shoot at they are only men; our fathers have killed many of them we are not squaws, and we will stain the earth red with their blood.

16. "Brothers-The Great Spirit is angry with our enemies-he speaks in thunder, and the earth swallows up villages and drinks up the Mississippi. The great waters will cover their low lands; their corn cannot grow, and the Great Spirit will sweep those who escape to the hills, from the earth, with his terrible breath.

17. "Brothers-We must be united; we must smoke the same pipe-we must fight each other's battles-and more than all-we must love the Great Spirit-he is for us-he will destroy our enemies, and make all his red children happy."

MOUNT LEBANON.

1. MOUNT Lebanon, or Libanus, celebrated in Scripture poetry, is a mountain of Syria, on the northern borders of Palestine. It extends nearly north and south, and on the east is a parallel chain, called Anti-Libanus or Anti-Lebanon; Colo-Syria being comprehended between them.

2. Mount Lebanon is composed of primitive limestone, which presents frequently the appearance of towers and castles. The greatest elevation is estimated at nine thousand five hundred and twenty feet. It is composed of four inclosures on ridges of mountains, which rise one upon the other.

3. The first is very fruitful in grain and fruits; the second is barren, abounding in nothing but thorns, rocks, and flints; the third, though higher, enjoys perpetual spring, the trees being always green, and the orchards filled with fruit.

4. It is, indeed, so agreeable and fertile, that some have called it a terrestrial paradise; the fourth is so high as to be almost always covered with snow, and is uninhabitable by reason of its great cold. Lebanon is inhabited chiefly by the Maronites, Druses, and wild Arabs.

5. The convent occupied by the Maronite patriarch consists of various grottos, of which the church is the largest, and is cut out of the rock. Near Damascus there are im

mense caverns, one of which is capable of containing four thousand men. A few specimens yet remain of those magnificent cedars, for which Lebanon is so celebrated in the Scriptures.

Note. Syria is a province of Turkey in Asia, east of the Mediterranean. Its capital is Damascus. Palestine is a part of Turkey in Asia; it is called also Judea, Holy Land, and Canaan. It lies south of Mount Lebanon, west

of Mount Hermon, and east of the Mediterranean. capital is Jerusalem.

Its

INTEGRITY.

1. AMONG the prisoners taken at the battle of Hoosac by the Americans, was an inhabitant of Hancock, in the county of Berkshire, a plain farmer, named Richard Jackson. This man had conscientiously taken the side of the British in the revolutionary contest, and felt himself bound to seize the earliest opportunity of employing himself in the service of his sovereign.

2. Hearing that Colonel Baum was advancing with a body of troops towards Bennington, he rose early, saddled his horse, and rode to Hoosac, intending to attach himself to his corps. Here he was taken in such circumstances as proved his intention beyond every reasonable doubt. He was besides too honest to deny it.

3. Accordingly he was transmitted to Great Barrington, then the shire town of Berkshire, and placed in the hands of General Fellows, high sheriff of the county, who immediately confined him in the county jail. This building. was at that time so infirm, that without a guard no prisoner could be kept in it who wished to make his escape.

4. To escape, however, was in no degree consonant with Richard's idea of right, and he thought no more seriously of making an attempt of this nature, than he would have done in his own house. After he had lain quietly in jail a few days, he told the sheriff that he was losing his time and earning nothing, and wished that he would permit him to go out and work in the day time, promising to return regularly at evening to his quarters in the prison.

5. The sheriff had become acquainted with his character, and readily acceded to his proposal. Accordingly Richard went out regularly during the remaining part of the autumn, and the following winter and spring, until the beginning of May, and every night returned at the proper time to the jail.

6. In this manner he performed a day's work every day, with scarcely any exception besides the Sabbath, through the whole period. In the month of May he was to be tried for high treason. The sheriff made preparations to conduct him to Springfield, where his trial was to be held.

7. But he told the sheriff that it was not worth his while to take this trouble, for he could just as well go alone, and it would save both the expense and the inconvenience of the sheriff's journey. The sheriff, after a little reflection, assented to his proposal, and Richard commenced his journey-the only one, it is believed, which was ever undertaken in the same manner for the same object.

"To

8. In the woods of Tyringham he was overtaken by the Honourable T. Edwards, from whom I had this story. "Whither are you going?" said Mr. Edwards. Springfield, sir," answered Richard, "to be tried for my life." Accordingly he proceeded directly to Springfield, surrendered himself to the sheriff of Hampshire, was tried, found guilty, and condemned to die.

9. The council of Massachusetts was, at this time, the supreme executive of the state. Application was made to this board for pardon. The facts were stated, the evidence by which they were supported, and the sentence grounded on them. The question was then put by the president, "Shall a pardon be granted to Richard Jack

son ?"

10. The gentleman who first spoke observed, that the case was perfectly clear: the act alleged against Jackson was unquestionably high treason; and the proof was complete. If a pardon be granted in this case, he saw no reason why it should not be granted in every other. In the same manner answered those who followed him.

11. When it came to the turn of Mr. Edwards, he told this story, with those little circumstances of particularity, which, though they are easily lost from memory, and have escaped mine, give light and shade a living reality, and a

picturesque impressiveness to every tale which is fitted to enforce conviction, or to touch the heart.

12. At the same time he recited it without enhancement, without expatiating, without any attempt to be pathetic. As is always the case, this simplicity gave the narration its full force. The council began to hesitate. One of the members at length observed, "Certainly such a man as this ought not to be sent to the gallows."

13. To this opinion the members unanimously assented. A pardon was immediately made out and transmitted to Springfield, and Richard returned to his family. Never was a stronger proof exhibited that honesty is wisdom.

MOUNT ARARAT.

1. ARARAT is a remarkable mountain of Armenia, on the borders of Persia. It is detached from other mountains in the neighbourhood, and stands in the middle of an extensive plain. It rises in the form of a sugar loaf, having two distinct summits, one of which is estimated at nine thousand five hundred feet in height, and is covered with perpetual snow.

2. The surface of the lower part is covered with loose sand, or large masses of free stone. Nothing is to be seen growing upon it but some juniper, goat's thorn, and mouse There is on one side a large opening, or gulf, of immense depth, and of very frightful appearance.

ear.

3. The whole of the mountain, indeed, is described by travellers as having a very disagreeable aspect. After many fruitless attempts, it has been found impossible to ascend more than half way to the summit, on account of the great steepness of the mountain, and its being covered with ice. 4. Bruce saw this mountain from Derbend, a distance of two hundred and forty miles. Mount Ararat is suppos ed to be the place on which Noah's ark rested after the deluge, and on this account it is greatly venerated by the Armenians.

5. "The day was overspread with clouds," says Mr. Morier, "till near sunset, when it cleared away a little to the northward, and showed us the sublime and venerable

mountain of Ararat which presented a stupendous mass to our view.

6. "The Persians told me that it was eight hours' distant from us; and added many stories of its wonders :—such as, that no one who attempted to ascend it ever returned; and that of one hundred men who had been sent from Erzerum by the pacha, to effect the undertaking, all died. The Armenian priest assured me, with a very grave face, that the ark was still there."

Note. Persia is a large kingdom of Asia, bounded on the north by the Caspian Sea, and Georgia; west by Turkey, and Arabia; south by the gulfs of Persia, and Ormus, and sea of Arabia; east by Hindoostan; between 24° and 40° north latitude. The Persians are generally Mahome

tans.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SAMUEL ADAMS.

1. SAMUEL ADAMS, governor of Massachusetts, and a most distinguished patriot in the American revolution, was born in Boston, of a reputable family, Sept. 27, 1722. He was graduated at Harvard college in 1740. When he commenced master of arts, in 1743, he proposed the following question for discussion:

2. Whether it be lawful to resist the supreme magistrate, if the commonwealth cannot otherwise be preserved? He maintained the affirmative, and thus early shewed his attachment to the liberties of the people. Early distinguished by talents as a writer, his first attempts were proofs of filial piety. By his efforts he preserved the estate of his father, which had been attached on account of an engagement in the land bank.

3. He became a political writer during the administration of Shirley, to which he was opposed, as he thought the union of so much civil and military power in one man was dangerous. His ingenuity, wit, and profound argument are spoken of with the highest respect by those who were contemporary with him. At this early period he laid the foundation of public confidence and esteem.

4. In 1765, he was elected a member of the general