then does not prove either the one or the other as to them, what colour can there be for pretending that the same thing, or something exactly or very nearly resembling it, proves Jesus Christ to be God, or to be equal to the Father ?"-Pp. 258 -260.

We agree so entirely with this judicious writer, that our criticism on his work must consist entirely of extracts of passages which we deem entitled to praise; and we lament that our limits will not allow us to present our readers with more of these. Enough has been extracted to recommend the work, which, whatever may have been its effect upon the Barrister's immediate correspondent, cannot fail of engaging the understanding and affections of the greater number of readers on behalf of the Unitarian system.

ART. III.-Poems for Youth. By a Family Circle. 12mo. pp. 106. Liverpool, Robinson and Sons; London, Longman and Co. 1820.

THIS little volume is attributed,

TH

we believe, correctly, to the Roscoe family; and their names will, we doubt not, give it an introduction to many a domestic circle. The Poems are of various merit; all of them are likely to please and improve the youthful reader and learner, and some are very beautiful. We observe in p. 13, the pleasing lines "On visiting Vale Crucis," which we inserted in a former Volume, [XI. 349,] where they are ascribed to William Stanley Roscoe, Esq. The following "Hymn" (pp. 59, 60) is pleasing:

Frail tho' my young devotions be,
I humbly dare look up to thee,

My Father and my God!
For I have felt affiction's power,
And yet in sorrow's darkest hour,

Have mark'd a parent's rod.

I pray not for this world's vain hope,
The soul desires a larger scope,
Destin'd to live for ever:
I ask not many years to live,
But that in those thou will'st to give,
I may forget thee never.

In every varying moment, still
May my whole duty be thy will,
And may I meet each trial,
With fortitude resign'd and pure,
A spirit anchor'd to endure,
And holy self-denial.

We select, as another specimen, “A Dirge," from pp. 84, 85: The summer winds sing lullaby O'er Mary's little grave, And the summer flowers spring tenderly, O'er her their buds to wave. For oh! her life was short and sweet, As the flowers which blossom at her feet. A little while the beauteous gem

Bloom'd on the parent breast; Ah! then it wither'd on the stem,

And sought a deeper rest; And we laid on her gentle frame the sod, But we knew her spirit was fled to God. The birds she loved so well to hear

Her parting requiem sing,

And her memory lives in the silent tear,

Which the heart to the eye will bring; For her kind little feelings will ne'er be forgot

By those who have mourn'd her early lot.

ART. IV.-Remarks on Mr. W. A. Hails's Letter to the Rev. W. Turner, occasioned by the Publication of his Two Discourses, preached at the Sixth Annual Meeting of the Association of Scottish_Unitarian Christians at Glasgow. In a Letter addressed to Mr. W. Robson. By John Marsom. 12mo. pp. 22. Marshall, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 1820. HESE Remarks are chiefly upon Tthe reputed orthodox doctrine of

atonement, and are sensible and acute. The Author first proves that "the doctrine of the vicarious sacrifice of Christ placating the wrath of God is unscriptural," and then shews the absurdity of the generally-received dogina. On this latter point he says,

"The term God includes in it either three persons or one only. If it includes in it three persons, Christ the son of God is one of those persons, and included in that term; consequently, the vicarious sacrifice which he offered to God to placate his wrath, he offered to himself, to placate his own wrath. If it be answered, that the persons in the Godhead are distinct and separate persons, (and this must be the case, for no one will contend that the Son is the Father, or that the Father is the Son,) will [and if] it be said that God the Son was a vicarious sacrifice to placate the wrath of God the Father; we ask, Does not God the Son possess the same nature and attributes as God the Father? If he does, was not his justice equally offended as that of the Father, by the sins of mankind? Was not his law violated, and his anger kindled against them?

Did not his justice require satisfaction, and his wrath placating, as well as those of the Father? By what vicarious sacrifice then was this to be effected, and who offered that sacrifice? As God the Son became such a sacrifice to placate the wrath of God the Father and satisfy his justice, did God the Father become a sacrifice, to placate the wrath and satisfy the justice of God the Son? And, after all, what is to become of the wrath and justice of God the Holy Ghost? Is the one to remain for ever unsatisfied, and the other unplacated? Will it be said that this was not necessary with respect to God the Son, and God the Holy Ghost? How then, we ask, could it be necessary, with respect to God the Father, seeing they are co-essential and co-equal in all perfections? Will it be further said, that it is not contended that [it was] the second divine person in the Godhead, God the Son, (for God is immutable and impassible, and therefore incapable of suffering,) but his human nature that was made a sacrifice? Then we say the sacrifice was a mere human sacrifice, and what, in that case, becomes of "Infinite merits"? If the sacrifice was that of the human nature only, and Christ the offerer; then, if

Christ were God, he did not give himself a sacrifice for us. Questions of this sort, to shew the absurdity of the doctrine, and which cannot be answered by any reference to the Scriptures, might be multiplied to an indefinite extent. I shall, therefore, conclude with the following remark. If the term God does not include in it three persons, but one only, that person must be the Father, for no one questions his being God; then the consequence will be, that Christ is not God."-Pp. 17, 18.

ART. V.-A Serious and Admonitory Letter to a Young Man on his renouncing the Christian Religion and becoming a Deist. By J. Platts. Doncaster, printed; sold by Hunter, 12mo. 3d.

T-Serious and Admonitory:" it

HIS "Letter" is truly entitled

is a laudable attempt to bespeak a dispassionate and unprejudiced reconsideration of the evidences of Christianity.

The Principles of Education, Intellectual and Moral. By Lant Carpenter, LL.D. 8vo. 12s.

Chillingworth's Works: containing the Religion of Protestants, a Safe Way to Salvation, &c. 8vo. 3 vols. £1. 168.

Lectures on Divinity and Theological Learning. By Herbert Marsh, D. D., Lord Bishop of Peterborough, &c. Part V. On the Authenticity of the New Testament. 2s. 6d.

Travels in Various Countries of the East, being a Continuation of Memoirs relating to European and Asiatic Turkey, &c. Edited by Robert Walpole, M. A. 4to. £3. 38.

Principles of Political Economy. By the Rev. T. R. Malthus. 8vo. 18s.

The Authenticity, and consequently the Genuineness, of the Baptismal Commission, in its present Shape; Questioned upon the Evidence of the Apostolic History, and of the Apostolic Writings. To which are added, Two or Three Remarks on the Propriety of any Liturgy being entirely Athanasian or entirely Apostolical. 18.

Memoirs of the Rev. Dan Taylor, late

Pastor of the General Baptist Church, Whitechapel, London; with Extracts from his Diary, Correspondence and unpublished Manuscripts. By Adam Taylor. 8vo. (Portrait.) 78. 6d.

Memoirs of the Rev. Samuel J. Mills, late Missionary to the South Western Section of the United States, and Agent to the American Colonization Society, deputed to explore the Coast of Africa. By Gardiner Spring, D. D., Pastor of the Brick Presbyterian Church in the City of New York. 48.

Select Biography, being a Collection of Lives of Eminent Men. By various distinguished Writers. Vol I. Pt. I. Latimer. 2s. 6d.

Memoirs of the late R. L. Edgeworth, Esq., begun by Himself and finished by his Daughter, Maria Edgeworth. 2 vols. 8vo. £1. 10s.

Abdallah, or, The Arabian Martyr: a Christian Drama in Three Acts. 18. 6d. An Essay on the Evils of Popular Ignorance. By John Foster. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

Reasons for withdrawing from the National Establishment, with a Brief Statement of Doctrinal Sentiments, &c. By

A Letter to the King; with an exact Copy of Sixty-one Notes from an Edition of the Douay Bible, published in 1816. 2s. 6d.

An Inquiry, chiefly on Principles of Religion, into the Nature and Discipline of Human Motives. By John Penrose, A. M., formerly of C. C. C. Oxford, and Author of the Bampton Lecture Sermons for 1808. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

The River Dudhan, a Series of Sonnets; Vaudracour and Julia, with other Poems. By W. Wordsworth. 8vo. 12s.

A Letter to the Editor of the Quarterly Review upon Irish Topics. By. W. Parnell, Esq., M. A. 1s. 6d.

Remarks upon the Critical Principles, and the Practical Application of those Principles adopted by Writers who have at various Periods recommended a New Translation of the Bible. 58.

Defences of Revealed Religion. A Discourse addressed to Unbelievers; or, an Astronomical View of the Existence of the Deity. By Richard Walond, M. A., Rector of Weston-under-Penyard. 8vo. 1s.

The Converted Atheist, or a Narrative of the Early Life of a Reclaimed Infidel, written by Himself, and Revised and Edited, with Practical Remarks, by W. Roby. 6d.

The Last Days of one of T. Paine's Disciples. By W. Wait, A. B. 3d.

Objections advanced by Scoffers and Infidels against certain Parts of the Old Testament, plainly and satisfactorily answered, in Two Sermons, by the Rev. Richard Warner.

2s.

The Scandals of Impiety and Unbelief, and the Pleas made for them by their Abettors considered; in a Charge delivered to the Clergy of the Archdeaconry of London, at the Visitation, May 4, 1820. By Joseph Holden Port, M. A., Archdeacon London, &c. 4to. 2s. 6d.

M'Ghinness or a Memoir of the extraordinary Life and wonderful Conversion of an Infidel, Atheistical Reformer. Written by Himself, while under Sentence of Death. Together with the Remarks of his benevolent Visitant, Mr. Keeling. The whole Revised and Edited, with Practical Notes and Reflections. By J. Hollist, Minister of St. James's, Manchester. 18.

A Letter to the Rev. J. Hollist, on an an Attempt to convince the Public of the wonderful Conversion of an Infidel, Atheistical Reformer, who was executed at Chester, April 15, 1820, for Shooting Mr. Birch, of Stockport, including Obser

Modern Infidelity and National Reformation: Three Sermons, delivered at St. Mary Redcliff Church, in the City of Bristol. By M. B. Whish, A. M. 2s.

A Hymn in Praise of Religion, and in Allusion to the Present Times. By A Layman. Is. 6d.

The Evidence of the Divine Origin of Christianity; as derived from a view of the Reception which it has met with from the World. An Essay. By the Author of "Remarks on the Design of the Gospel." 8vo. 4s.

Popular Tracts on Infidelity. 4d. each.

Sermons.

Sermons on Public Occasions, and a Letter on Theological Study. By Robert, late Archbishop of York, with Memoirs of his Life. By G. H. Drummond, A. M., Prebendary of York. 8vo. 58. Single.

A Sermon, preached at St. George's Church, in Prince of Wales's Island, on Sunday, May 16, 1819. By Thomas Fanshaw, Lord Bishop of Calcutta. 8vo. Calcutta. 1819.

The Testimony of God against Massacre and Rapine; preached April 9, 1820, in Nile-Street Meeting, Glasgow. By Greville Ewing. 8vo.

The Bulwarks of the English Church, preached at the Abbey, Bath, May 10, 1820. By E. W. Grinfield, M. A., Minister of Laura Chapel. To which are added, some Observations on the Origin and Progress of Parochial Libraries. Is. 6d.

On the Claims of the Church of England to the Inheritance of the Blessing, Matt. xxviii. 20: preached at the Visitation of the Venerable the Archdeacon of Chesterfield, May 28, 1819. By Frederick Ricketts, M. A., Rector of Eskington-cum-Killamarsh. 2s.

The Power of God exemplified in the Employment of Human Agency. A Sermon, occasioned by the Death of the Rev. John Martin, more than Forty Years Pastor of the Church meeting in KeppelStreet Chapel. By George Pritchard. To which is added, the Rev. T. Hutchins' Address at the Interment. 1s. 6d.

The Christian Duty of Submission to Civil Government: a Sermon, preached April 16, 1820, in George-Street Chapel, Glasgow. By Ralph Wardlaw, D.D. 8vo. 18. 6d.

Two Introductory Discourses, preached before the University of Cambridge, at the Lecture founded by the Rev. John Hulse. By C. Benson, M. A., of Trinity College. With an Appendix. 28.

1820. March 7, at Kilclief (Ireland), in the 66th year of his age, the Rev. SAMUEL BURDY, A.M., author of the Life of Dr. Skelton, thrice re-printed in London, and of a History of Ireland.

April 25, at his house, James Street, Buckingham Gate, PATRICK COLQUHOUN, Esq., LL.D., author of the Treatise on the Police of the Metropolis and the River Thames, and on the Wealth, Power and Resources of the British Empire, aged 76.

May 14, at Diss, Norfolk, in the 25th year of her age, SARAH COBB, after a long and painful affliction, which she bore with Christian fortitude and resignation. At the age of seventeen she became deeply impressed with a sense of religious duties, and of the indispensable necessity of preparing herself for a future state, and used to say, that she had made the subject of death so familiar by her contemplations that she entertained no dread of its approach. She usually attended the preaching of the Methodists, but never became a member of that society. A few weeks before her death she expressed a wish to be visited by the minister of the Unitarian congregation at Palgrave (of which congregation two of her sisters are members); and though it must be unnecessary to say that his prayers and conversation were directly calculated to lead her to repose her hopes of salvation on the primary and unpurchased mercy of God the Father, made known to us by Jesus Christ, she expressed full confidence and seemed to experience much consolation in such a view of the doctrines of grace. It is considered proper to notice this circumstance, because it is calculated to silence a calumny well known to most Unitarians; viz. that the peculiar doctrines of Unitarianism are unable to give consolation at the hour of death; and because, if the case had been reversed, had she been in the habit of attending the ministry of a Unitarian, and sent for a Trinitarian to pray with and console her in the hour of affliction, it would immediately have been added to the catalogue of misrepresentations, and adduced as new proof that Unitarians cannot die in their sentiments. This fact is the more remarkable because the person in question was not ignorant of opinions, nor by any means indifferent to religious duties. Her life from her seventeenth year was spent in great seriousness, and the writer of this, as well

as many friends, can testify that her conduct and conversation during her last illness were truly religious and devout.

May 24, aged 77, at his house, Camden Hill, Cranbrook, Kent, Mr. ROBERT Pyall, for many years pastor of the Unitarian Baptist Church at Headcorn. His father, Samuel Pyall, had also been a minister at the same place. Mr. Pyall was born in the adjoining parish of Frittenden, where he succeeded his father as a farmer and grazier; but retiring from business about fifteen years ago, he purchased the estate at Camden Hill, where he spent the remainder of his life. He discharged his duty in all the relative stations of life with singular fidelity and honour. He was twice married; the name of his first wife was Henrietta Cooper, of Horsham, and his last, whose maiden name was Shepherd, and who survives him, was also of a respectable family at the above place. He had no children of his own, but he was a kind father to all his relations, many of whom were in needy circumstances; he was a tender husband, a liberal relation, a faithful friend, a generous benefactor, and an honest man.

Mr. Pyall began to preach at 27 years of age. He had embraced the high Árian hypothesis, but happening to meet with some of Dr. Priestley's writings, he soon relinquished the pre-existence, together with some other opinions which he formerly held, and, about 30 years ago, being convinced of the simple humanity of Christ, he continued under that persuasion until his death. As a preacher he was aware that his talent was not popular, and he never stood in the way of others; but by his disposition to render himself useful wherever his exertions were necessary, he always rendered himself most deservedly esteemed in his ministerial character. As a proof of which, he was chosen by the General Baptist Churches as one of their messengers, and this choice was confirmed in Mr. Moon's chapel, at Deptford, in May 1803. Mr. P. was remarkable for his zeal in the cause of free inquiry and the promotion of religious conference meetings. Although he had two miles to walk in a dirty country, and frequently through floods in the dark evenings of the winter, yet for 20 years together he was rarely known to be absent from his post. His general information, simple manners, cheerful conversation and known hospitality, will long be preserved in the recollection of his

surviving friends. Having relations at Horsham, he used occasionally to visit that part of Sussex, and particularly at their annual meeting on Whit-Sunday, where he generally took an active part; on which occasions he was not known to be absent more than once for 40 years, and his loss will be felt by his friends at that place as a real affliction.

The writer of this article having had the pleasure of visiting Mr. P. in his last illness, can bear testimony to his cheerful resignation under a view of approaching dissolution. He had been for some years subject to that painful disorder, the gravel, which increased upon him toward the latter part of life, and his death was brought on at last by water in the chest. Although he had to struggle with excessive pain, having enjoyed a vigorous constitution, under the breaking up of nature he was often heard to say, "I have to thank the Almighty for a long and healthful life; I am quite resigned to his will and ready to depart." As he had lived usefully he died happily, and in him was exemplified and to him may be applied the words, Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright; for the end of that man is peace.

Having by industry and application to business realized a considerable property, by his last will he made a kind distribution of it amongst his relations and friends. He had, a short time before his death, given £50 towards the erection of a new chapel at Headcorn, and £100 towards a house for the use of the minister at that place. He also gave £50 in aid of building a new chapel in Cranbrook; and by his will, amongst other bequests, he gave £250 to the Headcorn Society to be vested for ever; £50 for the further liquidation of the debt on the chapel at Cranbrook; £50 to the General Baptist Fund for the Relief of Poor and Aged Ministers; £50 to the Fund for Ministers' widows of the same denomination, and £30 to the General Baptist Education Fund.

Mr. Pyall was interred in the old General Baptist burying-ground at Headcorn, on the 29th of May, when a sermon was preached in the New Chapel on the occasion by Mr. Marten, of Dover, to a crowded and sympathizing auditory; amongst whom were nine or ten ministers of different denominations.

at Park Lane, near Wigan, Lancashire. Possessing, naturally, strong powers of mind, and being fond of reading, he attained a considerable portion of intellectual information, and was extensively known as the staunch advocate of civil and religious liberty.

June 19, in the 77th year of his age, at his seat, Spring Grove, Middlesex, Sir JOSEPH BANKS, known throughout the world for his zealous promotion of science. He had been President of the Royal Society for the long period of forty-two years, during all which time his exertions. for the welfare of that learned body were unremitting. His ample fortune enabled him to give effect to his strong desire of the advancement of knowledge.

30, at his mother's house at Roch dale, aged 19 years, Mr. George Cooke, son of the late Rev. Joseph Cooke.

This amiable young man fell a victim to the same disease (pulmonary consumption) which proved fatal to his excellent father. At the expiration of the term of his apprenticeship about last Easter, he came to visit his mother at Rochdale, with the design of commencing business as soon as his health, which was then in an unfavourable state, should permit. But soon, the symptoms of that disease appeared which has laid him among the dead. While he believed that he should recover, he expressed an earnest wish that he might speedily be enabled to enter upon those exertions which he hoped would place him in a situation to be useful to his family. But when it became manifest to him that he had not long to live, withdrawing his attention from those pleasing prospects in the world which had just opened to his view, without a murmur at the sad transition from an entrance into active life to an entrance into the chambers of death, without any expression or appearance of regret, he meekly bowed to the will of God, and addressed himself to the great business of preparing for the solemn event immediately before him.

During his apprenticeship he was in the habit of attending with his master on what is commonly called orthodox preaching. His mind was seriously disposed, and his conduct orderly and good. At the commencement of his illness, he was on many points of Christian doctrine an unprejudiced inquirer: anxious for information and seeking for truth. He conversed with persons of different sentiments, listened with attention, considered with calmness, and decided for himself. And he did decide in favour of those views of Christian truth which are held by Unitarians. He expressed the great