Handbuch der OrientalistikGandhara, with its wide variety of architectural remains and sculptures, has for many decades perplexed students of South and Central Asia. Kurt Behrendt in this volume for the first time and convincingly offers a description of the development of 2nd century B.C.E. to 8th century C.E. Buddhist sacred centers in ancient Gandhara, today northwest Pakistan. Regional variations in architecture and sculpture in the Peshawar basin, Swat, and Taxila are discussed. At last a chronological framework is given for the architecture and the sculpture of Gandhara, but also light is being shed on how relic structures were utilized through time, as devotional imagery became increasingly significant to Buddhist religious practice. With an important comparative overview of architectural remains, it is indispensable for all those interested in the development of the early Buddhist tradition of south and central Asia and the roots of Buddhism elsewhere in Asia. |
Contents
Overview of Greater Gandhāra | 12 |
The Development of Relic Shrines | 61 |
The Phase II Sacred Area | 77 |
65 | 97 |
Sacred Area | 100 |
of the Sacred Area in Taxila the Peshawar | 107 |
Phase III Architecture and Sculpture | 135 |
Mountain Vihāras | 136 |
37 | 185 |
47 | 192 |
Phase III Sculpture in the Peshawar | 211 |
Dating Gandhāran Sculpture | 268 |
B3 Dating Monumental Schist Devotional Icons | 281 |
Reuse of Images and Its Bearing on | 288 |
Numeric Count of Sculpture Types from | 296 |
Glossary | 305 |
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Common terms and phrases
Afghanistan appears Appendix Archaeological Survey ashlar Azes II base Behrendt bodhisattvas Buddha Buddha images built Butkara cell century C.E. chronology coins construction date to phase depictions devotional icons dharmacakra Dharmarājikā Dharmarajikā complex diaper masonry direct-access relic donated drum early embellishment end of phase Errington Excavations extant Faccenna false gable gandhakuți Gandhara Gaṛhī Ibid iconography image shrines imagery inscription Jamal Jandial Jauliañ Kalawan late phase Loose Sculpture lower sacred area main stupa Marjanai Marshall masonry Mekhasanda Mizuno Mohṛā Mohra Morādu monumental image shrines mountain vihāras mudrā narrative panels narrative reliefs Nathou niches numismatic Numismatic Evidence Pakistan patronage period Peshawar basin Phase II Architecture phase II stūpas Pippala pradakṣinapatha quadrangular monasteries Ranigat reused sacred area Sahri-Bahlôl Saidu Sharif schist sculpture seated Buddha semi-ashlar masonry Sikri Sirkap small sacred area small stūpas Śrāvastī structures stucco stupa court suggest Survey of India Swat Taddei Takht-i-bāhī Tāngai Taxila Thareli two-celled shrines