not, I think that the fact of its having infected the others in this or some other way can scarcely be disputed. I am, &c. Islington, July 24. EDWARD BALLARD, M.D. OBITUARY. DR. T. H. BABINGTON. THE city was plunged into deep gloom yesterday by the intelligence of the death of the Mayor. It was known that he had been complaining of illness before and since the late civic banquet, and that the Cathedral bell was not rung on Sunday in consequence, but it was not known that typhus fever had developed itself, and that, despite the utmost efforts of Medical skill, it claimed its victim in a few days. On Monday evening, the 26th ult., the late Mayor presided at the dinner, in Corporation Hall, with dignity and efficiency; before the next Monday evening arrived he was no more. The late Thomas Henderson Babington, Esq., M.D., Mayor of Derry, was a native of this city, and received his school education at Foyle College, under the Rev. James Knox. Thence he proceeded, as a Foyle College Exhibitioner, to Trinity College, Dublin, where he took the degree of A.B. in 1833, the degree of M.B. in 1834, and subsequently the degree of M.D. He was also a licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland. Leaving College he held for a short time a Dispensary appointment, and subsequently became Medical officer to the Coleraine Workhouse, and held extensive private practice in that neighbourhood. During the famine years Dr. Babington's exertions, in connexion with relief committees, were very great, and his services highly valuable. Having remained several years in Coleraine, he succeeded the late Dr. Rogan as Surgeon to the Derry County Infirmary and Derry Gaol, and Physician to the Fever Hospital. In these capacities his Medical skill and uniform attention to his patients secured him the confidence of the Governors and Board of Superintendence. His private practice in Derry and its neighbourhood was also extensive. Apart from his distinguished Professional career, Dr. Babington was one of our most active and useful citizens. He brought his clear and vigorous intellect and energetic habits to bear upon various civic duties, and in connexion with the local literary institutions. For several years he was an alderman of the Corporation, before he reached the mayoralty, and exerted himself in various ways to promote the cause of local public usefulness. As borough magistrate, and lately as chief magistrate, he discharged his duties energetically and impartially. The Mayor was Vice-President of the Literary Association, sometimes delivered lectures for its benefit, and laboured to promote its interests. In addition to his other literary honours he was a member of the Royal Irish Academy. Among the papers he wrote in that capacity was a useful practical essay, giving suggestions for the prevention of accidents in flax mills. Dr. Babington was Secretary to the Derry branch of the Medical Benevolent Society, and exerted himself in a most praiseworthy manner to procure subscriptions to that valuable philanthropic agency. In private life he was a kind, warmhearted, generous character, steady in his attachments, and highly esteemed by a wide circle of friends. A Churchman in religion, and a Constitutionalist in politics, he was practically liberal to those who differed from him. The great respect in which he was held was attested by the shops yesterday in the principal streets having been partially closed by persons of all denominations. The city flag and the Irish Society's flag were raised half-mast high on Corporation Hall, and the virgin flag on the Cathedral. The Corporation adjourned the usual quarterly meeting yesterday, and the Recorder adjourned his Court, after making some feeling observations. The funeral, we understand, which is to take place on Thursday morning, at half-past ten o'clock, will be attended by the members of the Corporation, and by the Masonic body, of which the late Mayor was a distinguished member. Altogether the comparatively early death of Dr. Babington is deeply regretted by the public generally and many a private friend, as it is felt that an eminent Professional gentleman, a distinguished and useful citizen, and a warm-hearted friend has passed away too soon from amongst us, and, take him for all in all, that his place will not be easily filled up.-Londonderry Sentinel, August 3. NEW INVENTIONS. ANTILL'S PATENT STENCH TRAP. OUR attention has been requested to an article under the above name which appears to us likely to fulfil all the requirements of an efficient drain-trap in a manner superior to any other with which we are acquainted. The annexed sectional drawing explains the plan at a glance. The mouth of the trap is covered by a perforated brass plate, which, being secured underneath by a bayonet catch, cannot be removed for the purpose of disposing of tea-leaves, egg-shells, and the like, by the most slovenly servant, unless entrusted with the key intended for the purpose. The patentee observes that the fixture "is complete in itself, and is a trap whether the lock grating be on or off; it is made from pure pig lead, and is perfectly smooth inside; can be easily cleaned out, and is an effectual preventive to articles passing into the drain; can be soldered to a lead pipe or fixed where glazed pipes are used. It is recommended for the top of waste pipes in cisterns, etc. The waste water can overflow, and, at the same time, is a perfect preventive against all smells, gases, etc., floating on the surface of water in cistern or tank; thereWe fore, keeps the water perfectly clean, clear, and sweet." are informed that this trap has been adapted, with very great benefit, to the pans of urinals in some of our public institutions. Being applied directly beneath the pan, all return of effluvia from the column of air in the discharge-pipe has been prevented. The trap and its fittings can be seen at the Museum of Building Appliances, 9, Conduit-street, Regentstreet, W., and are manufactured and supplied by B. Finch, Holborn Sanitary Works, sanitary, hydraulic, and builders' engineers, 181, High Holborn, London. NEW PULVERISER OR INHALER WITH THE above instrument was presented by M. Béclard to the Academy of Medicine for M. de Capron et fils, the inventors. The advantages of this over other similar instruments are such as will doubtless bring it into general use. Its management is simple and easy. Pour the liquid into the cup B, close the clapper E, and give a few strokes with the piston until some resistance is met with. This fills the bowl of caoutchouc under vase. the pump, and which is hermetically imprisoned in the porcelain The liquid thus compressed is under fifteen atmospheric pressures (measured by Bourdon's manomètre), and is projected with considerable force unmixed with air. The stream lasts two full minutes, and pulverisation can be kept up by giving a few strokes with the piston as soon as the apparatus loses its force. No danger of the instrument getting clogged up, or if it does we need but open the clapper E, which instantly gives a large stream, and forces the foreign body out. The two tubes seen on each side of the figure are M. Fauvel's Orthopraxy: the Mechanical Treatment of Deformities, Debilities, and Deficiencies of the Human Frame. A Manual, by Henry Heather Bigg, Assoc. Inst. C.E. Second edition, with 308 illustrations. London: Churchill and Sons. 1869. Pp. 639. The most valuable part of this work is that which treats of apparatus for deformities, and the construction of artificial limbs and apparatus for remedying deficiencies, whether congenital or caused by wound or disease, and including hernia, prolapse, and varix of the various organs. It may be consulted with advantage by the Surgeon who desires to know what kinds of apparatus are available. Cuique in arte sua credendum. Mr. Bigg treats of a "very striking and peculiar variety of double lateral curvature which results from the habit of playing croquet." We only wish that the devotees of this tiresome game would read the description of the instrument which Mr. Bigg has devised for the treatment of croquêt curvature. The worst of it is that it cures it too soon. Cyclopaedic Science Simplified. By J. H. Pepper, Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Polytechnic Institution. Embracing Light, Heat, Electricity, Magnetism, Pneumatics, Acoustics, Chemistry: with 600 illustrations. London: Fred. Warné and Co., Bedford-street, Covent-garden. 1869. Pp. 685. This book may be said to consist of a series of practical lessons, abundantly illustrated by wood engravings of apparatus and experiments especially bearing on subjects of the day, such as spectrum analysis, the electric telegraph, photography, guncotton, and the like. It is a book well calculated for the library table for reference, and it may be read advantageously by any one who has previously learned the mere elements, and who wishes to understand some of the more common and useful of the modern applications of science to practice. Entozoa; being a Supplement to the Introduction to the Study of Helminthology. By T. Spencer Cobbold, M.D., F.R.S., etc. London: Groombridge and Sons. Pp. 124. Dr. Cobbold has taken the somewhat unusual course of publishing a supplementary volume rather than bringing out a new edition of his fine work on entozoa. He, in this volume, includes an index and bibliographical record, as well as a synopsis of what has been done in helminthology since his work was published. A considerable portion of the contents refer to researches on the trichina and trichinosis. MEDICAL NEWS. UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.-The following is a list of the candidates who have passed the recent First M.B. examination :FIRST M.B. EXAMINATION.-(ENTIRE.) First Division. Ball, James Barry, University College. Burn, William Barnett, St. Bartholomew's Hospital. Carter, Alfred Henry, University College. Edger, Ebenezer Rust, B.A., University College. Elkington, Ernest Alfred, Queen's College, Birmingham. Harding, Alfred William, B.A., University College. Harris, Michael, Guy's Hospital. Hayes, Thomas Crawford, B.A. Dub., King's College. Ingoldby, Joseph Theodore, Guy's Hospital. Jones, Thomas, Guy's Hospital. Southee, Henry Edward, Guy's Hospital. Warner, Francis, King's College. Second Division. Buckley, Samuel, Royal Manchester School of Medicine. Humphreys, John Henry, Sydenham College, Birmingham, and University. Hunt, Thomas Henry, Royal Manchester School of Medicine. Perkins, Charles Edward Steele, Guy's Hospital. Petch, Richard, King's College. Pope, Harry Campbell, Liverpool Royal Infirmary. Scott, Peter Thomas, Guy's Hospital. Skrimshire, Frederic William, King's College. Stanger, William, Guy's Hospital. Westcott, William Wynn, University College. Wood, Robert Arthur Henry, Liverpool School of Medicine. Yate, Edward, St. Bartholomew's Hospital. Jones, Thomas, M.R.C.S. Eng., L.S.A., London. Lawrence, Alexander, M.A., Cullen. Matthew, Charles Mordaunt, London. Mackintosh, William, Moy. M'Connell, Jas. Fred. Parry, M.R.C.S. Eng., Allahabad. M'Calman, Robert G., Caithness. Mitchell, Patrick, M.Á., Old Rain. Nicol, Patrick, M.A., Aberdeen. Norton, John Alexander, M.R.C.S. Eng., Bristol. Rosser, Walter, London. Ruxton, John, Foveran. Shives, John, L.R.R.C.S. Ed., Auchterellon. Sinclair, David, Peterculter. Thomson, John Wm., Aberdeen. Waterworth, Edward Allan, Newport, Isle of Wight. Wintle, Henry, M.R.C.S. Eng., Clifton. Of the above-mentioned candidates, Brodie Cruickshank, Jas. F. Parry M'Connell, Patrick Nicol, and John Alexander Norton received their degrees in Medicine and Surgery with highest academical honours, Thomas Jewison Jefferson his degree in Medicine with academical honours, and George Wright Hutchison his degree in Surgery with academical honours. At the same time, George Skene Duff, Patrick Letters, and Patrick Blaikie Smith were certified as having passed all the examinations, and are entitled to receive degrees on their attaining the necessary age; that in the case of Patrick Blaikie Smith the degrees should be conferred with highest academical honours. And at the late graduation term, the following were declared to have passed part of their examinations: - APOTHECARIES' HALL. The following gentlemen passed their Examination in the Science and Practice of Medicine, and received Certificates to practise, on Thursday, August 5, 1869 Allchin, William Henry, Bayswater. Mason, Hugh Herbert, Burton-on-Trent, Tobin, George, Rainford, St. Helen's. The following gentlemen also, on the same day, passed their First Examination : : Barrow, Arthur Haynes, St. Thomas's Hospital. Day, Gordon C., St. Mary's Hospital. Law, William T., Guy's Hospital. Leake, George D. N., St. George's Hospital. Westcott, William W., University College Hospital. Wilson, John H. P., St. George's Hospital. APPOINTMENTS. The Editor will thank gentlemen to forward to the Publishing-office, as early as possible, information as to any new Appointments that take place. COOMBS, ROWLAND H., L.R.C.P. (Lond.)-Medical Officer to the Bedfordshire Middle Class Public School. HARTREE, J. P., M.A., M.B. Cantab.-Physician to the Royal Infirmary for Children and Women, Waterloo-road, vice J. B. Hicks, M.D., F.R.S., resigned. MOON, H., M.R.C.S., L.D.S.-Assistant Dental Surgeon to the Dental Hospital of London, vice C. J. Fox, M.R.C.S., L.D.S., promoted to Dental Surgeon. WRIGHT, HENRY R., M.B. and C.M. Univ. Edin.-Resident Medical Officer to the Darlington Hospital and Dispensary, vice A. O. Haslewood, M.R.C.S. and L.S.A., resigned. NAVAL APPOINTMENT. ADMIRALTY.-The following appointment has been made:-George E. Farr, Assistant-Surgeon to the Agincourt. BIRTHS. CARDEW.-On August 2, at Hertford, the wife of Dr. Cardew, InspectorGeneral of Hospitals, of a daughter. CORNER.-On August 7, at Manor-house, East India-road, Poplar, the wife of F. M. Corner, Surgeon, of a son. HASSALL.-On August 1, at Dynevor House, Richmond, Surrey, the wife of Dr. Hassall, of a daughter. PRANCE.-On August 6, at Heath-street, Hampstead, the wife of Robert R. Prance, M.D., of a daughter. MARRIAGES. CHEESMAN-HALLAM.-On August 4, at St. George's Church, Newcastle- HAZELDINE-RAY.-On August 5, at St. Giles's, Camberwell, George John STOKES-MOORE.-On August 3, at Clontarf Church, William Stokes, DEATHS. CARR, LIONEL KING, the infant son of Dr. L. K. Carr, Surgeon-Major, LEETE, EDWARD STOKES, Surgeon, son of the late Henry Leete, Esq., of O'GRADY, E. H., Esq., M.D., late Physician to the British Embassy, at Paris, at Caratival, Batticaloa, Ceylon, the residence of his third son, on June 15, aged 80. WRIGHT, CONSTANTINE, Esq., Surgeon, at his residence, Malvern-road, Dalston, on August 4, aged 59. VACANCIES. In the following list the nature of the office vacant, the qualifications required in the Candidate, the person to whom application should be made, and the day of election (as far as known) are stated in succession. BRIGHTON AND HOVE LYING-IN INSTITUTION.-Resident House-Surgeon; must be a Member of one of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Great Britain or Ireland, or L.R.C.P.L. or L.S.A. Applications and testimonials to the Chairman of the Committee of Management on or before September 2, election on September 9. BOURNEMOUTH GENERAL DISPENSARY.-Resident Surgeon. Candidates must be registered, and must possess a qualification in Medicine as well as Surgery. Testimonials, diplomas, etc., to be sent, under seal, to the President of the Bournemouth Dispensary on or before September 9. GUILDFORD UNION.-Medical Officer for the Albury District. Candidates must have the qualifications required by Poor-law Board. Applications and testimonials to W. H. Smallpeice, Esq., Clerk, Guildford, on or before September 3, election the next day at twelve o'clock, when candidates are requested to attend. KENT AND CANTERBURY HOSPITAL.-Assistant House-Surgeon and Dispenser; must be legally qualified to practise under the Medical Act of 1858, and be unmarried and not more than 40 years of age. Applications and testimonials to Thomas Southee, Esq., Secretary, on or before August 27, election the same day. KINGSBRIDGE UNION.-Medical Officer and Public Vaccinator for the ROYAL HOSPITAL FOR DISEASES OF THE CHEST, CITY-ROAD.-Physician; ST. GEORGE'S AND ST. JAMES'S DISPENSARY.-Surgeon; must be F. or TAUNTON UNION.-Medical Officer for the Bishop's Lydeard District. Candidates must possess the qualifications prescribed by the orders of the Poor-law Board, and will be required to reside in the district. Applications and testimonials to H. C. Trenchard, Esq., clerk, on or before August 14, election on August 19. WORKSOP DISPENSARY, NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.-House-Surgeon; must be legally qualified, and be unmarried. Applications and testimonials to G. Fisher, Esq., on or before August 31. The duties will commence on November 1. RESIGNATIONS. Atherstone Union.-Mr. Thos. Handford has resigned the Poleswort District; area 14,410; population 4649; salary £60 per annum. Guildford Union.--Mr. Edward Capron has resigned the Albury District; area 8190; population 2544; salary £60 per annum. Pocklington Union.-The Sutton-on-Derwent District is vacant; area 14,718; population 2399; salary £26 per annum. APPOINTMENTS. Auckland Union.-Samuel Fielden, L.R.C.P. Edin., M.R.C.S. Eng., to the Shildon District. Battle Union.-Roger Duke, M.R.C.S. Eng., L.S.A., to the Sixth District. Guildford Union.-Frederick Yate, M.R.C.S. Eng., L.S.A., to the Parish of Puttenham. Hartley Wintney Union.-Charles Wm. Hult, L.F.P. and S. Glas., L.S.A. Lond., L.M., to the Farnborough District. Shepton Mallet Union.-Daniel Anderson, L.R.C.P. Edin., L.F.S. Glas., L.M. Edin., to the Third District. Uxbridge Union.-John S. Ferris, B.M. Lond. Univ., L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S. Eng., L.S.A., to the Hillingdon District. West Ham Union.-Franz W. E. R. Goedicke, L.F.P. and S. Glas., L.S.A., to the West Ham and Little Ilford District. Wigton Union.-Andrew Scott, M.D. Univ. Glas., to the Bowness District. THE MAYORALTY OF DERRY.-Another Medical man, Dr. Miller, has been unanimously chosen to succeed the late lamented Dr. Babington in the above office. ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY.-The Library will be closed from Monday, August 16, to Saturday, September 11, both days inclusive. ACADÉMIE DE MÉDECINE.-M. Germain Sée was at the last meeting elected into the Section of Internal Pathology, in the place of the late M. Grisolle. DEATH OF PROFESSOR PURKINJE.-Professor Purkinje, of Prague, one of the most celebrated physiologists of modern times, and especially known for his researches on vibratile cilia and the development of the ovum, died July 28, in the eightysecond year of his age. DEATH OF PROFESSOR HEYFELDER.-Originally Professor of Clinical Surgery in the University of Erlangen, this distinguished Surgeon was invited to St. Petersburg, where he has filled some highly important posts in the St. Petersburg Military Hospitals, and also as sanitary adviser to the Government. He was the author of numerous reports and works, the most remarkable of which is his "Traité des Résections et Amputations," 1859. DEATH OF DR. MEIGS.-The venerable Dr. Charles D. Meigs, one of the most distinguished Medical Practitioners in the United States, and well known in this country as a writer on obstetrics, died suddenly June 22. He was a native of Georgia, but since 1820 resided in Pennsylvania. In 1840 he was appointed to a Professorship in Jefferson Medical College, and laboured there with much success during 20 years. He was also connected with the obstetrical department of Pennsylvania Hospital for about ten years. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON.-At a session of Council held on the 7th inst., Mr. George Grote, President of the College, in the chair, Mr. G. V. Poore, M.B., M.S. Lond., was appointed resident Medical Officer of University College Hospital. A free Medical scholarship was awarded to Mr. T. G. Vawdrey, of St. Austell, on the nomination of the Council of the Medical College, Epsom, of which he has been a pupil. HERPES CIRCINATUS.-Professor Hardy employs the following sulpho-alkaline ointment, continuing it for some time after apparent cure, in order to prevent the reproduction of the parasite:-Sublimated and washed sulphur, 1 to 1 part; subcarbonate of potash, to part; lard, 30 parts. HEALTH OF SCOTLAND.-The July report of the Registrar-General states that the deaths of 2424 persons were registered in the eight principal towns during the month, of whom 1266 were males and 1158 females. This number, after allowing for increase of population, is 253 above the average number recorded for July during the last ten years. Of the 2424 deaths registered, 1132, or 47 per cent., were those of children under 5 years of age. In Aberdeen, 30 per cent. of the persons who died were under 5 years of age; in Perth, 34; in Dundee, 42; in Paisley, 43; in Edinburgh, 44; in Glasgow, 49; in Greenock, 54; and in Leith, 56 per cent. MR. RICHARDSON, one of the Medical Officers for Middlesbrough, Stockton-on-Tees Union, having been charged with neglect of duty, the allegations were inquired into by the Middlesbrough Relief Committee, who exonerated Mr. Richardson from all blame, and expressed an opinion that the charge had been made from personal motives alone. BRISTOL ROYAL INFIRMARY.-Messrs. Husbands and Clarke, opticians, Bristol, have this week presented to the Bristol Royal Infirmary a barometer for the use of that institution. The Faculty of the Infirmary have frequently expressed a desire for such an instrument, and, their wishes being made known to Messrs. Husbands and Clarke, those gentlemen immediately sent one as a gift. The barometer is a very neat and useful one, provided with a maximum and minimum thermometer and a hygrometer. It has been placed in the entrancehall of the Infirmary, and is much admired. THE ESMONDE WILL CASE.-This cause célèbre, the particulars of which we detailed in our number for June 20, 1868 (p. 664), when, on the occasion of its trial in the Dublin Court of Probate, the jury disagreed, has just been decided at the Carlow Assizes in favour of the plaintiffs, the will being thus established. It will be recollected that the late Lady Esmonde, after specifying various bequests, left the residue of her property, a very large sum, to found a college in the County of Wexford under the direction of the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin, to be called "Grogan College," with the stipulation that in it preference should be given to the sons of Protestant clergymen. Reference to the facts of the case, as briefly recapitulated in our former article, will leave little doubt in the minds of our readers that the second jury has come to a just conclusion in the matter. AMENITIES OF PAUPER PRACTICE.- On Saturday last, at the Guildhall, Margaret Gray, a vellum stitcher, was charged before Sir Sydney H. Waterlow with being disorderly and annoying Dr. Elliott in his house, and also with assaulting him with her umbrella. Dr. Elliott said he was Medical Officer to the City of London Union, and that morning, about 10 o'clock, the prisoner came to him for some medicine, she being a parish patient. She wanted to know when he could cure her, but he told her he could make no calculation as to when he could cure a woman who took gin as early as 6 o'clock in the morning. At that remark she became very much enraged, and poked him in the chest with her umbrella. He went into his Surgery to avoid her, but she followed him, striking him on the back with the umbrella, and he was obliged to give her into custody. The prisoner admitted the assault, but said that Dr. Elliott could cure her if he liked, but he would not. She asked him when he would cure her, and he aggravated her with his tongue. She begged to be forgiven, and she would never act as she had done again. Dr. Elliott said she had often annoyed him before, but that, if he could be assured she would not repeat the offence, he did not wish to press the charge. Sir Sydney H. Waterlow bound over the prisoner in her own recognisances in £10 to keep the peace for six months. THE yellow fever is said to have broken out on board her Majesty's ship Eclipse, which has arrived at Halifax, Nova Scotia, from the Rio Grande. Eighteen deaths had occurred. PHTHISIS IN WORKHOUSES.-In the yearly report of the sanitary condition of St. Giles's, by Dr. George Ross, is the following:-"Some interesting facts are brought out in the last table which serve to illustrate the vital and economic peculiarities of the inmates of workhouses. The largest number of deaths was from phthisis (61), the next in fatality was bronchitis (49), but whilst the average age of those dying from phthisis in the workhouse (38) is very nearly the same as of those dying from phthisis in the district at large, the average age of those dying from bronchitis in the workhouse (57) is half as high again as of those dying from the same disease in the district. These anomalies are explained by the circumstance that the inmates of the workhouse are chiefly adults and aged people. Phthisis, being a disease, in the main, of adult life, brings down its victims at about the same age, whether in the workhouse or out of it; and most of those who died in the workhouse no doubt came in with the malady already formed; whilst the deaths from bronchitis in the district fell largely among children under two years of age, of whom there are few in the workhouse. There is a singular discrepancy also. The deaths from phthisis in the workhouse were-males 41, females 20, or more than double the number of males; whilst in the district at large they were at the rate of males 118, females 100. It would seem, therefore, that when a wife or daughter fell ill, the husband, being strong and in work, proferred, if possible, to keep the sick one at home; but when the husband or son fell ill, and was unable to labour, there was no resource left but the workhouse. In bronchitis the conditions are, in a certain degree, changed; but this is explained by the fact that bronchitis attacks older people, and is most severe beyond the working age. More women live to the age when as to sexes (among adults) bronchitis is fatal than men-a fact that is brought out also in the general mortality of the district, where the deaths from bronchitis are-for males 88, females 119." A DRUGGIST was committed for trial at the Thames Police-office, on Saturday last, for signing a certificate to the effect that a child brought to his shop was not in a fit state to be vaccinated. He signed the name of a qualified Practitioner, who, it appears, was in the druggist's house at the time. The druggist said, in defence, that he had the authority of the Medical gentleman to attach his name to the document. The Surgeon had no recollection of having given such authority, and the magistrate committed the defendant for trial, taking bail for his appearance. Ten THE NEW SYDENHAM SOCIETY.-The report presented to the eleventh annual meeting held at Leeds, July, 1869, states: -"The conclusion of the Society's eleventh year finds it in its usual condition of prosperity. The income for 1868 was nearly equal to that for 1867, and exceeded that for 1866, amounting in total to £2951. During the year, including the Catalogue of Portraits of Skin Diseases,' five volumes were issued, thus making a total of forty volumes in ten years. The financial state of the Society is such that the Council feels no anxiety as to its being able, in the future, to continue the annual average of four volumes. The balance now in hand amounts to nearly £1000, and, in addition to the usual income from annual subscriptions, the Society possesses a valuable property in stock in hand. The demand for back volumes is still steady. complete sets were required during the year. The Council has recently adopted for translation several important works, which will, it believes, be acceptable to the Profession. Amongst these are- -Professor Niemeyer's Lectures on Phthisis.' Wunderlich's Treatise on Temperature in Disease' (being a complete guide to the use of the thermometer in Medical practice). Stricker's Manual of Human and Comparative Histology.' This work will be a complete treatise on the microscopic anatomy of the tissues, and will be produced (under the editorship of Dr. Stricker) by a staff of authors which includes most of the distinguished histologists of Germany. Only the first part is as yet published. Its translation has been entrusted by the Council to Mr. Henry Power, the editor of the last edition of Carpenter's 'Physiology.' The first volume will probably be ready early next year, and the issue of the English edition will be almost simultaneous with that of the original." As a compliment to the local secretaries, it is proposed to request the President and the several ex-Presidents (Dr. Williams, Sir Thomas Watson, Mr. Paget, Dr. Stokes, and Mr. Hilton) to allow their photographs to be taken in a handsome manner for presentation in a suitable form to the Society's honorary officers. This suggestion was warmly approved, and was recommended to the consideration of the Council by a unanimous vote. The following is the list of officers for 1869-70: Vice-Presidents: -President: John Hilton, Esq., F.R.S. Henry W. Acland, M.D., F.R.S. (Oxford); Thomas E. Beatty, M.D. (Dublin); James R. Bennett, M.D.; Charles Chadwick, M.D. (Leeds); *Edward Charlton, M.D. (Newcastle); *Sir Dominic Corrigan, M.D., Bart. (Dublin); Samuel Hey, Esq. (Leeds); W. D. Husband, Esq. (York); *G. E. Paget, M.D. (Cambridge); James Paget, Esq., F.R.S.; Thomas B. Peacock, M.D.; Francis Sibson, M.D., F.R.S.; Sir J. Y. Simpson, M.D., D.C.S., Bart. (Edinburgh); Sir Thomas Watson, M.D., F.R.S., Bart.; C. J. B. Williams, M.D., F.R.S.; Erasmus Wilson, Esq., F.R.S. Council: *Francis E. Anstie, M.D.; John Barclay, M.D. (Leicester); J. W. Bartleet, M.B. (Birmingham); *Warburton Begbie, M.D. (Edinburgh); Charles Brooke, Esq.,F.R.S.; Thomas Cammack, M.D. (Spalding); Thomas M. Daldy, M.D.; Herbert Davies, M.D.; J. Langdon H. Down, M.D.; Robert Druitt, M.R.C.P.; A.E. Durham, Esq.; *C. Hilton Fagge, M.D.; *R. Wilbraham Falconer, M.D. (Bath); Samuel Fenwick, M.D.; Christopher Heath, Esq.; M. H. Higginbottom, Esq. (Nottingham); *James Hinton, Esq.; J. Hughlings-Jackson, M.D.; T. Carr Jackson, Esq.; J. C. Langmore, M.B.; Arthur Leared, B.A., M.D., M.R.I.A.; G. May, Esq. (Reading); W. D. Moore, M.D. (Dublin); John W. Ogle, M.D.; E. S. Ormerod, M.D. (Brighton); Oliver Pemberton, Esq. (Birmingham); W. Roberts, M.D. (Manchester); *George Shann, M.Ď. (York); Septimus W. Sibley, Esq.; A. P. Stewart, M.D.; William Turner, M.B., F.R.S.E. (Edinburgh); Hermann Weber, M.D. Treasurer: W. Sedgwick Saunders, M.D., 13, Queen-street, Cheapside, E.C. Auditors: J. S. Bristowe, M.D.; Thomas Bryant, Esq.; Andrew Clark, M.D. Hon. Secretary: Jonathan Hutchinson, Esq., 4, Finsbury-circus, E.C. (Those whose names are marked with an asterisk were not in office last year.) DR. MAXWELL SIMPSON.-We (Daily Express) learn with sincere pleasure that Dr. Maxwell Simpson has been appointed Examiner in Chemistry to the Queen's University. This is the first substantial recognition which this chemist of European fame has met with in his own country, and it is but a small one. Some years ago Trinity College conferred on him the distinction of an honorary degree-an act by which the donor was honoured as much as the recipient. The British Association has repeatedly defrayed the expenses of important investigations in organic chemistry in which he has been engaged. But even a scientific man can scarcely live on honorary degrees or elaborate experiments. THE Maharajah of Jeypore has himself assembled within his capital, under his especial auspices and patronage, a congress for the advancement of social science and the diffusion within his territory of the benefits which can thereby be secured to his people. The inaugural proceedings were of the most satisfactory character, and took place in the Medical Hall, one of the many new institutions established by his Highness. The meeting was largely attended by the chief members of the State and nobility, and presided over by the Maharajah in person, supported by the presence of Colonel Keatinge, A.G.G., and Major Beynon, political agent at Jeypore. Most of the European and influential native residents were present also. The Delhi Gazette, in commenting upon the objects of the Society, which are truly liberal, says: "We cannot speak in terms of praise too high of the enlightenment and benevolent spirit displayed by the ruler of this state while so much ignorance and superstitious prejudice are rampant amongst almost every class of the people of Rajpootana. Nor can we but feel gratified that he has those about him who, by their wise counsel and co-operation, can help him to make head against the many formidable obstructions with which he is naturally surrounded. Among them there is none so prominent by his readiness to second every effort tending to the improvement of the people and the good of the State, by his broad views, his benevolent character, and by his enlightened counsel, as the president of this Congress, Nawab Mahomed Fyz Ali Khan Bahadoor, Prime Minister of the State, May it ever be the good fortune of the subjects of Jeypore to enjoy the privilege of having a beneficent ruler, with wisdom in his councils! COMPOSITION AND QUALITY OF THE METROPOLITAN WATERS IN JULY, 1869.-The following are the returns of the Metropolitan Association of Medical Officers of Health : : Hardness. Thames Water Com- Grains. Grains. Grains. Grains. Degs. panies. Grand Junction West Middlesex Southwark & Vauxhall As Nitrates Ammo&c. nia. As Before After Boiling. Boiling. Degs. 19.20 17.81 0:069 0.066 0.000 14.0 0.069 0:030 0.002 13.6 3.4 3.4 Chelsea Lambeth 18:07 0.061 0.060 0.000 13.8 18.17 0.061 0:030 0.000 17.97 0:057 0.030 0.000 3.3 13.9 3.3 13.5 3.3 East London 27.60 0.016 0.128 The average quantity of water supplied daily to the metropolis in the month of June was, according to the returns of the Water Companies to the Medical Officers of Health, 103,670,995 gallons, and the number of houses supplied was 464,798. This is at the rate of 32.7 gallons per head of the population daily. Note. The amount of oxygen required to oxidise the organic matter, nitrites, etc., is determined by a standard solution of permanganate of potash acting for three hours; and in the case of the metropolitan waters the quantity of organic matter is about eight times the amount of oxygen required by it. |