Type-2 Diabetic Nephropathy in Japan: From Bench to BedsideYasuhiko Tomino Type-2 diabetic nephropathy is one of the major long-term microvascular complications occurring in nearly 40% of diabetic patients in Japan. The purpose of this book is to review recent work on the genetic background, pathogenesis and treatment of this disorder and to provide the most up-to-date findings on these subjects in Japan.The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy includes both metabolic and / or hemodynamic factors, as well as renal hypertrophy. Hyperglycemia is necessary, but not sufficient, for its initiation and progression: The toxicity of persistent hyperglycemia results from glucose overutilization and multiple secondary effects. Moreover, diabetic nephropathy is generally considered to alter the chemical composition of the glomerular basement membrane and mesangium. At present, it is supposed that the increases in extracellular matrix accumulation due to TGF-beta activation might be related to the glomerular sclerosis in diabetic nephropathy. Although large numbers of candidate genes have been analyzed, those related to initiation and progression are still obscure in patients with type-2 diabetic nephropathy.Presenting clinical findings and issues related to laboratory analysis, this book will be of interest for nephrologists, diabetologists, pathologists, biochemists, general physicians and residents. |
Contents
Animal Models | 9 |
Mesangial Cell Dysfunction as a Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy | 16 |
Advanced Glycation End Products and the Pathogenesis of Diabetic | 30 |
Carbonyl Stress | 36 |
Role of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy | 46 |
Lipid Abnormality | 55 |
Impairment of ECM Production | 63 |
Podocyte Loss and Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy | 69 |
Classification of Type2 Diabetic Nephropathy in Japan | 79 |
Renal Biopsy Findings and Clinical Course | 97 |
Blood Pressure Control in Diabetic Nephropathy | 113 |
Gene Therapy for Diabetic Nephropathy | 127 |
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Common terms and phrases
abnormalities activation advanced glycation end albumin albuminuria aldose reductase allele angiotensin antibody basement membrane Bench to Bedside captopril Clin Invest clinical Contrib Nephrol cystatin decreased Department of Internal diabetes mellitus diabetic glomeruli diabetic nephropathy diabetic rats Diabetologia Division of Nephrology endothelial enzyme extracellular matrix gene genetic glomeruli glomerulosclerosis glucose glycation end products glycemic control high glucose hyperglycemia hypertension increased inhibitor insulin Internal Medicine Japanese Juntendo University Kidney Int levels lipid lipoprotein macrophages mesangial cells mesangial expansion mesangial matrix metabolism mice microalbuminuria Nephrology Nephropathy in Japan normoalbuminuria oxidized LDL pathogenesis of diabetic patients with diabetic podocytes polymorphism polyol pathway progression of diabetic protein kinase proteinuria receptor renal disease renal failure renal function reported role School of Medicine stage Suzuki TGF-B TGF-ß therapy Tomino transforming growth treatment Type-2 Diabetic Nephropathy type-2 diabetic patients type-IV collagen uAFs UKPDS urinary albumin excretion Ziyadeh FN