presence in Savannah caused its suspension for a time,

In

1867 JOHN HOLBROOK ESTILL purchased an interest in it, and gave his entire time to its upbuilding. It was a fearless paper during the Reconstruction Period, and greatly aided in restoring good government and democratic rule. It was the first paper in Georgia that had a special Washington correspondent.

Colonel Estill was born in Charleston, South Carolina, in -1840. His father was William Estill, a bookbinder and printer, so, from childhood, he has been connected with a printing establishment. His father moved to Savannah in 1851, and the boy began his career in the office of the Evening Journal when only eleven years of age. He attended school, and between times clerked. When the War between the States came on he volunteered in the first regiment to enter Confederate service. After the war he entered the newspaper work, and in 1868 was both editor and proprietor of the Morning News, having Thompson associated with him. The success of the paper shows the man that has been back of it. Colonel Estill proves plainly what indomitable perseverance, steady application, rare executive ability, and excellent judgment will accomplish for a man. He is a fine example of the self-made man, and his paper has always stood for purity and truth. The policy of the paper has been accuracy, promptness and fairness-and this has always been maintained.

His first work in Savannah was on the Evening Express. He established the Southern Farmer's Monthly, now consolidated with the Southern Cultivator of Atlanta, edited by the Hunnicutts (see page 385), and the Sunday Telegram, now the Morning News.

There are many other papers that have had their birth in Savannah-some have lived, others have died. One of the most promising of the later papers is The Savannah Press, established by PLEASANT A. STOVALL, in 1891. He is editor

and proprietor. This paper has always advocated purity in politics and everything that will tend to the upbuilding of a great State. Read its editorials and you can read the man who sends them forth. Pleasant Stovall was born in Augusta, Georgia, in 1857, and was graduated from the University of Georgia. His father, P. A. Stovall, a member of the wellknown family of that name from Augusta, Georgia, was a brave Confederate soldier, and with his wife, the lovely Mattie Wilson, the daughter of a Presbyterian missionary, reared their children in the fear of God, and taught them first to be true to Him and then to their church, and then to their country. Can one wonder at the spirit shown by the son? He is loyal to his country because it is his; true in every instinct to the South, and what she stands for, because he is a Southerner by birth and training; and a bold defender of his State and her best interests because he is a Georgian, and is found striving to make her the greatest State in the Union.

At one time he was editor of the Augusta Chronicle, one of the oldest papers in the South. Besides his work as an editor, he has written a Life of Robert Toombs, one of Georgia's great statesmen, which was published in 1892.

The Old Homestead, started in Savannah, continued but a short time and was moved to Atlanta.

SENATOR THOMAS M. NORWOOD, of Savannah, born in Talbot county, Georgia, in 1830, has been closely identified with journalism in his own State. He is also the author of a book, Plutocracy or American White Slavery.

The Macon Telegraph was established in 1826 at Macon, Georgia. It became identified with The Messenger, a paper owned by SIMON ROSE, but edited by Gen. William M. Browne. Connected with that paper have been such men as JOSEPH CLISBY, H. H. JONES, A. R. WATSON, ANDERSON REESE, ALBERT R. LAMAR, HARRY EDWARDS, F. H. RICHARDSON, A. A. ALLEN, and others.

He had

Probably ALBERT LAMAR wielded as powerful a pen in moulding public opinion as any writer in the State. He was a student and a thinker, and his style was pointed and polished to the highest degree. His editorials were read with the keenest delight, whether one agreed with him or not. a wit and humor that was absolutely captivating. HARRY STILLWELL EDWARDS succeeded Lamar. been local editor for some years during the time that Lamar was editor, and in 1881 became associate editor and part owner with J. F. HANSON, one of Macon's leading business men (see page 529).

He had

The present owners and editors of The Telegraph are the Pendleton brothers--CHARLES RITTENHOUSE PENDLETON and LOUIS BEAUREGARD PENDLETON.

Charles was born on his father's farm in Effingham county, Georgia, in 1850. His father was PHILIP C. PENDLETON, who had the honor of editing the first magazine published in the South-The Magnolia, Richmond, Virginia, 1840. He moved to Georgia and had his son educated in the public schools of Valdosta. In 1879 Charles married Miss Sallie Patterson Peeples, of Valdosta. He had early become interested in journalism, and between this and politics divided his time. He is really the business manager of the paper, and his brother is the literary man.

LOUIS BEAUREGARD PENDLETON was born at Tebeauville, now Waycross, Georgia, in 1861. He was educated at Valdosta, then sent to the College of the New Jerusalem church, at Philadelphia. He began early to contribute articles to the press, and has published several books. His works are: Bewitched, In the Wire-Grass, King Tom and the Runaways, The Wedding Garment, The Sons of Ham, In the Okefinokee, Corona of the Nantahalas, Carila, Lost Prince Almon, In the Camps

of the Creeks, A Forest Drama, and In Assyrian Tents. He has written for magazines and periodicals articles not yet collected in book form.

THE MACON NEWS, established in 1884, has for its editor and manager R. L. MCKENNEY, and for news editor R. L. SIMMONS, JR.

The Columbus Enquirer-Sun, one of the oldest papers in Georgia, was founded in 1828 by Mirabeau Lamar (page 129). In 1830 he was succeeded by Henry W. Hilliard (page 741). S. M. Flournoy followed and was editor from 1834 to 1857. It passed through many hands before BEALE HOWARD RICHARDSON became its editor in 1889, and its owner in 1894.

He was a Baltimore man, born there in 1841, and reared and educated there. His father was BEALE HOWARD RICHARDSON, also a journalist, and the editor of The Argus, a paper of Baltimore, suppressed in 1863 for its loyalty to the South. His son learned to love newspaper work by being so much in the printing-office of The Argus. The War between the States interrupted all his plans. He joined the army, served faithfully during the war, surrendered with General Dick Taylor at Meridian, Mississippi, then went to Mobile, Alabama, sold his watch, invested the money in citizen's clothes, interested Colonel Ballantyne in reviving the Mobile Tribune, and became associate editor with him. In 1871 he was offered a position on the Morning News, at Savannah; he edited at the same time the Sunday Telegram, and later bought the Times. He then moved to Montgomery, edited the Evening Star, and later the Hot Blast, at Anniston, and finally moved his family to Columbus, Georgia, his home until his death in 1885.

Colonel Richardson's family is of revolutionary renown, and stands high in the social and political history of Maryland. He was succeeded in 1885 by CLARENCE Irvin Groover,

its present editor and owner. He was born in Brooks county, Georgia, in 1864, and is the son of Dr. James Irvin Groover and Emily Johnson.

The names of the DeWolfes, father and son, are associated with the TIMES and MR. and MRS. E. T. BYINGTON with THE LEDGER.

Among the early Atlanta papers was THE NATIONAL AMERICAN, Owned by COL. C. R. HANLEITER and edited by COL. J. S. PETERSON. This paper was an authority on statistics concerning the South. Col. Hanleiter was afterwards associated with THE SOUTHERN MISCELLANY, which was moved from Madison, Georgia, to Atlanta.

The first daily paper in Atlanta was The Intelligencer, edited by Major John H. Steele, and owned by Judge Jared I. Whitaker. This was in 1851. It was a democratic paper, and for eight years rendered valuable service to Georgia, during the time that Joseph E. Brown was Governor, and was considered the leading daily of North Georgia. The Daily New Era was established July, 1865, J. W. Phillips and J. S. Prather, editors and proprietors. January, 1866, Phillips's interest was purchased by Hon. W. L. Scruggs, a trained journalist and editorial writer of distinguished ability. October following Dr. Samuel Bard bought the paper, and it became an organ of the Republican party. The Herald and The Sun, two other Atlanta papers of short lives, had on their staffs such well-known journalists as HENRY GRADY, ROBERT ALSTON, A. ST. CLAIR ABRAMS, CINCINNATUS PEEPLES, ALEXANDER STEPHENS, A. R. WATSON, the poet, P. J. MORAN, WILLIAM H. MOORE, JOSIAH CARTER and others as distinguished.

The Atlanta Constitution, one of the greatest papers in the South for moulding public opinion, was founded in 1868, in Atlanta, Georgia, a few years after the War between the