Later Medieval PhilosophyThis introduction to philosophy in the Latin West between 1150 and 1350 combines an historical approach, which concentrates on the sources, forms and backgrounds of the medieval works, with philosophical analysis of thirteenth and fourteenth-century writing in terms comprehensible to a modern reader. Part One looks at the intellectual and historical context of medieval thought. It examines the courses in the medieval universities; the methods of teaching; the forms of written work; the logical techniques used for argument and analysis; the translation and the availability of Ancient Greek, Arab and Jewish philosophical texts; the challenges the new material presented and the various ways in which Western thinkers responded to them. Part Two focuses on one important problem in later medieval thought: the nature of intellectual knowledge. It explains the arguments given by Aristotle, his antique commentators and the Arab philosophers Avicenna and Averroes, and traces how a series of Western thinkers, including Thomas Aquinas and William of Ockham, developed, modified or rejected them. |
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abstractive active intellect angels Anima Aquinas Aquinas’s Arab argues arguments Aristotelian Aristotle Aristotle’s arts faculty arts masters Averroes Avicenna Boethius Christian commentaries discussion disputations doctrine existence explain faith fourteenth century God’s grasp Henry Henry of Ghent Henry’s human intellect human soul ideas individual thing instance intellectual cognition intellectual knowledge intellectual memory intelligible species interpretation intuitive cognition later medieval thinkers Latin Liber de Causis logic Lombard’s material medieval philosophy medieval scholars medieval universities Metaphysics Middle Ages mind nature Ockham Oxford Paris Peter the Lombard phantasmata position Posterior Analytics potential intellect premisses principles problems question quiddity Radulphus Brito rational reason relation Scotus Scotus’s second intentions self-evident sense sensible images Sentences Siger singulars sort St Thomas St Thomas’s student Summa Summa Theologiae supposition teaching texts theologians theology theory thinking thirteenth century thought topics translated treatise truth William William of Auvergne William of Moerbeke word