of christians, than I lay to their charge the maxims and practices of robbers-and piratess

To prove, that any human institution has attained its ne plus ultra of perfection is to produce internal evidence of a radical deficiency or vice in the system; and to prove a continued progress in the melioration or improvement of a system is conclusive evidence, that the ground-work of the superstructure is in its nature firm and permanent. I have endeavoured to trace and mark the advances, which our constitution has been gradually making since its first institution towards the perfection of civil

establishment of religion they formerly allowed to the pope, yet it is evident beyond cayil or doubt, that they neither attempted nor intended to inyest, nor did they by law invest the king with a power of collating spiritual jurisdiction ; for they expressly direct the bishop to apply to the archbishop or other bithops for that, which was not in its nature conferable by the laity; for though the law subjects the archbishop and bishops to the leverest penalties and forfeitures, if after such election or nomination they refuse to confirm and invest the person elected or nominated, yet it autho. rizes not the king or any other persons to confirm and invest, or to grant or collate the real fpiritual jurisdiction, nor does it lay or luppose, that the person elected or nominated becomes a real fpiritual paftor of Christ's church without such confirmation or investiture. When the bishop has been elected or nominated, and confirmed and invested, he then is to sue to the king for his temporalities, which as appendages of the civil establishment of religion were holden by our Roman catholic ancestors, as well as by the nation at this day, to be at the difporal and under the controul of the State, and not of the supreme or other fpiritual ministers of the church of Christ ; for in the year 1350 (25 Ed. III.) though they then did and for many centuries afterwards, continued to acknowledge the spiritual supremacy of the pope, they complained, that he assumed a right to give and grant church bea nefices to aliens and denizens, as if he had been patron and advowee of the said dignities and benefices, as be was not of right by the law of England.

liberty; liberty; and in this progress do we find the fureft earnest of future improvements, as the exigencies of times and circumstances shall require them.

To the bleflings of our happy constitution do we at this moment owe the exalted situation we hold amidit surrounding nations envying, distracted, and distreft. Who then but an avowed enemy will attempt to force or seduce us from the sure hold of such an unparalleled transcendency? The continuance alone of the means, by which we have attained the glory can ensure it to our pofterity. Let every true Englishman therefore join in the patriotic wish for the conftitution,

ESTO PERPETUA.

382.

ABBESSES summoned to parlia, Balance, constitutional, of power in our
2 ment, 3846

legislature, 174.
Abbey lands, a trust fund under the Ball, John, his rebellion, 527.
· controul of the state, 104.

Baldwyn, John; his opinion of Beza
Abbots in parliament, 370.

and Calvin, 553.
Abdication in what it consisted, 175. Bancroft, archbishop, dangerous poda-
206. 207.

tions, 578. :
Absence from parliament of the fpi- Baptism, no proof of, required by law,
ritual lords, 376..

262.
Aquiescence of the community gives Barons refuse to alter the laws, 237.,
right, 348.

Baronies anciently represented the peo-
A&T of parliament the act of the na- ple, 433.
tion, 210.

Beza, Theodore, his feditious doc-
.... binding force of, 105. 269. trines, 549.

Bifhops, their spiritual jurisdiction, 263,
---- how made, 259.

618.
---- power of, 259.

---- their civil jurisdiction, 265,
Advorjon 382. 618.

372. 376. 384.
Alfred enlarged the powers of the peo- ---- their spiritual character and
ple, 78.

duties, 263,618.
---- established trial by jury, 79. ---- Pennington's petition to par-
Alien priors not permitted to hold liament against them, 591.
lands, 103.

---- their lands and temporalities,
Aliens, who, 480.482.

381.617.
---- duty, 479.

Bishopricks, nomination to, 382, 618.
Allegiance, 477.

Body politic, 595.
a... how performed, 487.

Bohemia, 539.
---- and protection 'mutual, 477. Boroughs, 401.439, 440.
-... local, 482.

---- whence the idea of borough
... natural, 477.478.

right, 442.
Alliance between church and state, 271. Brašton, when and why he wrote, 308,
Anabaptifts, 554. 560.

Bribery, caution against it, 446.
.... their doctrines, 555.

--.fource of, 446.
Anathema, its nature and effects, 258. British constitution defined, 145.
Ancestors. Their anxiety to perpe- Britons, ancient, 129.

tuate the principles of the revolu- Burgeles in parliament, their election,
tion, 179.

440.
Antiquity not conclusive evidence of Bill of rights, 188. 357.
truth, 10. 75,

Bribery in elections, 449. ...
---- presumption in favour of opi- British, our ancestors, 84.
nions, 124.

Buchanan, his feditious principles, 568.
America, 480..

Burke, his opinion of the want of
Appeals to Rome, 273.

power in the people, not tenable, 54.
Appointment of the king to bishopricks,

formerly confirmed by the pope, 105. Calvin, John, his feditious doctrines,
618.

546.
Ariftocracy or oligarchy, 148.

Canon law, its obligations, 236,.280.
...- necessary for a state, 363, 386. Can ns of the church bind not the
---- commended by Calvin, 5+5. Jaity, 89. 281.
Army, standing, 340.

Cantons of Switzerland under demo-
Articles of Limerick gave a right to cratical government, 41.
transfer allegiance, 178.

Capacity of the king natural and poli-
Ajent to religious opinions, 91. 93. tical, 221.
-- -- royal to acts of convocation Cajite, tenants in, 434.
binds not the laity, 233.

Cartwrigit's libel wp0! parliament,
Aula regia, 390.

583.

Capital punishment, 489. .Consent of the people necessary for every
Charles, King I. 412.

law, 147
..-.. jebellion against him, 586. Conscience, right of, inherent in every

--- II. his refloration, 415. : one, 115. 172.
Chance medley, 497

.... of pofterity, not involved in the
Christianity, 84.

acts of their ancestors, 188.
Church lands and possessions, 101. Constitution, our, withstood the Nor.
125. 1

man conquest, 79.
-..- subject to the controul of the Constitution of England, founded in the
itate, 103, 104. 234.. 619.

rights of man, 3. 73.
---- part of the ciyil establishment, -... defined, 145.
104, 246.

---. illuminates and instructs, 310.
--, its power wholly spiritual, 85. ...- Fortelcue's sublime ideas of it,

239, 265.
..-- not in danger from whig prin- ---- alterations in it, 338.
ciples, 182.

.--- adapted to enforce subordina-
.... its liberties known and certain, tion, 470.
- 234.

Constructive treason, unconstitutional,
Civil magistrates bound to execute the 541.
law, 114.

Continuance cannot give force to a baut
---- eitablishment of religion, 250. principle, 76.
270.

Contempt of the king, 217, 218.
.... law repugnant to the law of
England, 319.

Convention parliament, 201.
.... incorporations, what, 37. Convocation, 280. 307.
.... rights only given by the state, Coronation oaths, 314, 315. 317.
91.226. 245.

Corporation, 89.
Clarendon, constitutions of 254. -.-- fole, 222.
Clergy, their character and duties, 234. Covenant in Scotland, 574.
.--. their exemptions and privin Covenanters assume the administration
leges, 125, 230.

of justice, -575.
Coercion of the law over the commu- Covenant, league and, 597.
nity, 194. 236.

Crimes, what, 487.
Commerce, kingluperintendant of, 306. Crime, greateit of all crimes, to rise
Commission, spiritual, given by Christ, against the legislator, 71.
256.

Crown, abdication of the, 175. 206.
Commons, house of, 399. 402.418. ---- descent of, 211.
458, 459.

-o.. täken metaphorically for the
.... their numbers, 402. 441.

person who wears it, 484
..., their gradual acquisition of ... limitation of the, from the be-
power, 406. 418, 431.

ginning, 78.
Commonwealth, various forms of, 148. Crown law, 486.
Community, their duty and obligation

to follow the dictates of God, 83. Declaration of the convention, 175..
... their rights vested in them un. Defender of the faith, title whence,
alienably, 24, 68, 112, 466.

226.
---- injured by the violation of the Delegation, of all power from the
laws, 492.

people, 40: 76. 77. 196.
---- majority concludes the whole, Delegates of the nation formerly, what,
- 35.64.
.... by tacit consent submits to the Democracy, what, 44. 148.
whole, 65.

-... vain efforts to establish it in
Compact, original, of the people to live England, 414.

in society, 64. 201.417.469. 618. Denial of true principles, dangerous,"
Conge d'elire, 618.

143. .
Conquest, founded in the tacit confent Descent of the crown, 210.
of the governed, 64, 65.

-... to females, .213.
Conquest of the Britons by the Romans, Dignity of the king, 210, 218.
97.

Diocese, limitation of, 298.
.... no free governmenf, 77. 130. Disabilities to fit in parliament, 454.

365.

Difcuffion of truth favourable to its Executive power, 210.482. .
cause, 48, 168.

..... concentered in the crown, 484,
Dimenling power of the king, 344. Extremities of doctrines treacherous in
Disputes, most serious about words and argument, 50.71. 159. 331.47 5.

general propositions, 28. :
Disenters, various sorts of, 110. Feudal policy formed on the principles.
Dissolution of government by a con of freedom, 79.
quest, 77.

-..- tenures abolished, 416.
--•. at the revolution, 201. FirA-fruits, 276,
-... cafes tending to it, 334. Fish-ponds, 490.
Divine right of kings, strained con- Force of laws, 12. 92. 94. 163. 19%.
struction of, 50.

Fortescue, Sir John, his sublime ideas of
-.-- true only in the general and our constitution, 3.

original sense of power, 51. Forfeiture of the crown, 175. 206.217.
Do&trines false, concerning the power Franchise elective. (Vid. right of

of parliament, and of legislatures in election).
general, 66.

Freedom in the adoption of religion, 85.
.... against civil government, 533. Fruit, stealing of, 490.

542.
Druids, 84.

Gemott, 364.
Duties of persons to follow the dictates Generaliffimo, king of land and sea
of God, 82.

forces, 307.
.... to submit to magistrates, 163. Gentleman, necessary in a common-
.... of a community to have a relia wealth, 363.
gious establishment, 95.

Geneva, antibisilian school of, 540.
"... ancient, of commoners, 438. God, some nations want the know-
.... of the king, in 1689, 209. ledge of him, 27.

...: all power and authority origi.
Ecclefiaftical corporations, 89. • nally from him, 38.
--•- courts, 251.256. .

Government, contempts against, 496.
Edward, King II. 406.

498.
.... III. 406.

.... form of it left to the option of
-... VI. 410.

each nation, 44, 45. 57. 150.
...- I. 436.

.... it requires more power to alter
Election of bishops, 618.

an old, than to form a new one, 55.
...- members of parliament, 400. ---- its origin, 33.
422.

.... mixed form of, 150.
.... freedom of, '430. 445. 448. -- -- motives for considering the na-
450.

"ture of it, 15.

-... fociety cannot fubfilt without
Elective monarchy, ours not so, 316. it, 55.
Elizabeth Queen, 410,

-... its perfection consists in the
Embassadors, right of sending,

difficulty of its diffolution, 154.!
Equalization consists in allowing to -... dissolution of it by a foreign

others what we claim.ourselves, 8. enemy, 77.
.... perfect in the state of nature, .... at the revolution, 201.
22.

Great council, 364.
.... incompatible with society, 24, Greece, popular or democratical go-

vernments there, 44.
Emigration, lawful for every member
of society, 63.

Habeas-corpus aet, 416.
Etablishment, civil, of religion, no proof Head of the church of England, 223.
of the truth of it, 84. 88.

230. 275. 284. 306.
.... essential to our constitution, Henry, King IV. 406.
87. 119.

.... V. 406.
.... of a mere civil nature, 8g. ... VI. 406.
Exclusion, bill of, 173.

.... VII. 407. 439.
Excommunication, what, 240.242. ---VIII. defends the supremacy
.... civil effects of, 254• . of the Pope, 227, 409.

106.

-25.