Angola Under the Portuguese: The Myth and the RealityThe book is the first comprehensive study of race relations in Angola. It covers the entire five-century-long relationship between the peoples of Angola and Portugal. Portuguese imperial thinkers asserted that they were unique among European colonizers in their ability to establish and maintain egalitarian and non-discriminatory relationships with tropical peoples. This concept was elevated to a philosophical plateau and given the name Lusotropicalism. Propagated with fervor by Portuguese colonial thinkers, Lusotropical doctrines were widely accepted as being valid by twentieth-century diplomats and political thinkers in both Europe and the United States, many of whom believed that Portuguese colonialism in Africa would continue indefinitely. The evidence presented in this work indicates that Portuguese rule in Angola was deeply racist. This conclusion is based on a considerable body of data gleaned from archival sources, personal collections, and systematic interviewing of racially diverse Angolans and Portuguese functionaries in the colonial administration and the private sector. Special emphasis is placed on devices that the Portuguese used to delude themselves and others about the realities of their attitudes and behavior as ruling elites. The study concludes with an assessment of the impact of Lusotropical myths on independent Angola. |
Contents
CHAPTER | 3 |
CHAPTER | 19 |
Racial Composition of Angolan Population 17771970 | 20 |
Racial Composition of Brazilian Population 18181970 | 21 |
Immigration to Brazil by Nationality 18501950 | 24 |
Number and Per Cent of Mestiços and Ratio to Whites in | 32 |
Brazilians 10 Years or More by Colour and Highest Educational 4I Course Completed in 1950 | 41 |
White MaleFemale Ratio in Angola | 52 |
Number of JPP Colonos and ExColonos To 31 December | 112 |
Colonos and ExColonos by Years of Education | 114 |
European Colonos and ExColonos by Number of Children | 115 |
Number and Per Cent of European Cape Verdian and African | 116 |
Number and Per Cent of European Cape Verdian and African | 118 |
European Colonos in Cela and Other Planned Settlements | 121 |
RACIAL DOMINATION | 136 |
Angolan Population by Race and Civilization Status 1940 | 151 |
WHITE SETTLEMENT | 57 |
Size and Location of Angolas European Population in 1846 | 65 |
55 | 75 |
Degredados and the Civilizing Mission | 86 |
Occupational Background of Degredados in Angola 190214 | 88 |
Abolition | 92 |
CHAPTER FOUR | 95 |
CHAPTER | 156 |
Conclusions | 194 |
18451974 | 228 |
Number of Years of Education of Portuguese Emigrants to | 230 |
Number and Location of Those Practising a Liberal Profession | 231 |
285 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Afonso African population agricultural Angola António approximately areas argued assimilados assimilation attitudes Bakongo Benguela blacks Brazil Brazilian Caetano Cape Verdian Cape Verdian colonos cent civilization colonatos Cunene river decades decree degredados depositories Dias District Duffy economic emigrants ex-colonos example fact farms Ferreira forced labour former Freyre Galvão Governor Huambo District immigrants interior Kongo land large number Lisbon Luanda lusotropicalism major Manikongo Marcello Caetano Marques mestiços metropole metropolitan military miscegenation Monteiro Moxico Mozambique multiracial nationalists nineteenth century Norton de Matos number of Africans officials Oliveira Oliveira Martins Overseas Ovimbundu patterns planned settlement policies political Portugal Portugal's Portuguese colonies Portuguese culture Povoamento Província de Angola race relations racial resettlement programme rural Angola Salazar settle settlement programme slave trade slavery social society South Africa strategic resettlements Symposium on Counter-Subversion tion twentieth century Uige Wheeler and Pelissier white population white settlement Zaïre