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OF REAL ES-
TATE, LEASES,
MINES, AND
MACHINERY,

AND SHARES IN
COMPANIES.

term upon trusts;

the mines;

-and to cor. respond with

before assigned, or expressed and intended so to be, unto the said E. F. and G. H., their executors, administrators, and assigns, nevertheless upon the trusts and for the intents and purposes hereinafter expressed and declared or referred to, of and concerning the same, that is to say, UPON TRUST, during the joint lives of the said A. B. and C. D., when and as occa-for working sion shall require, to cause the same to be repaired and replaced, with power to defray all expenses attendant thereupon out of the produce of the working of the said mines, or other the rents, issues, and profits of the said hereditaments and premises comprised in the said term of seventy years, determinable as aforesaid, and upon trust during the same period to use and employ the said premises lastly hereinbefore assigned, or expressed and intended so to be, or permit the same to be used and employed in and for the purpose of working and managing the said mines; AND UPON FURTHER TRUST, from and after the decease of the trusts of the either of them the said A. B. and C. D., to stand possessed of the same premises respectively, upon and for such trusts, intents, and purposes, and with, under, and subject to such powers, provisocs, agreements, and declarations, as shall and may as nearly correspond with and be similar to the uses, trusts, intents, purposes, powers, provisoes, agreements, and declarations, hereinbefore limited, declared, and contained of and concerning the said hereditaments hereinbefore granted and released, or expressed and intended so to be, as the different natures and qualities of the same, and the rules of law and equity, will permit, yet so that the same shall not, for the effect or purpose of transmission, vest absolutely in any son of the said A. B. by the said C. D. who shall not attain the age of twenty-one years (f): PROVIDED ALWAYS, and it is hereby agreed and declared between and by the parties to these presents, that, notwithand machinery. standing anything herein before contained, it shall be lawful

freeholds.

Power to the trustees in certain events to sell the stock

for the said E. F. and G. H., and the survivor of them, his executors or administrators, in case the power of granting mining leases hereinbefore limited shall be exercised, to sell

(f) See the form, supra, p. 543, and the note (0).

OF REAL ES-
TATE, LEASES,
MINES AND
MACHINERY,

AND SHARES IN
COMPANIES.

Trusts of the from the sale. money arising

and dispose of, either by public auction or private contract, or partly by public auction, and partly by private contract, all the railway carriages and other moveable articles and effects, horses, and cattle, and other stock, which shall be used in and about the working and managing of the mines which shall be so let, or such part of the same articles, effects, and stock as shall not, at their or his discretion, be required for the working of any other of the mines then worked and managed, or about to be worked and managed, by them or him under the power in that behalf hereinbefore contained, for the best price or prices that can be reasonably had or gotten for the same: AND IT IS HEREBY AGREED and declared, that the monies to be produced by such sale or sales shall be held by the said trustees or trustee for the time being, or their or his executors, administrators, or assigns, upon the same trusts, and for the same intents and purposes, and with, under, and subject to the same powers, provisoes, agreements, and declarations as are hereinbefore declared, expressed, and contained of and concerning the monies to arise by any sale or sales which shall be made under the power herein before contained of selling the said hereditaments and premises herein before granted and released, or expressed and intended so to be: [Trustees' receipt clause, supra, p. 352; Power of Trustee clauses. appointing new trustees, supra, p. 548; Clause for the indemnity of trustees, supra, p. 550, adding the following words: "and that any one or more of them shall not be answerable or accountable for the acts, neglect, or default of any manager, agent, steward, viewer, receiver, bailiff, workmen, or other person appointed by them or him in pursuance of the authority in that behalf hereinbefore contained;" Clause for the payment of trustees' expenses, supra, p. 551]: PROVIDED ALWAYS, and it is Powers of rehereby further declared, that it shall be lawful for the vocation. said A. B. and the said C. D., from time to time and at any time or times during their joint lives, by any deed or deeds, instrument or instruments in writing, to be sealed and delivered by them in the presence of, and to be attested by, two or more credible witnesses, and, after the decease of the said C. D., to and for the said A. B., from time to time

OF REAL ESTATE LEASES,

MINES, AND

AND SHARES IN

COMPANIES.

and at any time or times during his life, with the consent in writing of the said E. F. and G. H., or the survivor of MACHINERY, them, or the executors or administrators of such survivor, by any deed or deeds, or instrument or instruments in writing, to be by him sealed and delivered in the presence of, and to be attested by, two or more credible witnesses, (but without prejudice to any previous exercise of any of the powers hereinbefore contained), to alter, vary, revoke, determine, or make void, all and every or any of the uses, estates, trusts, and limitations herein before limited and declared of and concerning the said hereditaments and premises herein before granted and released, or expressed and intended so to be, or any of them, or any part or parts thereof, and all and every or any of the trusts hereinbefore declared of and concerning all or any of the copyhold and leasehold hereditaments, shares, stock, personal chattels, and premises herein before covenanted to be surrendered and assigned, or expressed and intended so to be, respectively, and by the same or any other deed or deeds, or instrument or instruments in writing, to declare any new or other use or uses, estate or estates, trust or trusts, power or powers, of and concerning the hereditaments, shares, stock, personal chattels, and premises, the uses or trusts whereof respectively shall be so altered, varied, revoked, determined, or made void as aforesaid, anything hereinbefore contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding. IN WITNESS &c.

XXIII.

STRICT

STRICT SETTLEMENT (a) in favour of the
Settlor, his Sons and Daughters-NAME and SETTLEMENT.
ARMS Clause-POWER to CHARGE a GROSS
SUM of Money-POWERS of JOINTURING and
CHARGING PORTIONS-POWER of LEASING-
POWERS of PARTITION-ENFRANCHISEMENT,
and SALE and EXCHANGE-TRUSTS of Monies
raisable under a Term of Years, and of other
Monies for the payment of Incumbrances and
Annual Sums-SETTLEMENT of CHATTELS as
HEIR-LOOMS-PROVISO that an Annuity shall
be paid after any attempt at Alienation for the
MAINTENANCE of the Annuitant or his Wife and
Children-POWER to BORROW Money under
the Trusts of a Term- -to DEPOSIT Monies
at BANKERS'—or to Invest—to COMPOUND with
Incumbrancers, and submit to ARBITRATION-
POWERS and Trusts for the MANAGEMENT of
Estates-ASSIGNMENT of, and POWER OF AT-
TORNEY to collect, Rents already due-PRO-
VISO that Creditors shall gain no fresh Lien—
SPECIAL Trustees' Receipt Clauses- PROVISO
that ATTORNIES being TRUSTEES shall be paid
their PROFESSIONAL CHARGES.

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THIS INDENTURE, made &c., BETWEEN A. B. of Parties. &c., [settlor], of the first part; C. B. of the same place,

(a) What is meant by the term "strict settlement," does not seem to "Strict settlebe very accurately defined in the text books. The expression, indeed, ment "-meanseems to be applied to several varieties of settlement; but, perhaps, the ing of the term.

essential notion of a strict settlement is, that it should contain a limitation to, at least, one person for life, with remainder to trustees during

STRICT

SETTLEMENT.

How instructions for a

strict settle

carried into

effect.

esquire, the eldest son, and heir apparent of the said A. B., of the second part; the said C. B., E. F., of &c., and

his life, to preserve contingent remainders, with remainder to his first and other sons successively in tail male or in tail, with a remainder or remainders over, disposing of the reversion expectant on such prior estates. (See Precedent XVI., supra, pp. 501, 505). Such a settlement generally contains a limitation of a jointure to the wife of the tenant for life, and of powers, and a term for securing it, and of a term for raising portions for the younger children of the settlor, as in Precedent XVI., supra. It usually contains, too, a variety of powers for managing and dealing with the estate, and sometimes for creating annual and gross charges; but none of these limitations or powers seem essential to a strict settlement. The Precedent in the text contains a complex series of limitations to the settlor and his issue, male and female, and answers, perhaps, completely to the popular notion of a strict settlement. But all the limitations, except those in favour of the settlor and his eldest son, and the issue male of that son, might be taken away, without destroying the character of the settlement.

If, however, instructions are given to settle an estate in strict settlement on certain persons and their issue, the conveyancer should carry ment are to be his instructions into effect, by limiting a life estate to the first person named, with remainder to his first and other sons in tail male, remainder to the second person named for his life, remainder to his first and other sons in tail male, and so on through the whole of the persons named, interposing, of course, proper limitations to the trustees after each estate for life to preserve contingent remainders. Then will follow a series of limitations in tail general to the first and other sons of the successive tenants for life; and afterwards, a series of limitations to the first and other daughters of the successive tenants for life in tail male and in tail general, or in tail general only, with such remainders over as may be deemed advisable, including an ultimate remainder in fee. This species of settlement probably proceeds or originated from the idea that there is or may be a title in the family, which is descendible in the male line, and which it is desirable should be accompanied by the property, so long as it endures. But if there should be a title descendible in the female as well as in the male line, it is obvious that the arrangement of the limitations must be different; for the whole issue of every prior tenant for life must be exhausted before any subsequent tenant for life, and his issue, can be permitted to take.

The settlement in the text was not that of a titled family; but still the preference is given to the male line, with certain variations, occasioned by the situation of the parties.

Jointures and portions are from their nature limited only in pursuance of express instructions; but when instructions for a strict settlement are

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