these ancestors then preserving their houses, The most deel of hege men that in Englonde ben, but as curious insulated particulars, worthy of a skeleton monument is in 1241. Cross-legged being recalled to the memory of readers. figures are between 1224 and 1313 They "In the Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth imply Crusaders, or that the parties had vowed are thirteen folio volumes of curious documents, to take the journey. The armour is complete called Carte Antique, containing church mail, with only knee-pieces of plate. grants of offices and lands; leases, dispensa- "Fourteenth Century-Lombardic capitals tions, elections, licenses, ordinations, appro- on tombstones not used after 1361. The text At present there are few English families who priations, wills, taxations, visitations, inquisi- or old English hand succeeded, and continued pretend to higher antiquity than the Norman tions post mortem, inquisitions of lands, bonds, till the reign of Elizabeth. The inscriptions invasion; and it is probable that not many of lists of recusants, miscellaneous charters, were engraven on brass, and the words abbrethese can authenticate their pretensions. On awards, sales, exchanges, letters, sentences of viated. The armour is a mixture of mail and making an abstract of the English printed the prerogative court, surveys, valuations, papal plate, but mostly mail. Coats of arms were peerage, it appears that out of 249 noblemen, indulgences, lists of clergy, terriers, rentals, not quartered by subjects, until this century: the number of thirty-five laid claim to having &c. &c. The State Paper Office is likewise in John Hastings, Earl of Pembroke, was the traced their descent beyond the Conquest; possession of some Charte Antiquæ. In private first. Supporters to arms first occur, being forty-nine prior to the year 1100; twenty- families long possessed of landed property, the used by Richard II. Coronets first appear: nine prior to the year 1200; thirty-two prior Chartæ Antiquæ are sometimes numerous be- the instance is in John of Eltham, who died to the year 1300; twenty-six prior to the year yond calculation. It is known that the How- 1334. 1400; seventeen prior to the year 1500; ard, Perey, Cavendish, Temple, Scudamore, "Fifteenth Century. ➡ Burials in chapels twenty-six prior to the year 1600; and thirty and other noble repositories, contain thou- introduced. In armour, from 1400 all plate but little prior to the year 1700. The number sands, perhaps it is not overrating them to but the gorgets in 1416 all plate, occurs. of peers entered in that peerage is 294, ex- say that the above-named contain from ten to Henry V. was the first who bore three fleurs de clusive of the royal family; but of that list no twenty thousand each one single chartulary lis instead of semées tev satisfactory conclusion could be drawn as to of the Percys contains nearly two thousand "Sixteenth Century. Inlaid with brass. the commencement of the pedigrees of forty- transcripts; and the schedule of the Scudamore Altar monuments at the beginning of this five noblemen. Among all the noble Scotch deeds and documents, carried into, and now century. Monuments against the wall, chiefly families of whose high antiquity vanity is some- remaining in the master's office of the Court of since the Reformation. Roman round-hand times apt to boast, the house of Marre seems Chancery, in the matter of the Duchess of took place about the end of the reign of to be that which can at once carry its nobility Norfolk, a lunatic, comprises 8969 instruments. Henry VIII. Orate pro-anima' was disto the remotest period, and authenticate it by Deeds began to be dated in the reign of Ed- continued on monuments at the Reformation: the best evidence. Their nobility can be traced, ward I.; but the practice was not general till Catholics only have used it since. The first on tolerable evidence, at least to the days of the reign of his successor, Edward II. deviation from the Gothic forms of tombs is Malcolm Canmore, A.D. 1093." "Monumental inscriptions being memorials the monument of Lord Darnley's mother, who In the course of his work the author has not of our once flourishing ancestors designed to died in 1578. Skeletons in shrouds succeeded, only pointed out the sources of pedigrees from perpetuate their remembrance to future ages, and were imitated by corpses in shrouds, tied ancient records, but has given a chapter on are of no despicable use to heralds in tracing head and foot. Figures supported their heads Coats of Arms, in which he informs us, there pedigrees, or lawyers in making out titles to on the right hands;-an attitude taken from is a sculpture of the arms of Grimaldi erected estates; but it should at the same time be par- the Greek and Roman monuments. A kneelat the period of building the castle of Grimaldi, ticularly remembered, that these inscriptions ing attitude for children takes date not till in 1084 !-proof of this would be quite a new are very frequently erroneous in dates, and after the Reformation; nor for parents, except light to the lovers of heraldry, as we have sometimes even in names. The monuments to the cross; nor the infant in swaddling never met with any satisfactory clue to the of Sterne and Goldsmith may be referred to clothes, nor cradle. origin of that art, until about a century later for notorious proofs of this assertion: in the than this instance of the Grimaldi arms; and latter there is an error of no less than three that is the coat of Geoffrey Plantagenet, de- years. scribed by Stothard. Mr. Grimaldi also informs us that the Norman tiles engraved in Mr. Henneker's letter to the Antiquarian Society, may be considered as proving arms to have been hereditary from the Conquest. In our opinion they prove no such thing. Arms were first quartered in England on the tomb of Eleanor, queen of Edward I., and not by the "Tenth and Eleventh Centuries.The cofEarl of Pembroke in the reign of Edward III. fin lid in the form of a prism, the better to In another respect also we differ from the shoot off the wet, because the bottom part of At Vienna, says the intelligent author: author. We had always supposed that the the stone coffin lay on the ground. In armour, "From the specimens of the musical perbest account of the Herald's Records was to be the rustred, ringed, trellised, tegulated, mascled, formances I have met with, there is scarcely a found in the Report of the Committee of the and edge-ringed, obtained use. corner of Europe in which the taste of the House of Commons in 1800, which was drawn Twelfth Century.Coffin lids improved operatic community can be worse. It has been up from the papers furnished by the College or distinguished with crosses, at first plain, said that the people of Vienna are Rossini mad, of Arms: this, according to Mr. Grimaldi, then fleury, in bas-relief. Tables, whereon but they are not only mad for him, but mad p. 251, is very imperfect; and Moule's Ac- effigies or sculpture. Priests had chalices in for his worst imitators; with good ears, they count of a Visitation in Lancashire, is pro- their hands, on their breast; prelates had tolerate the worst of music. They ont-herod nounced to be erroneous in the same flippant mitres, crosiers, great crosses, and pontifical Herod in their noisy and vociferous applause of style. Now, the latter is the most copious habits; knights had arms, spurs, and swords. their favourites: this is the system now puraccount of heraldical MSS. which has yet been The armour as in the preceding century.sued towards a lady who is in the good graces published; and from a condensation of the No coats of arms on shields, or otherwise, of the audience; she receives a loud greeting former, viz. the House of Commons Report, occur prior to this century. The earliest on her entrance, is interrupted with bravas in the greater part of Mr. Grimaldi's own book known in England are those of Geffrey Mag- the middle of her song, there is more applause has been compiled. It is not very ingenuous, naville, Earl of Essex, buried in the Temple when she has finished; and after quitting the therefore, to use and abuse the same document. Church, 1165. stage, she is regularly called for back to make We will now conclude with extracting a few "Thirteenth Century. Coffin stones, with her obeisance, and to hear fresh acclamations. unconnected paragraphs, not so much as ex- heads or bodies emerging from them, and Mademoiselle Lalande is clever, but she would amples of the work, which is not, indeed, sus- placed in walls, with arches turned over them. not deserve all this if she united in her own ceptible of being thus illustrated by a Review, The first brass statue, that of Henry III. person all the talents of all the singers from Lombardic capitals became general on tomb- Gabrielli to Fodor, and such noisy commendahad any of the first,-and few only were fortunate enough to obtain any of the latter. Sir Matthew Hale states, stones. The first table monument is that tion would seem more like a combination to that several generations elapsed after the Conquest, before of King John, who died in 1216 and the support worthless music and a bad performer, one family of Saxon pedigree was raised to any con- fashion lasted until the reign of James I. if it were not known that the vanity of many siderable honours, or could so much as obtain the rank of a baron of the realm. French epitaphs occur. The oldest instance of hearers leads them to bestow it for the sake of "Directions for ascertaining the Dates of Monuments.-Instead of adding in this place specimens already sufficiently notorious, it has been thought preferable to give some slight guides, by which the date of an ancient monu ment may be ascertained, when its legend can no longer be deciphered. "Seventeenth Century.-The latest date of animals at the feet is 1645. Cumbent figures oceur till 1676." A few further illustrations will be given next week, 200 Ramble among the Musicians of Germany. (Second Notices Toqat AT the conclusion of our first notice of this volume, we promised a few further illustrations of its entertaining contents, which are accordingly appended. But we will close our long extracts with a sample of a pipe not musical. The Leipsic students are excellently drawn. a side-long compliment to their own discrimi-throws out with great fervour, and once or feeling and sensibility struck out in a monation and taste. Every thing Italian is in twice I could not help thinking, that had he mentary impulse. Too many lads have been › fashion at Vienna, the language, music, and just been shipwrecked, and was clinging to a made players and singers because they have singers; and though the opera house is a poor plank in the Bay of Biscay, he could not have elastic fingers or loud voices, who are wholly desone, seen after that at Munich, the former has made more noise to hail a ship that was pass-titute of the musical gift, perhaps even of an the advantage (if it can be called so) of having ing, than he did on a dry stage for the sake of ear. If physical advantages as well as genius be a composer and a corps of native artists, so that Pacini's opera. David does not want feeling, necessary to make a player, it is a pity wholly the Italian opera in its original state flourishes if he would but in some degree sacrifice the to discard the latter ingredient, and to let the there. Pacini is engaged as composer for the graces, instead of sacrificing to them; but there former shift for itself." opera in Vienna. This young man is not so is in the modern Italian opera such a temptideal a workman as Rossini, but he is a more ation to the singer to supply the melody of a punctual one, and this qualification is of much song, on account of the sketchy nature of the importance where crowds would die of ennui original, that if he overshoot the mark, some "The students of the university are the if their darling novelty were withheld beyond frailty may be pardoned. The bass singer principal offenders against the repose of the its expected time. The little theatres in the Lablache is a tall, stout, handsome, and good. town on a Sabbath, as at the opera-house they Joseph Stadt and the Leopold Stadt have each natured-looking Neapolitan. He appeared in are ever the sturdiest demanders of silence their Drechsler and Müller, who labour in Amazilia as a cacique of Indians, and strode when any sudden eruption of talk makes a their vocation to keep the public wish for the about the stage, brandishing a massive club, passage inaudible. They are a proud, honournew from sinking into torpor and inactivity; and burlesquing with the most extravagant able-minded, and obliging set of harum-scarum and though they are like cats following their action a part which would have been as con- fellows, made up of that warmth of disposition tails, always working in a circle, it is not pro- temptible as absurd if attempted to be played and independence of character, the overflow of sbable there will be any complaint against them seriously. He is a good singer, but on this which is in youth always pleasant. They are, in Vienna until they stop for want of ideas. A occasion his angry voice was like the bellowing indeed, the blest tobacco-boys,' if the daynew Italian opera by Pacini, entitled Ama- of an enraged bull; and the assumed violence dreams and visionary plans, which the use of azilia, was announced every day in the week for was in keeping with his gestures, and a relief that weed inspires, lead to exertion and comrepresentation, and as duly put off,-for Vienna to the feelings of the audience. Lablache is a pletion as well as castle-building. No one will is the only city in Germany at which this sort great favourite with the ladies of Vienna; the quarrel with the indolence of thinking, and of finesse is esteemed; at last it was brought guerdon of his services has less of noisy ap- the indulgence of thick-coming fancies, while forth. It was an opera of three songs, all the plause in it, and more of nods and becks, and life is all in prospect, difficulties to be overrest went for nothing; the composer had made wreathed smiles,' than that of others. The come, and great works to be accomplished ; some points to entrap the audience, and they price of admittance into the opera-house here but are too much thrall to a long pipe, and were entrapped. The heroine had in the key-is four times that of the theatre in Munich, the charms of cool smoke. The devotion for Istone of the opera to make the circuit of the and the band and chorus are far inferior. The tobacco is here no sham or affectation, but a stage in slow and measured steps to alternate director of the music is Weigl: this composer real, downright, hearty national infatuationsolos on the clarionet and horn; she had to takes his place in the orchestra in so plain a the air seems impregnated with the smell. look pensive and interesting during the long costume, that his jean coat appears as though The clerk, whose hands are engaged in ensymphony, which excited expectation; then it had been doing good service in his study five grossing, smokes, holding his pipe between his came the modern adagio, full of slow notes and minutes before; and it is thus proved (a fact teeth, the bowl of it resting some yards off in quick runs, and afterwards the brilliant allegro hardly to be believed in England), that music a window-seat. The postilion, whom the disoverpowering the hearer with a torrent of pas-may be conducted, although its conductor be entanglement of a contumacious knot in a sages. All this would be very pretty if one not invested with the dignity of full dress." package obliges to quit his, lays it down as could be kept in good humour during a whole The annexed, upon child musicians, strikes he would surrender his heart's blood-with evening by one or two good pieces, when the us as being particularly judicious. a dismal groan. The students, more gentle whole should be good; but the worst effect of The flippancy of taste displayed by the and book-learned, make more ingenious and this foolish toleration on the part of the audi-more fashionable concert-goers in Vienna, may acceptable sacrifices to their Indian god: sixence, is, that it offers no stimulus to the com- be imagined from an exhibition of instrumental teen of them came here, occupying the dili. poser, who of course will take little pains with playing with which they were entertained on gence, from Halle, each armed with his pipe a work which in a fortnight's time will be put one occasion when I was present, the pro- and store of ammunition; they sat with the among the theatrical lumber. This taste has minent parts of which were variations for the windows closed, that the valued fume might been imported into Vienna from Italy. The violin, performed by Madame Parravacini, and not escape, puffing away, and revelling dethree stars of the opera at present in Vienna the first movement of Hummel's pianoforte lighted. How exquisite must have been the are Mademoiselle Lalande, Signor David, and concerto in B minor played by Frederic Wör- suffocation! As it has been said, that a Signor Lablache. The young lady was born litzer, of Berlin, a boy thirteen years old. quaker's nature would be a drab-coloured one, in France, but was removed into Italy at an The lady's violin performance required much so would a German youth forswear hydrogen early age for her musical education, and she politeness and self-command to restrain laugh- and oxygen for an atmosphere compounded of now holds the rank of member of the Philhar-ter, it was so extremely bad, and particularly tobacco. The inhabitants of the town are so monic Society in Bologna. As a prima donna, in some rapid staccato passages near the bridge, well accustomed to the freaks and pranks of Mademoiselle Lalande reminds me of Madame where the defiance of tune was droll: the boy, the university lads, that they pass over any Ronzi di Begnis in the force and energy of her though well-tutored, got through his task with uproar in the streets which calls a stranger style; but, with an equality of talent as a out conveying the slightest pleasure. Both to his chamber window, merely saying to the musician and a charming person, as an actress these performers seemed to attract in propor. inquirer, with a toss of the head, Oh! its 17 she falls far short in the comparison. David, tion as the individuals were unfit to manage only the students!"" the first tenor, may be reckoned old for a their instruments the lady to fiddle, or the singer; his voice is tremulous, his face effemi- boy to play on the pianoforte. We have had nate, and his person thin and attenuated. In so much of child's play lately in England, that former days there was doubtless some founda- it is to be hoped the fashion is on the decline; tion for the praise which has been lavished for if extremes be good, how much better upon this singer by those who have visited would it be to employ those whose tops are boy Italy; but at present he discovers little to war- bald with dry antiquity,' and to let the superrant his great fame, unless we perceive it in a annuated have a chance? because if we did style full of that frippery for which Crivelli not there get rapidity, we might get sentiment, SCHOOL AND CHILDREN'S BOOKS. NO. 11. neband Garcia have made themselves remarkable. which is a better thing. Common listeners The Old Irish Knight; a Milesian Tale of the by David has the appearance of an antiquated frequently imagine, that provided the mere Fifth Century. 12mo. pp. 186. Poole and beauty; his throat is whitened, his features notes are played, the end of music is accom- Edwards. ont look enamelled, and, except when exerting plished, forgetting that the mind of the per- THIS production, written for the entertainhimself in his falsetto to reach F (at which former should shew itself in the light in which ment of juvenile readers, would answer its protime they are moulded into a shape something he understands a passage; and then, instead of fessed purpose better, did it not, like too many between smiling and weeping) they are im- being a mere automaton, with a number of of the same class, endeavour to blend sacred ymmovable. He too, like some singers of the ready-made graces bestowed upon his me- truths with a tale of fine fiction; for, however saladay, has a favourite note in his voice, which he chanism, we should have the emanation of his plausible some of these may occasionally be, it . As London is about to have two Universities, let us hope that this good example will not be thrown away. We have heard this book ascribed to Dr. Crotch; but also, with greater show of likelihood, to Mr. Novello. Whose ever it is, it does credit to his general as well as musical attainments. rarely happens, we imagine, that their osten-judge whether these are likely to promote or of the building, on scales sufficiently large to sible object is effected. Still, this volume has perplex the study of geography. some redeeming points: it inculcates nothing at variance with strict morality, and contains many traditionary facts connected with the early history of Ireland, the authorities for which are always given. SIGHTS OF BOOKS. Novum Testamentum Græcum. Londini, 1828. ONE of the neatest little Greek Testaments ever seen. About the size of a snuff-box, it Philosophical Inquiries; or, an Examination is, nevertheless, adorned with an engraving, and Refutation of most of the received Theories by W. H. Worthington, of the Last Supper, of Rain, Mist, Dews, Latent Heat, Solar by L. da Vinci; and the text is as plain and Rays, Light, and Lunar Influences: a Plan legible as if it were a folio volume. The dedifor preventing Thunder and Hail-Stones; cation is, with great propriety, to Lord Spencer, together with Drs. Herschell and Clarke's the patron of handsome typography, as well as Weather Table, &c. &c. in a Series of of polite and classical literature. Letters. By Edmund Hart. 12mo. pp. 84. London, 1828. Baldwin and Cradock. THESE Inquiries profess to be profound confutations of old-established fallacies, and to substitute in their place more perfect doctrines; and the author, without sufficient knowledge of the subjects on which he treats to reward the attention he demands, imperiously puts forth his dicta in all the pomposity and selfassurance of conscious authority. The essays, however, are principally reiterations of conjectures already disseminated; and some of the author's remarks bear evident tokens of a superficial acquaintance with his subjects. Yet there are a few improved ideas in the work; and, as Mr. Hart fearlessly invites discussion, his " Philosophical Inquiries" may lead to a controversy calculated to enlighten some of the points in question. But, unless he moderates his dictatorial tone, and condescends to speak less derogatively of his fel-| low-labourers in the field of science, few, we think, will be found weak enough to encounter in a warfare with so peremptory a disputant. In short, he is a genuine recruit in the "march-of-intellect" system-who neither looks to the right nor left, nor any way but to his own purpose; as if prejudices, like fortresses, were to be taken by assault. display their character and manner of con- ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE. SOME evenings since, I was present at a discus sion, where breveted intellects differed widely as to the properties of the moon. Some gave it to be land and water, others volcanoes; Private and Family Prayers and Collects, &c. one filled it with living beings, whilst another Norwich, Matchett, Stevenson, and Mat- declared it to be an old worn-out world, having chett. London, Poole and Edwards. been destroyed by the infection of this globe, THIS, though small, is one of the best works and now merely serving in the very low ca of the kind that we have met with. The pacity of night-lantern to us mortals; in fact, selections are principally from the Liturgy and opinions were as various as on the colour of the most eminent divines of the church; with the cameleon. Curiosity tempted me to exaoccasional hymns, several of which are as beau-mine the matter in dispute; for which purpose tiful as they are pious. I went to the Observatory, and viewed Madame Lune through what is considered a very ac Researches into the Causes, Nature, and Treat- curate telescope. A most obliging professor ment of the more prevalent Diseases of India, exhausted his lungs in answering the many and of Warm Climates generally; illustrated absurd questions I put to him. Rivers and with Cases, Post Mortem Examinations, and mountains were pointed out, none of which I numerous Coloured Engravings of Morbid could perceive, notwithstanding that I rubbed Structures. By James Annesley, Esq. of and re-rubbed my eyes; nor was I more for the Madras Medical Establishment, late tunate in my search after volcanoes; and, Surgeon to the Madras General Hospital, whether the fault lay in my visual faculties or M.R.C.S., and M.R.A.S. In 2 vols. Vol. II. in the glass, I saw nothing to authorise the pp. 700, and Nineteen Plates, &c. Longman suppositions of many astronomers as to its and Co. "Croire tout découvert est un erreur profond, being an inhabited planet. To me it appeared THE second volume of this very able and exactly like a ball of stucco, or a white-washed splendid work has followed the first, of which wall, with small round holes here and there on we gave a full account in a former Number, the surface, as though stamped with the top with more than usual rapidity. It fully jus- of a pencil; and the dark parts, supposed to be tifies the high encomiums bestowed by us on water, hills, &e., seemed so many cavities. If the first volume; and, to the medical reader, such be the case, it would rather favour the is even fraught with greater interest; but assertion of the moon being only a reflector, being almost exclusively devoted to the eluci-and totally useless as a body in itself. I, ofi A Comprehensive Grammar of Modern Geo-dation of the nature and treatment of diseases course, came away quite as wise as I went graphy and History; for the use of Schools incidental to our possessions in the East, it for, in this age of doubt, it is impossible to... and for Private Tuition; with Maps, Views, furnishes few topics suitable for discussion in give credit to our senses neither the evidence Costumes, &c. By William Pinnock. 18mo. our pages. We can, however, assert with of eyes nor ears being sufficient to bring convicpp. 446. London, Poole and Edwards. confidence, that no work which has appeared tion: MR. PINNOCK'S Catechisms and other publi- in modern times is more deserving than the cations have made his name universally known one now before us of the serious study of the C'est prendre l'horizon pour les bornes du monde." throughout the country, as one of the most medical practitioner, whether he be engaged But, instead of believing all things discovered, meritorious and successful authors in this de- in treating the violent and rapidly fatal ma- the contrary seems the case; at least judgments partment of literature, who have ever directed ladies in warm countries, or in remedying vacillate to such a degree, on every subject, their attention to inform the rising generation. those which supervene in a milder form in that we poor ignoramuses, who are obliged to The present volume is, in all respects, worthy temperate climates. We are sorry that we rely on the superior brains of enlightened of his name: it is well conceived, well ar- are thus unable to do justice to its merits, as men, are ever kept in a labyrinth of uncerranged, diligently edited, and beautifully got the subjects of which it treats are chiefly in-tainty, and pass our lives like so many Peup, at a very moderate cost. By mingling teresting to medical readers. But it is in-nelopes, unlearning one year the knowledge the attractions of history with the dry details cumbent upon us to state, that, to the inha-we strove to gain in the preceding; for as of geographical science, the study is rendered bitants of warm countries, particularly the time not only corrects errors, but also proves pleasing and interesting. Ample intelligence European portion of them, Mr. Annesley's errors to be right," the imagination finds it is produced in the first instance, and then the labours are most valuable; that his long and difficult to discover a sure anchorage, or the learner is judiciously exercised by questions on the subjects as they occur. The maps are neat and accurate; and what we are equally inclined to praise as a marked improvement, the little views and costumes are not only highly orParis, though advancing at rather a snail's namental, but impressively instructive. We and able undertaking. pace with its decorations, is still making proought perhaps to notice, that the plan bears gress, and the bridge of Louis XVI. promises so close a resemblance to Goldsmith's Geoto become a splendid avenue to the Palais graphy, already in such full possession of the des Députés: already are the pedestals of the schools, that the compiler might be accused of statues which are to ornament it erected, as gross plagiarism: but we are given to underalso the statue en pied du Grand Condé, who stand that he claims the merit of having oriis represented in the act of lancing his staff, or ginated the design upon which that excellent A VERY well-executed and useful work on that baton de commandant, into the lines of Wissempublication was subsequently executed. The beautiful monument of old English architec-bourg. The attitude is full of life and vigour, historical details are therefore the marked dis- ture, Eltham Palace. The plates (twenty in worthy of the times of ancient chivalry; and the tinction of this novelty; and teachers will number) describe very faithfully every feature sculptor has (thanks to his art), by dint of dra arduous professional services in our Indian Plans, Elevations, Sections, Details, and Views, mind a foundation to build its faith upon; and, as what we have fancied realities are every day proved to be illusions, one is almost tempted to believe existence itself but a dream. pery, poetised the very ungraceful and unpoetical | pressions which the Duchesse addressed to costume of the age of Louis XIV. Unfortunately, him. One man was nearly drowned, owing the position in which this statue is placed, at to his want of dexterity when tossed into the the end of the bridge, totally prevents the river; and as soon as he found himself sain passers-by from forming a judgment as to the et sauf, he indulged his vengeance in oaths countenance of the hero, the profile alone being of no very delicate description,-to the great visible. Whether this be done on purpose to amusement of the King, who laughed most hide defects, I know not; but all the expres-heartily! une .... 8 22 0 0.58550 0.56700 0.58680 7 38 0.58328 12 13 31 0.58349 Longitudes of the ascending Node. 1456. 531. 1607. 1682. 1759 8.01 1 S. 9 1 18 30 1 19 25 | 1 20 21 | 1 21 16 30 | 1 23 49 Places of Perihelion. 8.0/ 8. 0 1 #1 8.0 10 1 0 16 1 39 | 10 2 16 | 10 2 52 45 | 10 3 16 Inclinu.tions of its Orbit to the Ecliptic. th sion of the physiognomy is completely con- The deaf and dumb youth, who had been cealed. It is the intention of government to condemned to a year's imprisonment, has had illuminate this Place de Louis XVI some-his punishment commuted to only a month's what better than the other parts of Paris confinement, in consequence of some palliating (which may be called the Clair Obscur); gas is circumstances, and the able defence of his therefore to be conducted all along the avenues, lawyer. As soon as the judgment was proand lamps put at a not too respectful distance nounced, M. Paulnier, one of the masters of one from the other; so that any gentleman the Deaf and Dumb Institution, addressed the who may be obliged to pass that way at late criminal in the language of signs, and exhours, will at least have the satisfaction of be- plained to him that a superior justice had holding the kindly personage who relieves him rendered invalid the first judgment; but that from the load of his watch, purse, mantle, &c., chains, the galleys, and sufferings, would be and have the power of recognising his bene- the consequence, should he fall anew into 17 56 17 56 | 172 | 17 56 | 17 89 Course n its orbit ........ factor, which the present "darkness visible" error. Nothing could be more interesting or Retrograde. completely precludes. Indeed, to the increase animated than this pantomime, particularly The cornet of 1770 (see the last week's of commerce in this capital we are alone in- when he raised his hand in sign of taking Gazette) made a closer approximation to our debted for seeing our way until ten o'clock: an oath, it became almost affecting; for the earth than any that has visited this part of the shopkeepers, by adopting the English mode of young Hué, as if electrified, followed imme- solar systera: had it been equal in magnitude glass walls rather than windows, have thrown diately the movement of his master; and, in and density to our planet, it would have much light on our steps, which, after all, is a the attitude of repentance, made a silent pro- shortened the length of our year 2 hours great point gained. I remark, that as com-mise, heard only by the Being to whom it was 40 minutes. It is certain that no perceptible merce multiplies, and warehouses become bril-addressed, but which the magistrates accepted as diminution did occur; whence it is inferred, liant, the faces of the French get long and an oath; and perhaps was one of the purest that the mass of the comet was less than serious; no doubt, from the insipid employ-ever offered, at least the countenance of the of the mass of the earth. It was the comet of ment of calculating pounds, shillings, and pence. offender brightened into a sublime expression as 1770 that passed through the system of Jupiter Mais il faut vivre, which weighty consideration he internally uttered it, as if conscious of the without deranging the motions of the satel has made many a cavalier, of demi bon ton, grace sacredness of the act. The whole scene was a lites; but hough these small bodies were not the counter, and deal out calicoes instead of lesson to those gifted with the use of speech, affected by its close approach, there is every compliments. Several of the marchands are who so often call the Deity as witness to words reason to believe that the path of the comet decorated; and though there was an order to they never intend to keep. was altered by its proximity to the vast body hide their red riband, as soon as they disgraced There is much enthusiasm expressed with of Jupiter: this may account for its nonit by not being able to live on the illusory rank regard to the English noblemen who are about appearance since 1770. It was calculated that which it gives, yet I daily see messieurs les to join the French army going to Greece: this the comet would again be in conjunction with boutiquiers sporting the honours attached to is the present chapter of conversation on the Jupiter on August 23d, 1779, when its distance former glory. tapis; and the gentlemen in question are from that planet would be only of its disalready heroes for their good intentions. The tance from the sun: the attraction of Jupiter Egyptians sent here by the Pasha underwent on the comet would in this case have been 224 an examination the other day in different times greater than that of the sun; which sciences, and astonished the auditors by the must have so altered all the elements of its rapid progress they have already made. One orbit, as to render it perfectly impossible to is writing, or rather translating, a treatise on identify it as the same at any subsequent return. mineralogy, into his own language: this subJ. T. B. ject, it appears, has never been examined by that people; so that the young author expects to acquire fame in his own country. There MR. LANGTON, of Jermyn Street, has, it is is also a poet amongst the number of Egyptian stated, "discovered a new method of seasoning students; whose verses, I hear, though written timber, cor sisting in the removal of the greater in French, are full of eastern imagination, and part of the atmospheric pressure, and the apconsequently possess an energy of language plication of artificial heat, by which the time On Sunday last, I joined the general mass and depth of inspiration uncommon to versi- necessary to season green timber, and render of idlers at St. Cloud, to witness the joûte sur fiers in the French tongue, it fit for se, is only about twice as many eau. Five or six hundred people were asweeks as the ordinary process requires years. sembled on the occasion, and had the patience The common mode of seasoning timber con to stand for two or three hours under the sists in evaporating the fluid matter (called burning sun, for the sake of seeing men thrown sap) by the natural warmth of the atmosphere, into the water. I think there were not more IN the paper of last week on the Comet ex-with the precaution of screening the timber than five combatants: their prowess consisted pected in the year 1832, 3, or 4, and visible at both from the direct action of the sun and in keeping their equilibrium, and being able the latter end of the year 1758 and the com-wind, otherwise it cracks, and receives much to resist the force of their enemies' lance. One mencement of the year 1759, we gave the injury. But seasoning, by the natural warmth party was dressed in white and blue, and the elements of another comet of 1758, which ap-of the atmosphere, proceeds slowly and irregu other in white and red. The King, and the peared a few months previously to the one larly, and much loss by decay takes place, Duc and Duchesse d'Angoulême were present; more especially the subject of the article; in unless the operation be conducted under the and the little Duc de Bordeaux distributed the correction of which error we now subjoin a protection of a roof, to exclude rain and prizes: he looked very grave, this being a new comparative view of the elements of this re- snow. Seasoning under cover is still a slow, rôle to him. A boy of twelve years old, who markable body, as determined at the respective though an expensive process; for at least had given a cold bath to his antagonist, was times of its re-appearance, the close correspond- three years should elapse from the time of the first to gain the reward of a silver goblet; ence of which, suggested the idea that it was felling the tree to that of its being used in with which he was so enchanted, that he for-one and the same; for if two or more comets such framing as is wanted in naval architecgot all his bows and graces, and was posting recorded in history be found nearly to agree in ture: hence a stock of timber, equivalent to away delighted with this token of victory, the elements, there can hardly be any doubt of four years' consumption, must be kept on when the mayor called him back to perform their identity. It may be shewn from the hand; and three years' consumption must be his salutations, and listen to some kind ex-doctrine of chances, that the probability is as either under cover, or suffering still greater As for the theatres here, they are in complete discredit, and this once favourite passetemps is almost abandoned by the Parisians, who demand something more piquant and original than the late offerings of theatrical composers, of which, however, they stand but little chance; for old scribblers, fearing that the fresh and new ideas of young genius might present too great a contrast to their faded and tame imaginations, do all they can to stifle and prevent real merit from coming to light; and numberless are the effusions of the tragic as well as comic muse condemned to musty drawers and portfolios. NEW CHALYBEATE APERIENT. a pounds was subscribed. Within two months the rubicon has been passed, and this large amount realised. The subscription is still proceeding rapidly; so that the establishment of a splendid institution, as proposed by the proand give their digestive organs fully as much moters of the design, may now be considered as, or more to do than they are capable of per- certain. forming, it is not surprising that many expedients should have been resorted to, in order loss by exposure to the wet. In the new relation between the time and heat for the different kinds of wood." to season to th how many Fate of Constantinople foretold by the Sibyls. assist the burdened and labouring viscera. In the writings of Count Zosimus, a heathen For this we the epidemic rush of the historian, we find, among many concise de. able Upon this process, Mr. Tredgold, the the sea-side the plunge, the salt scriptions, an account of how the Emperor water, the promenade. For this we have the Constantine o Constantinople. Zosimus Great removed the seat of the engineer, gives the following opinion :— "First, as to effect on the durability and and Gilsland, and Leamington, and Chelten- was a bitter enemy to Christianity, and a vioruns to Matlock, and Buxton, and Harrowgate, Roman empire to strength of the wood. In the new pro-ham, and Clifton, and Bath, and Bristol, and lent bigot to heathenish superstitions, which cess, as in the ordinary one, the sap is removed by evaporation no solvent of the Gloucester, and Malvern, and heaven knows led him to speak in terms of unmeasured conwoody fibre is, therefore, introduced in either other oracles of supernatural waters, tempt of the proceedings of Constantine; and saline, chalybeate, antibilious, laxative, car more particularly so, on account of that emcase; while the sap itself, being a fluid readily bonated, sanative, sulphureous, &c. And for peror being the author of the famous edict, affected by temperature and other agents, it this we have the imitations and importations of which had the effect of putting a stop to the seems obvious, that the sooner it is wholly all these various springs, Seidlitz, Soda, Seltzer, cruel persecutions of the Christians under all removed from the wood the better, provided Cheltenham, and every other kind of mineral the former emperors this edict setting forth, the woody fibre contracts and solidifies withimpregnation: German spas "that every man may apply himself to that out injury. That this may be done, is evident from the specimens from which the sap has brought London; while analysis having own reason. This heathen informs us of been extracted: they exceed the usual density De constituent parts of specimens equally dry, and have lost about himself, that he often wondered "at the feli from t the great alembic city and magnitude" which the new city atin the bowels of the earth, these have all been tained under such a prince, as Constantine; artificially composed by able chemists, and ad- and his wonder led him to search among the ministered without the patients being obliged ancient oracles to to discover whether his anto journey, perhaps hundreds of miles, to the cestors had not any prophecy concerning this good fortune of that city. After much diffi native locality.offaell mat culty he discovered an oracle, attributed to Sibylla Erythræa, or Phaello of Epirus, which speaketh thus : anded have ascertained of the most 15.09 90029795/ My sire's designs no longer I'll conceal, 7 But Heaven's intent in oracles reveal. A swelling ulcer by the sea shall grow, the same weight in drying that is lost in the usual method, with a somewhat greater degree of shrinkage. The sap which is extracted is a nearly clear liquid, having a sweetish taste, with a very peculiar flavour, and a musty and disagreeable smell. The latter seems to proceed from a light flocculent kind of matter Among all these excellent methods, we have floating in the sap, affording the strongest seen nothing for ingenuity and value to comevidence, that the sooner such matter is re- has led to this notice. It is well known, that pare with the invention (we may call it) which moved from timber the better; and as it ap- the efforts hitherto made to combine, by che pears that the whole of this matter is removed mical process, the carbonated or fixed air inta by completing the process, I am of opinion the new mode of seasoning will render timber Preparation containing the chalybeate prinmore durable than the common one; and it ciples of the Cheltenham and other similar does not appear to be in any degree deterio-waters, have failed, owing to the evaporation rated in strength. of the gas while procuring the salts. Thus, "Secondly, the method is, undoubtedly, prac-served, the tonic property was lost. Mr. Lathough the aperient property might be preticable on the large scale, and at an expense ming, however, a surgeon and able chemist of not exceeding ten shillings per load, with the advantage of setting free, at least, half the Bishopsgate Street, has succeeded in uniting and concentrating all the qualities of the Chelcapital required by the common method; the tenham waters; and producing them in the advantage of rendering it unnecessary to spoil a good ship by the use of wood full of its shape of a powder, at once the most convenient natural sap; and the still greater advantage and pleasant to take. By merely pouring of rendering the living tree available either spring water upon a small portion of this salt, for defence, convenience, or common use, in and drinking it while effervescing, a cooling a few weeks after being felled, and in a state and grateful beverage is obtain possessing the in which it may be trusted with safety; while, merits of Cheltenham waters on the constiwater to the taste, P by the usual method, five years is not more tution, as perfectly as the Cheltenham Water, than is necessary, to be equally free of risk works Company. All the trouble of mixingreat as may be the merriment, or bitter the from shrinkage and decay. The usual practice is, to use timber partially seasoned, in conse- two powders, as heretofore, is thus avoided. irony with which they may be twitted, for attempting to impose such exploded supersti quence of which the sap has to evaporate, and To free-livers, to bilious persons, and to those tions upon an intelligent public, maintain that the wood shrinks, the joints open, and the troubled with indigestion, we could hardly recarpenter's skill in framing is rendered nuga-nated Effervescing Salts. commend a better thing than Lould pay Cly re- the prophecy now under consideration,--fully 1120014943 O as intelligible as some of those expounded to tory; for, as timbers shrink, frames change doa us from day to day, can have no other im their form and lose their strength, and ships port than the destruction of Constantinople and houses alike afford evidence of the fact, LITERARY AND LEARNED. Du by the Russian wolf. A thousand days or a particularly ships sent out to warm climates. thousand years are of little consequence in the It only remains to add, that, by the new IT is eight weeks to-day since the Duke of stream of time. "Time," says Zosimus, with method, the whole of the natural sap is ex- Wellington presided at a meeting, the object whom this notice begins, "time is short in tracted at once from the tree; it is known of which was to open a subscription for the respect of the Deity, who exists through ages by very simple means when the whole has foundation of a college in London, where the and should any one believe that this prophecy been extracted; the process requires only youth of the metropolis might be educated has a different import, he has liberty to enjoy eight or ten weeks; it is more economical, agreeably to the principles of the established his own opinion." and locks up less capital than the common church. At that meeting it was stated, that method; and it contributes to the durability the undertaking would not be commenced until and soundness of timber framing." [Considering this to be a most important national question, we have thought it our duty to bring it, as stated to us, without personal inquiry, before the world of science and experiment, for trial and consideration.-Ed. L. G.] a minimum sum of one hundred thousand duced this reading by inserting the comma on the sign of sent regularly from London to make the mineral springs FINE ARTS. & bc9 NEW PUBLICATIONS.16 to 87093e 7:17 017 |