The Chemistry of the Arts, Volume 1 |
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Common terms and phrases
acetic acetic acid acid gas ammoniac apparatus aqua fortis Berzelius boiler boiling bottle bottom bricks burning carbonic acid cast-iron chamber charcoal chemists chimney chlore chlorine close coal coal gas cock colour combustion common salt condensed contains copper crystals cylinder deutoxide diameter dissolved distillation equal evaporation feet filled filtered fire fire-place fire-room flue fuel furnace gallons glass grains grate half heat hole hydrometer inches iron lamp leaden lime liquid liquor lute manganese manufacturers matrass meal-powder method mixed mixture muriatic acid neck nitre nitric acid nitrous obtained oil of vitriol operation ounces oxalic acid oxide oxygen pipe placed plate potasse pounds powder produced proportion purpose quantity quicksilver receiver retort saltpetre sand-pot side soda specific gravity steam stone-ware stopper stove substances sufficient sulphate sulphuric acid surface tartaric acid temperature tube usually vapour ventilation vessel vinegar weight wood
Popular passages
Page ii - Co. of the said district, have deposited in this office the title of a book, the right whereof they claim as proprietors, in the words following, to wit : " Tadeuskund, the Last King of the Lenape. An Historical Tale." In conformity to the Act of the Congress of the United States...
Page 77 - ... which is equal to the difference of level between the surface of the water in the...
Page 24 - Count Rumford observes, nothing surely was ever more dirty, inelegant, and disgusting than a common coal fire. Fire balls, of the size of goose eggs, composed of coal and charcoal in powder, mixed up with a due proportion of wet clay, and well dried, would make a much more cleanly, and, in all respects, a pleasanter fire than can be made with crude coals; and it is believed would not be more expensive fuel. In Flanders, and in several parts of Germany, and...
Page 386 - ... is manufactured, and thus the chlorine may be suffered to enter in a pretty uniform stream. But for this judicious plan, as the hydrate advances in impregnation, its faculty of absorption becoming diminished, it would be requisite to diminish proportionately the evolution of chlorine, or to allow the excess to escape, to the great loss of the proprietor, and, what is of more consequence, to the great detriment of the health of the workmen.
Page 384 - ... of iron, or of wood, sheathed with lead, are attached, by whose revolution the materials receive the proper agitation for mixing the dense manganese with the sulphuric acid and salt The motion is communicated either by the hand of a workman applied from time to time to a winch at top, or it is given by connecting the axis with wheel work, impelled by a stream of water, or a steam-engine.
Page 164 - And its being free from the inconvenience and danger, resulting from the sparks and frequent snuffing of candles, is a circumstance of material importance, as tending to diminish the hazard of fire, to which cotton mills are known to be much exposed.
Page 382 - But this is a costly refinement, inadmissible on the largest scale of British manufacture. The simplest, and in my opinion the best, construction for subjecting lime-powder to chlorine, is a large chamber, eight or nine feet high, built of siliceous sandstone, having the joints of the masonry secured with a cement composed of pitch, rosin, and dry gypsum, in equal parts. A door is fitted into it at one end, which can be made air-tight by strips of cloth and clay-lute.
Page 239 - ... yet when these rooms are tolerably large, and when they are not very much crowded by company, nor filled with a great many burning lamps or candles, the air in them is seldom so much injured as to become oppressive or unwholesome; and those who inhabit them show by their ruddy countenances, as well as by every other sign of perfect health, that they suffer no inconvenience whatever from their closeness.
Page 387 - ... its faculty of absorption becoming diminished, it would be requisite to diminish proportionately the evolution of chlorine, or to allow the excess to escape, to the great loss of the proprietor, and, what is of more consequence, to the great detriment of the health of the workmen. The manufacturer generally reckons on obtaining from one ton of rock-salt, employed as above, a ton and a half of good bleaching powder. But the following analysis of the operation will show, that he ought to obtain...
Page 182 - ... of disagreeable or noxious substances. But these ends are more completely attained by tying a piece of pliable leather round the pestle and round the mouth of the mortar. It must be closely applied, and at the same time so large, as to permit the free motion of the pestle. In some instances it will be even necessary for the operator to cover his mouth and nostrils with a wet cloth, and to stand with his back to a current of air, that the very acrid particles which arise may be carried from him....