Transactions, Volume 1Newcomen Society for the Study of the History of Engineering and Technology., 1922 - Engineering |
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Common terms and phrases
17th century appears Archæological Arkwright Ashburnham B.Sc Birmingham blast furnace bobbins boiler Boulton Boulton and Watt Camborne carriage cast cast-iron guns Catch-me-who-Can century chafery cotton cylinder diameter Diderot & D'Alembert doubt DRAWING ROLLER early Encyclopédie England evidence Felton finery Folio Forest of Dean forges foundays founders Francis Trevithick Goodrich H.M. Patent Office hammer hearth invention iron-making IRONMAKING IN FRANCE ironworks Jedediah Strutt John Kent leather lenol letter London locomotive M.I.Mech mechanical mention mill Newcomen Society number of furnaces original paper patent drawing Patent Office Library Paul and Wyatt Paul's Pen-y-darren Pendred plate referred Richard Richard Arkwright Richard Trevithick Road Rowlandson Science Museum South Kensington spindle SPINNING MACHINE steam coach steam engine Street stroke Strutt Surrey Sussex Sussex Iron thread tons top rollers trade Tuckingmill Vivian W. A. Young Watt Weald Wealden wheels wrought iron Wyatt MSS
Popular passages
Page 53 - We next are shown A circular machine*, of new design, In conic shape : It draws and spins a thread Without the tedious toil of needless hands.
Page 30 - They expect that one man and a boy at the finery should make two tuns of iron in a week : two men at the chafery should take up, ie make or work, five or six tun in a week. " 3. If into the hearth where they work the...
Page 53 - Sagacious, has a spiral engine form'd, Which, on an hundred spoles, an hundred threads, With one huge wheel, by lapse of water, twines, Few hands requiring; easy-tended work, That copiously supplies the greedy loom.
Page 27 - The ore most commonly used was the clay ironstone, which occurs in nodules and thin beds towards the bottom of the Wadhurst Clay. There is also a bed of shelly calcareous ironstone occurring a few feet above the Ashdown Sand, which would, of itself, serve for both ore and flux. It was probably extracted at the same time as the ironstone. The ore was worked mainly by means of bell-pits, of about 6 feet in diameter at the top, and widening towards the bottom. They were generally shallow, rarely more...
Page 30 - This done, they immediately return it to the finery again, and after two or three heats and working they bring it to an ancony ; the figure whereof is, in the middle, a bar about three feet long, of that shape they intend the whole bar to be made of it ; at both ends a square piece left rough to be wrought at the chafery. Note. At the finery, three load of the biggest coals go to make one tun of iron.
Page 52 - ... round by their motion, draws in the raw mass of wool or cotton to be spun, in proportion to the velocity given to such rollers, cylinders, or cones.
Page 29 - The hearth, or bottom of the furnace, is made of a sandstone, and the sides round, to the height of a yard, or thereabout ; the rest of the furnace is lined up to the top with brick. " When they begin upon a new furnace, they put fire for a day or two before they begin to blow.
Page 60 - I, the said Richard Arkwright, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said invention, and declare that the plan thereof drawn in the margin of these presents is composed of the following particulars, (that is to say) A, the cogg wheel and shaft, which receive their motion from a horse. B, the drum or wheel which turns C a belt of leather, and gives motion to the whole machine. D, a lead weight, which keeps F, the small drum, steady to E, the forcing wheel. G, the shaft of wood which gives...
Page 30 - Manner of Working the Iron at the Forge or Hammer In every forge or hammer there are two fires at least, the one they call the Finery, the other the Chafery.
Page 29 - THE MANNER OF THE IRON WORK AT THE FURNACE. " The iron-mine lies sometimes deeper, sometimes shallower, in the earth, from four to forty [feet] and upward. " There are several sorts of mine, some hard, some gentle, some rich, some coarser. The iron-masters always mix different sorts of mine together, otherwise they will not melt to advantage. " When the mine is brought in, they take...