Cottenham, where 1200 cows are said to be continually kept for the purpose of making this article, which is well known by the name of Cottenham cheese. This county contains 858 square miles, or 549,120 acres, and 167 parishes. It had 27 monastic institutions; 24 public charities. It has 3 parishes with no church; 8 parishes containing less than a hundred people; 45 parishes with no parsonage-houses; 36 parishes in which the parsonage-houses are unfit to live in. The poor-rates of the county are 109,467. 13s, 04d.; the number of paupers is 11,178; the rental of the county is 655,220l. 17s. 2d.; the population in 1821 was 121,909; the number of houses is 20,869; the rates, compared with the rental, is one-sixth; the paupers, compared with the number of houses, is 1 to every 2 houses; the poor-rates in 1776 were 17,729.; the number of persons to a mile in this county is 258; the number of acres to a person, 3; the number of acres to a house, 26; the male population, 60,301; the number of families employed in agriculture, 15,536; the number of families employed in handicraft, 6,964; the number of other families, 3,103; the number of the agricultural male population 36,985; the number of able labourers, 18,492, and the number of acres of land to each able labourer, 29. ABINGDON (Great), 2 miles N.W. from Linton. Popula. 337. ABINGDON (Little), 3 miles N.W. from ASHLEY-CUM-SILVERLEY, 2 miles W. BALSHAM, 3 miles N. from Linton. Popula. 959. BASSING BOURNE, 10 miles S.W. from Cambridge. Popula. 1,213. BARRINGTON, 6 miles S.W. from Cam bridge. Popula. 483. BARTLOW, 1 mile E. from Linton. Popula. 94. BARTON, 24 miles S.W. from Cambridge. Popula. 273. BENWICH, in Doddington parish, and popula. returned with it. 7 miles N.W. from March. BOTTISHAM, 7 miles S.W. from New. market. Popula. 1,123. BOXWORTH, 3 miles N.E. from Caxton. Popula. 317. BOURN, 14 mile S.E. from Caxton. Popula. 752. BRINKLEY, 3 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 317. BURROUGH-GREEN, 2 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 381. BURWELL, 24 miles N.W. from Newmarket. Popula. 1,123. CAMBRIDGE, 51 miles N.W. from Lon. don. Popula. 14,142. It has 14 parishes, namely, All-Saints, St. Andrew the Less, St. Andrew the Great, St. Benedict, St. Botolph, St. Clements, St. Edwards, St. Giles. Here was a Priory, founded in the year 1092, by Picot, a Norman Lord, and his Lady; yearly value 351l. 15s. 4d., now worth 7,0351. 6s. 8d.; granted, 38 Hen. VIII., to Antony Brown; and, 6 Edw. VI., to Edward Lord Clinton. St. Mary the Great, St. Mary, St. Michael, St. Pe ter, St. Sepulchre, the Holy Trinity. A corporate town, having a mayor, high steward, recorder, twelve aldermen, two bailiffs, twenty-four common council, a town clerk, and other officers. It sends two members to Parliament. Right of election in the mayor, bailiffs, and the freemen not receiving alms: number of voters about 200. Market, Wednes. and Satur.; fair, June 24, for a week, for horses, wood, and earthenware. A Benedictine Cell, founded by John de Crandon, Prior of Ely, in the reign of Richard III.; granted to William Bateman, Bishop of Norwich. A Gilbertine Priory, founded prior to the year 1291, by the bounty, or gift, of B. fil. Walteri; yearly revenue 16l. 16s., now worth 3361.; granted, 35 Hen. VIII., to Edward Ebrington and Humphrey Metcalf. Catherine Hall, founded and endowed about the year 1474, by Robert Woodlark, D.D.; yearly revenue at the sup pression 391. 2s. 7d., now worth 782l. 11s. 8d. Christ's College, for twenty-four scholars in Grammar, founded by William Bingham, in the year 1442, Pastor of St. Zachary, London; being afterwards augmented by the bounty of others. Yearly revenues at the dissolution, 26 Hen. VIII., made 1901. 10s. 104d., now worth 3,810l. 17s. 6d. King's College, built and endowed in the year 1443, by Hen. VI.; revenues valued at 751l. 8s. 1d., now worth 15,028l. 1s. 8d. Queen's College, founded by Margaret of Anjou, Queen of Hen. VI., about the year 1448; yearly income 230l. 15s. 24d., now worth 4,615l. 4s. 2d. An Augustine Friary, founded by Sir Jeffrey Picheford, Knight, before the year 1290; granted, 36 Hen. VIII., to William Keynsham. A Dominican Priory, founded by some pious persons before the year 1275; granted to Edward Ebrington and Humphrey Metcalf, 35 Hen. VIII. A Friary of Mendicant Franciscans, founded by the bounty of Edw. 1. Sold, 38 Hen. VIII., to the executors of Lady Frances Sidney. A Friary of Carmelites, founded by Edw. I., and by some noblemen; granted, 36 Hen. VIII., to John Eyer; and also at Sturbridge, near this town, there was an Hospital of Lepers, founded prior to the year 1245, under the patronage of the Bishop of Ely; but granted, 36 Hen. VIII., to the mayor and bailiffs of Cambridge; and, 4 James I., to John Shelbury and Philip Chewte, Gents. CALDECOTE, 3 miles S.E. from Caxton. Popula. 111. CARLTON, with WILLINGHAM, 34 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 363. CAXTON, 49 miles N.W. from London. Popula. 406. Market on Tues.; fairs, May 5, Oct. 12, for pedlary. an Asylum of Knights Hospitalers, founded in the year 1184, most bountifully, by William de Mandevill; valued worth at 331. 6s. 8d. yearly, now 6661. 13s. 4d.; granted, 32 Hen. VIII., to Sir Edward North. CLAPTON.-See Croydon. COMBERTON, 3 miles S.W. from Cambridge. Popula. 383. CONINGTON, 4 miles N. from Caxton. Popula. 203. COTON, 3 miles W. from Cambridge. Popula. 228. COTTENHAM, 5 miles N. from Cambridge. Popula. 1,488. COVENEY, 2 miles W. from Ely. Po. pula. 982. CROXTON, 1 mile W. from Caxton. Popula. 225. CROYDON, with CLAPTON, 4 miles S.E. from Caxton. Popula. 363. DODDINGTON, 5 miles S. from March. Popula. 5,899. DOWNHAM, 2 miles N.W. from Ely. Popula. 1,350. DRY-DRAYTON, 4 miles W. from Cambridge. Popula. 420. DULLINGHAM, 4 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 625. DUXFORD, 5 miles S.W. from Linton. Popula. 605. ELM, 2 miles S. from Wisbeach. Popula. 1,368. CASTLE-CAMP, 5 miles E. from Linton. ELTISLEY, 1 mile N.W. from Caxton. Popula. 618. CHATTERIS, 9 miles S. from March. Popula. S,283. Here there was a Benedictine Nunnery, founded by Alfwen, wife of Ethelstan, Earl of the East Angles, with the advice and assistance of her brother Ednod, Bishop of Ram. sey, in the year 980; yearly revenue 112l. 3s. 6d., now worth 2,243l. 10s.; granted, 5 Edw. VI., to Edward, Lord Clinton. CHERRY-HINTON, 1 mile E. from Cambridge. Popula. 474. CHESTERTON, 1 mile N. from Cambridge. Popula. 1,137. CHEVELEY, 2 miles S.W. from New market. Popula. 521. CHILDERLEY, 4 miles W. from Cam bridge. Popula. 50. CHIPPENHAM, 4 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 607. Here there was Popula. 319. ELSWORTH, 2 miles N. from Caxton. Popula. 773. ELY (City), 66 miles N.W. from London. Popula. 5,079. Ely is situated on an eminence in the island of that name, and is 15 miles E. from the town of Cambridge. It is supposed by many, and among them the venerable Bede, that it derives its name from the word eel, owing to the circumstance of the neighbourhood having, from time immemorial, abounded in eels; a fact well authenticated by the circumstance of its having been anciently the custom for the lords of the manors within the island, to receive prodigious quantities of eels in payment, or in part-payment, of the services due to them as lords. The first settlement in the island was by Ethelbert, the Saxon, who built a church in Cratendune, now Cratendon Field, about a mile from the present city. This, however, being destroyed, Etheldreda, a pious lady, daughter of Anna, king of East Anglia, and wife of Tombert, prince of this county, formed the design of creating a religious establishment. She began about the year 673 building near the site of the present cathedral, and having completed a noble monastery, she endowed it with all the revenues of the island; became Lady Abbess, and persuaded her eldest sister, with her daughter and grand-daughter, to live there also under her direction. Etheldreda died of an epidemic disorder in 678; and, in 870, the Danes invaded and sacked the place; but, about the year 970, it was repaired completely by Brithnoth, who was made Abbot of it by King Edgar. It flourished till the time of William I., who had to besiege the island twice before he could obtain possession of it. When he had succeeded, the Monastery of Ely was seized and partly sacked, but Theodwin, a Monk, whom William had appointed Abbot to it, succeeded in getting back the gold and silver, of which it had been plundered. Godfrey, his successor, in 1075, prevailed on William to restore to the monastery all its ancient rights and privileges. Godfrey, being removed to Malmsbury, Simeon became Abbot, and he it was who laid the foundation of the present magnificent cathedral, about the year 1081, but he, dying in his 100th year, in 1093, left it to his successor, Richard, to finish. This Richard appears to have been the last Abbot. He tried to prevail on the king (Hen. I.) to make it a bishop's see, which, however, was not done till after his death. It was then effected, by curtailing a little from the see of Lincoln. Hen. VIII. granted a charter, by which the church was created a cathedral, and the establishment made to consist of a dean, a priest, and eight prebendaries, with other ministers. At the devastation in the reign of this monster, the revenues of this cathedral and the monastery were 3,219l. 5s. 4d., now about 64,3851, 6s. 8d. Ely is the only city in England which does not send members to parliament. It is not incorporated, nor has it any jurisdiction distinct from the rest of the island. It has one chief-justice: the Spring Assizes for the whole island are held here, and the Easter and Michael. mas Quarter Sessions. It contains 2 parishes; Holy Trinity and St. Mary's; and it is divided into three wards, each of which has its separate constable. Ely EVERSDEN (Great), 34 miles S.W. from FEN-DITTON, 24 miles N.E. from Cam- FORDIIAM, 7 miles N. from New made 190l. 10s. 104d., now worth 3,810l. 17s. 6d. King's College, built and endowed in the year 1443, by Hen. VI.; revenues valued at 751l. 8s. 1d., now worth 15,028l. 1s. 8d. Queen's College, founded by Margaret of Anjou, Queen of Hen. VI., about the year 1448; yearly income 230l. 15s. 24d., now worth 4,615l. 4s. 2d. An Augustine Friary, founded by Sir Jeffrey Picheford, Knight, before the year 1290; granted, 36 Hen. VIII., to William Keynsham. A Dominican Priory, founded by some pious persons before the year 1275; granted to Edward Ebrington and Humphrey Metcalf, 35 Hen. VIII. | A Friary of Mendicant Franciscans, founded by the bounty of Edw. 1. Sold, 38 Hen. VIII., to the executors of Lady Frances Sidney. A Friary of Carmelites, founded by Edw. I., and by some noblemen; granted, 36 Hen. VIII., to John Eyer; and also at Sturbridge, near this town, there was an Hospital of Lepers, founded prior to the year 1245, under the patronage of the Bishop of Ely; but granted, 36 Hen. VIII., to the mayor and bailiffs of Cambridge; and, 4 James I., to John Shelbury and Philip Chewte, Gents. CALDECOTE, 3 miles S.E. from Caxton. Popula. 111. CARLTON, with WILLINGHAM, 3 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 363. CAXTON, 49 miles N.W. from London. Popula. 406. Market on Tues.; fairs, May 5, Oct. 12, for pedlary. an Asylum of Knights Hospitalers, founded in the year 1184, most bountivalued fully, by William de Mandevill; at 331. 6s. 8d. yearly, now worth 6661. 13s. 4d.; granted, 32 Hen. VIII., to Sir Edward North. CLAPTON.-See Croydon. COMBERTON, 3 miles S.W. from Cambridge. Popula. 383. CONINGTON, 4 miles N. from Caxton. Popula. 203. COTON, 3 miles W. from Cambridge. Popula. 228. COTTENHAM, 5 miles N. from Cambridge. Popula. 1,488. COVENEY, 2 miles W. from Ely. Popula. 982. CROXTON, 1 mile W. from Caxton. Popula. 225. CROYDON, with CLAPTON, 4 miles S.E. from Caxton. Popula. 368. DODDINGTON, 54 miles S. from March. Popula. 5,899. DOWNHAM, 2 miles N.W. from Ely. Popula. 1,350. DRY-DRAYTON, 4 miles W. from Cambridge. Popula. 420. DULLINGHAM, 4 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 625. DUXFORD, 5 miles S.W. from Linton. Popula. 605. ELM, 2 miles S. from Wisbeach. Popula. 1,368. CASTLE-CAMP, 5 miles E. from Linton. ELTISLEY, 1 mile N.W. from Caxton. Popula. 618. CHATTERIS, 9 miles S. from March. Popula. 3,283. Here there was a Benedictine Nunnery, founded by Alfwen, wife of Ethelstan, Earl of the East Angles, with the advice and assistance of her brother Ednod, Bishop of Ram. sey, in the year 980; yearly revenue 112l. 3s. 6d., now worth 2,243l. 10s.; granted, 5 Edw. VI., to Edward, Lord Clinton. CHERRY-HINTON, 1 mile E. from Cambridge. Popula. 474. CHESTERTON, 1 mile N. from Cambridge. Popula. 1,137. CHEVELEY, 2 miles S.W. from New market. Popula. 521. CHILDERLEY, 4 miles W. from Cambridge. Popula, 50. CHIPPENHAM, 4 miles S. from Newmarket. Popula. 607. Here there was Popula. 319. ELSWORTH, 2 miles N. from Caxton. Popula. 773. ELY (City), 66 miles N.W. from London. Popula. 5,079. Ely is situated on an eminence in the island of that name, and is 15 miles E. from the town of Cambridge. It is supposed by many, and among them the venerable Bede, that it derives its name from the word eel, owing to the circumstance of the neighbourhood having, from time immemorial, abounded in eels; a fact well authenticated by the circumstance of its having been anciently the custom for the lords of the manors within the island, to receive prodigious quantities of eels in payment, or in part-payment, of the services due to them as lords. The first settlement in the island was by Ethelbert, the Saxon, who built a church in Cratendune, now Cratendon Field, about a mile from the present city. This, however, being destroyed, Etheldreda, a pious lady, daughter of Anna, king of East Anglia, and wife of Tombert, prince of this county, formed the design of creating a religious establishment. She began about the year 673 building near the site of the present cathedral, and having completed a noble monastery, she endowed it with all the revenues of the island; became Lady Abbess, and persuaded her eldest sister, with her daughter and grand-daughter, to live there also under her direction. Etheldreda died of an epidemic disorder in 678; and, in 870, the Danes invaded and sacked the place; but, about the year 970, it was repaired completely by Brithnoth, who was made Abbot of it by King Edgar. It flourished till the time of William I., who had to besiege the island twice before he could obtain possession of it. When he had succeeded, the Monastery of Ely was seized and partly sacked, but Theodwin, a Monk, whom William had appointed Abbot to it, succeeded in getting back the gold and silver, of which it had been plundered. Godfrey, his successor, in 1075, prevailed on William to restore to the monastery all its ancient rights and privileges. Godfrey, being removed to Malmsbury, Simeon became Abbot, and he it was who laid the foundation of the present magnificent cathedral, about the year 1081, but he, dying in his 100th year, in 1093, left it to his successor, Richard, to finish. This Richard appears to have been the last Abbot. He tried to prevail on the king (Hen. I.) to make it a bishop's see, which, however, was not done till after his death. It was then effected, by curtailing a little from the see of Lincoln. Hen. VIII. granted a charter, by which the church was created a cathedral, and the establishment made to consist of a dean, a priest, and eight prebendaries, with other ministers. At the devastation in the reign of this monster, the revenues of this cathedral and the monastery were 3,219l. 5s. 4d., now about 64,3851. 6s. 8d. Ely is the only city in England which does not send members to parliament. It is not incorporated, nor has it any jurisdiction distinct from the rest of the island. It has one chief-justice: the Spring Assizes for the whole island are held here, and the Easter and Michael. mas Quarter Sessions. It contains 2 parishes; Holy Trinity and St. Mary's; and it is divided into three wards, each of which has its separate constable. Ely market is on Thursday. There are two annual fairs, each lasting nine days; one beginning on Ascension-day, and the other on the 29th of October. The latter was, in ancient times, celebrated for the sale of ribbons of divers colours, which were held in great veneration, as having touched the shrine of St. Etheldreda, and, being called St. Audrey's ribbons, some etymologists imagine this the origin of the word tawdry. There are no manufactures of any consequence either in the city or in the island. The city itself consists of one long street of well-built houses, some having the appearance of antiquity, and of some inferior streets, irregular, and neither lighted nor paved. These latter are interspersed by market and fruit-gardens, very judiciously cultivated, and whence a considerable part of the produce goes to the London markets. In the modern history of Ely there is one fact which I could hardly leave unnoticed; the flogging of local militia-men in the year 1809, under a guard of German troops, which German troops were quartered at Bury at the time, and brought from that place to awe the English militia into suffering this horrible degradation. Having, in the Political Register, raised my voice against this, having exclaimed against the introduction of foreign troops to England under any pretence, and particularly against using these mercenaries in this illegal manner, I was prosecuted by George the Third, for libel on himself; and, Ellenborough being chief-justice, Spencer Perceval (since shot by Bellingham in the lobby of the House of Commons), prime minister, and Vicary Gibbs, attorneygeneral, I was sentenced to two years' imprisonment in Newgate, to pay a fine of one thousand pounds to the king (who went mad while I was in prison, and died mad some years after I came out), and to find two sureties to be bound in a bond of S001. penalty each, for my good behaviour for seven years! All which I underwent. EVERSDEN (Great), 34 miles S.W. from FEN-DITTON, 24 miles N.E. from Cam- |