Philosophical PapersFriedrich Waismann was born in Vienna in 1896 and lived there until the time of the Anschluss in 1938. From then until his death in 1959 he lived in England; this, apart from a brief period at Cambridge early on, was almost wholly at Oxford, \,Vhere he held the posts, first, or reader in the philosophy of mathematics and then of reader in the philosophy of science. He was of Jewish descent -his father being Russian, his mother German. He studied mathematics and physics at the University of Vienna and attended the lec tures of Hahn. Beginning his career as a teacher of mathematics he soon be came an unofficial assistant to Moritz Schlick. It was Schlick's concern to see that the new philosophical ideas developed by Wittgenstein from the time of his return to philosophy in the later 1920s were made public that de termined the subsequent shape of Waismann's activities. Until the out break of the war in 1939 his main task was the preparation of a book in which Wittgenstein's thought was to be systematically expounded. Be tween 1927 and 1935 this project was carried on in close personal conjunc tion with Wittgenstein. A first version of the planned book, Logik. Sprache. Philosophie seems to have been completed by 1931. A very differ ent version came to England with Waismann in 1938. It finally appeared, in an English translation, as Principles of Linguistic Philosophy. |
Contents
THE NATURE OF THE AXIOM OF REDUCIBILITY | 1 |
A LOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF PROBABILITY | 4 |
THE CONCEPT OF IDENTITY | 22 |
MORITZ SCHLICKS SIGNIFICANCE FOR PHILOSOPHY | 30 |
HYPOTHESES | 38 |
IS LOGIC A DEDUCTIVE THEORY? | 60 |
THE RELEVANCE OF PSYCHOLOGY TO LOGIC | 68 |
WHAT IS LOGICAL ANALYSIS? | 81 |
A NOTE ON EXISTENCE | 122 |
A REMARK ON EXPERIENCE | 136 |
THE LINGUISTIC TECHNIQUE | 150 |
BELIEF AND KNOWLEDGE | 166 |
TWO ACCOUNTS OF KNOWING | 179 |
186 | |
189 | |
FICTION | 104 |
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Common terms and phrases
actual answer ANTHONY QUINTON appears argument Aristotelian Society assert assumption axiom of reducibility believe called causal colour concept of probability contradiction correct definition describe distinguished doubt elementary propositions ence example exists experience expression fact feeling fiction follows formulated FRIEDRICH WAISMANN Gauss's law geometry give grammar hypothesis idea identity imagine kind laws of nature linguistic logical analysis look Ludwig Wittgenstein mathematics matter mean mind motion non-Aristotelian logic object observation sentences Odysseus perhaps person philosophy phrase physics Polyphemus possible precisely predicative properties probability calculus problem question rational numbers reality refer refuted relation rule of inference Russell Russell's schema Schlick scope seems sense sort speak statement statistical structure such-and-such Suppose sure tautology theory theory of descriptions things thought tion true or false truth truth-functions turn understand utter verb verified Vienna Circle Waismann whole Wittgenstein words red