Multidimensional Geographic Information ScienceThe way people normally view a GIS is 2-dimensional, a greatly limiting form. However, as developments occur within the field, researchers and practitioners are finding ways to make a GIS 3-dimensional, and in some instances even 4-dimensional. Being able to view a GIS in more than 2 dimensions greatly enhances its usability. This forward-lookin |
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20th century applications approach architecture argued attributes B-rep behaviour boundaries cartographic causal chapter characterised coastal cognitive concepts of space conceptualisation data modelling data structures data types defined developed dimensional dimensions dynamic Egenhofer entities epistemology Euclidean Euclidean geometry exploration four-dimensional functions geo-phenomena geo-representations GeoComputation geographic information science geographic information systems geometric geomorphology GISc grid hypermap hypermedia identified identity imagery implemented integrated interaction landforms language mathematics metaphysics multidimensional geo-representations multimedia multimedia and virtual multimedia data naïve physics nature nodes objects octree ontology organisation perspective phenomena physical points query Raper realist relations role scale scene graph Scolt Head Island sediment semantic sense showed social solid space-time spatial and temporal spatial data spatial representation spatio-temporal spit suggested surface survey tetrahedra theory three-dimensional topological two-dimensional University virtual environments virtual geo-representation virtual reality visualisation voxel VRML zone