Tauranian Hirpini. In the Tauranian words "il" or "eyl," notably in Ilium, Elis, &c., settlers from the Troad seem clearly defined, corroborating the story of the Trojan descent into Latium. Compare Ilford, Ilkeston, Ilkley, Eylau, &c.

Words of Tauranian, Ugric, Altaic, and other origins followed the Tauranian Greeks and the Trojans to Massilia, and the Massilian settlements in Gaul and Britain (e. g.), the Turkic "ordu," a tent (the early tents were of skins), became KoKorda, blue tents, a-Korda white tents, incorporating the Kor, cor, corium of the Ligurian hunters (leather dealers), the Coritani who advanced through the Ligur to Britain.

The Julii were of Latin race, and the worship of the dragon Apollo was thus transferred to Augustus. Virgil calls him Divi genus, born of a god.

This sinuous ridge with its thirty projecting curves, poetically transformed by Virgil into the dugs of the white sow or its thirty offspring, pursues a somewhat direct course to the second sacred summit, now surmounted by the convent of Palazzola. (See map, p. 99.)

The Italian antiquaries identified this as one of the sacred summits, and I think with reason. The two ridges contain the thirty projections.

From that point it curves rapidly from the east westward, and thence again northwards, making almost a segment of a circle, the crown of the arc of which is at the south-west, but still having its lateral smaller curvatures. Now it is remarkable

Stephanus of Byzantium.

that the agger of Servius Tullius, who was a native of Latium, and who would therefore have offered sacrifices on one or even both of the summits of this serpentine form, is minutely similar in formation, outline, curvature, and the distinguishing features of ascents where the sacrificial sites on Alba Lunga still forcibly attract the eye. There is even no difference in the separation of the two parts, which consists in the porta or opening to the east already mentioned, which divides the more direct portion which runs from the north-east southwards, from the more serpentine portion running thence from the convent of Palazzola westward and northward, and which is popularly described as being curved like a cow's horn. There are, moreover, indications of the several projections simulating those in the curvatures of the natural ridge, though the lapse of time and the removal of the surmounting wall would prevent any reliability on this point.

This grand feature, however, seems apparent, that notwithstanding its use as an intended military defence, its form was that of the great serpentine hill of worship of his nation, the formation of which was also partially due to cutting and scarping into a venerated outline by art. By an application of the artificial work to the natural elevations adjoining its site the whole is made exact in representation. Thus where the peculiar zigzag road on the north side of the Largo di Albano approaches the lofty head of the great natural serpent form, the exactly corresponding curvatures of the grand fosse (which may be artificial also) between the south side of the

THE SERPENT STONE STRUCTURE ON THE SUMMIT OF PHIGALIA. SACRED TO APOLLO.

One of a series of sketches by the author, taken in Western Peloponnesus, Messenia, Arcadia, Elis, and Achaia. To the
east is the Temple of Bassae. To the south is the distant view of Mount Ithomé, where the most remarkable of all the
orgistic ceremonies of the Bacchic rites were celebrated.

Pincian Hill and the north side of the Quirinal complete the counterpart outline on that side.

Where the south-west end of the earthwork terminates similar corresponding curvatures formed by the south side of the Viminal and the north side of the Esquiline continue this counterpart appearance on the south towards the west, and when these terminate a via (now a street of houses), but still called from its original form, and probably its original purpose, uniting these with the undulations of the great curve between the Viminal and the Quirinal, the "Via de Serpenti," completes the serpent, simulating that of Alba Lunga in all its details. The whole of this serpent form, even with the seven enclosed sacred hills, is found in a construction of Pelasgian masonry on the summit of the Arx of Phigalia in Arcadia near the temple of Bassae, sacred to Apollo for having arrested a pestilence ascribed to a serpent. This serpent surrounds, in lieu of a lake, two artificial reservoirs. Phigalia was sacred to Diana and Bacchus, two early deities of Etruria. (See plate.)

That such natural features arrested the attention of the early people of Italy, deeply imbued with the superstitions and rites of the book of Tages, is exemplified by the determination of Sixtus the Fifth to remove such features of the pagan worship of nature. Formerly each of the seven hills of Rome had been surmounted by its special pagan altar. When the Capitol was united to the Palatine the two summits were dedicated to the Dioscuri-the twins. I should be willing to suppose