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And all your northern castles yielded up,
And all your southern gentlemen in arms
Upon his party.

K. Rich. Thou hast said enough.
Beshrew thee, cousin, 43 which didst lead me forth
Of that sweet way I was in to despair!

What say you now? What comfort have we now?
By heaven, I'll hate him everlastingly

That bids me be of comfort any more.

Go to Flint castle: there I'll pine away;

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Enter, with drum and colours, BOLINGBROKE and Forces; YORK,
NORTHUMBERLAND, and Others.

Boling. So that by this intelligence we learn,
The Welshmen are dispers'd; and Salisbury
Is gone to meet the king, who lately landed
With some few private friends upon this coast.

North. The news is very fair and good, my lord:
Richard, not far from hence, hath hid his head.

York. It would beseem the lord Northumberland, To say, king Richard: Alack, the heavy day, When such a sacred king should hide his head!

Sh. oder Richard hatte

43) Die Hgg. fügen hier die Bühnenweisung to Aumerle hinzu. ausser Acht gelassen, dass nicht Aumerle, sondern der Bischof seiner Verzweiflung in den Weg getreten war.

44) Indem das Leid den König sich zum Sklaven macht, nimmt es selbst königlichen Rang ein.

Vielleicht

45) power ist hier die Truppenmacht, die dem König noch zu Gebot steht. 46) das Land zu beackern, das einige Aussicht auf gedeihlichen Ertrag giebt. sollte aber have für hath stehen und sich auf them beziehen: lasst diejenigen das Land bebauen, die Aussicht haben, zu gedeihen oder eine Ernte zu erzielen.

47) So Qs. und Fol. Die meisten Hgg. interpungiren dafür let them hence;

Away, etc.

North. Your grace mistakes; 1 only to be brief, 2 Left I his title out.

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Would you have been so brief with him, he would
Have been so brief with you,
3 to shorten you,

4

For taking so the head, your whole head's length.

Boling. Mistake not, uncle, further than you should.
York. Take not, good cousin, further than you should,
Lest you mistake: the heavens are o'er your head. 5
Boling. I know it, uncle; and oppose not myself
Against their will. But who comes here?

Enter PERCY.

Welcome, Harry. What, will not this castle yield?
Percy. The castle royally is mann'd, my lord,
Against thy entrance.

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It doth contain a king: king Richard lies

Within the limits of yond lime and stone, 6

And with him are the lord Aumerle, lord Salisbury,
Sir Stephen Scroop; besides a clergyman

Of holy reverence, who, I cannot learn.

North. O! belike it is the bishop of Carlisle.
Boling. Noble lord,

Go to the rude ribs 7 of that ancient castle:
Through brazen trumpet send the breath of parle
Into his ruin'd ears,

And thus deliver. Henry Bolingbroke

On both his knees doth kiss king Richard's hand,

1) So Qs. und Fol.

[TO NORTH.

Zur Vervollständigung des Verses fügte Hanmer me hinzu, doch sich irren, missverstehen, noch öfter in dieser Scene vor. Vielleicht wäre hier mistaketh zu lesen.

kommt to mistake =

kurz, und
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with you fehlt in den Qs.

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4) to take the head doppelsinnig

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seinem Kopfe folgen, und = den Kopf Jemandes Ebenso doppelsinnig ist im Folgenden to mistake = verkehrt deuten, und

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5) So die Fol. passender, als das our heads der Qs. A. und B., da Bolingbroke's Haupt von der Rache des Himmels bedroht wird, wenn er sich an Richard vergreift.

6) lime and stone ist Collectiv und als ein durch die Copula and verbundener Begriff zu fassen der aus Mörtel und Stein zusammengefügte Bau.

7) Dasselbe Bild, das die schützenden Mauern einer Festung den festen Rippen des menschlichen Körpers vergleicht, ist in K. John (A. 2, Sc. 2) the flinty ribs of this contemptuous city. Der Tropus wird fortgeführt in dem folgenden his ruin'd ears.

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And sends allegiance, and true faith of heart,
To his most royal person; hither come 8
Even at his feet to lay my arms and power,
Provided that my banishment repeal'd,

And lands restor'd again, be freely granted. 9
If not, I'll use the advantage of my power,
And lay the summer's dust 10 with showers of blood,
Rain'd from the wounds of slaughter'd Englishmen :
The which, how far off from the mind of Bolingbroke
It is, such crimson tempest should bedrench

The fresh green lap of fair king Richard's land,
My stooping duty tenderly shall show.

Go, signify as much, while here we march
Upon the grassy carpet of this plain. 12

11

Let's march without the noise of threat'ning drum,
That from the castle's tatter'd 13 battlements
Our fair appointments may be well perus'd.
Methinks, king Richard and myself should meet
With no less terror than the elements

Of fire and water, when their thundering shock 14
At meeting tears the cloudy cheeks of heaven.
Be he the fire, I'll be the yielding water:
The rage be his, while on the earth I rain
My waters; on the earth, and not on him.
March on,
and mark king Richard how he looks.

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A parley sounded, and answered by a trumpet within. Flourish. Enter on the walls King RICHARD, the Bishop of Carlisle, AUMERLE, SCROOP, and SALISBURY.

Boling. See, see, king Richard doth himself appear,

As doth the blushing discontented sun

8) Da hither come ein Particip ist, das als Apposition zu Harry Bolingbroke gehört, so hätte nach genauerer Construction nicht my arms, sondern his arms stehen müssen. Solcher Wechsel der Construction ist Sh. sehr geläufig und dient namentlich hier zu grösserer Deutlichkeit.

9) vorausgesetzt, dass der Widerruf meiner Verbannung und die Wiedererstattung meiner Güter ohne Rückhalt gewährt werde.

10) So in K. Lear (A. 4, Sc. 6) to use his eyes

11) fair ist mit land zu verbinden.

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for laying autumn's dust.

12) Viele Hgg. fügen hier die Bühnenweisung ein: Northumberland advances to the castle with a trumpet.

13) Q. A. und B. haben totter'd, die spätern Qs. und die Fol. tatter'd.

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Da Jenes

nur die ältere Schreibart desselben Wortes ist, so ist hier unter tatter'd battlements dasselbe zu verstehen, was vorher ruin'd ears hiess die verwitterten Mauerzinnen. 14) So Q. A. Das smoke der übrigen Qs. und der Fol. ist vielleicht aus stroke verdruckt; doch ist die älteste Lesart vorzuziehen. Mit fire ist der Blitz, mit water die Wolke hier gemeint.

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From out the fiery portal of the east,

When he perceives the envious clouds are bent

To dim his glory, and to stain the track

Of his bright passage to the occident. 15

York. Yet looks he like a king: behold, his eye,

As bright as is the eagle's, lightens forth
Controlling majesty. Alack, alack, for woe,

That any harm should stain so fair a show!

K. Rich. We are amaz'd; and thus long have we stood

To watch the fearful bending of thy knee, 16
Because we thought ourself thy lawful king:
And if we be, how dare thy joints forget
To pay their awful 17 duty to our presence?
If we be not, show us the hand of God

That hath dismiss'd us from our stewardship;

For well we know, no hand of blood and bone
Can gripe the sacred handle of our sceptre,
Unless he do profane, steal, or usurp.

And though you think that all, as you have done,
Have torn their souls by turning them from us,
And we are barren and bereft of friends,
Yet know, my master, God omnipotent,
Is mustering in his clouds on our behalf
Armies of pestilence; and they shall strike
Your children yet unborn, and unbegot,
That lift your vassal hands against my head,
And threat the glory of my precious crown.
Tell Bolingbroke, for yond, methinks, he stands,
That every stride he makes upon my land
Is dangerous treason. 18 He is come to ope

The purple testament of bleeding war; 19

[To NORTHUMBERLAND.

15) Diese Rede, welche alle Qs. und Fol. dem Bolingbroke zuertheilen, legen die meisten Hgg. mit Warburton dem York bei; dass Letzterer aber einen Einwurf gegen Bolingbroke's Darstellung macht, zeigt das erste Wort seiner Rede: Yet looks he etc.

16) Wir haben bis jetzt schweigend da gestanden, indem wir beobachteten, ob du nicht ehrfurchtsvoll das Knie vor uns beugen würdest. Der König wendet sich an Northumberland, der an den Fuss der Mauer des Schlosses getreten ist, während Bolingbroke mit den Seinen sich in der Ferne, im Vordergrunde der Bühne hält.

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18) dangerous treason ist ein Hochverrath, der ihn selbst gerichtlich gefährdet.

19) Aus dem von Blut purpurro then Testament, das er öffnet, will Bolingbroke sehen, was der als Erblasser aufgefasste Krieg ihm vermacht hat; er will sehen, was der Bürgerkrieg ihm einbringt. So in Kyd's First Part of Jeronimo: Then I unclasp

the purple leaves of war.

But ere the crown he looks for live in peace,
Ten thousand bloody crowns 20 of mothers' sons
Shall ill become the flower of England's face,
Change the complexion of her maid-pale peace
To scarlet indignation, and bedew

Her pastures' 21 grass with faithful English blood.

North. The King of heaven forbild, our lord the king
Should so with civil and uncivil arms 22

Be rush'd upon! Thy thrice-noble cousin,
Harry Bolingbroke, doth humbly kiss thy hand;
And by the honourable tomb he swears,
That stands upon your royal grandsire's bones,
And by the royalties of both your bloods,
Currents that spring from one most gracious head,
And by the buried hand 23 of warlike Gaunt,
And by the worth and honour of himself,
Comprising all that may be sworn or said,
His coming hither hath no further scope,
Than for his lineal royalties, 24 and to beg,
Enfranchisement 25 immediate on his knees:
Which on thy royal party granted once,
His glittering arms he will commend 26 to rust,
His barbed steeds to stables, and his heart
To faithful service of your majesty.
This swears he, as he is a prince, is just,
And, as I am a gentleman, I credit him.
K. Rich. Northumberland, say,
His noble cousin is right welcome hither;
And all the number of his fair demands
Shall be accomplish'd without contradiction.

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27

thus the king returns:

20) crown ist zuerst

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Königskrone, dann Schädel. Zehntausend blutige Schädel von Engländern werden der Blume des Antlitzes von England, d. h. dem blumigen Boden Englands zur Unzier gereichen.

21) pastures', wofür vielleicht pasture's zu lesen, ist Theobald's Emendation für pastors der Qs. und Fol.

22) die Waffen des Bürgerkriegs (civil arms) sind zugleich grausam, hart (uncivil). 23) So lautet eine Betheuerung in All's well that ends well (A. 3, Sc. 6) by the hand of a soldier. Warburton wollte lesen: by the warlike hand of buried Gaunt. 24) lineal royalties sind die Ehren und Würden, die ihm nach seiner Abstammung aus königlichem Geblüte zukommen.

25) enfranchisement ist die Einsetzung in seine ererbten, ihm bisher vorenthaltenen Titel und Privilegien.

26) to commend = übermachen, anheimgeben. So in Macbeth (A. 3, Sc. 1) And so I do commend you to their backs.

27) dies schwört er, so wahr er ein Prinz ist, verhält sich so.

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