The American House-carpenter: A Treatise Upon Architecture, Cornices and Mouldings, Framing, Doors, Windows, and Stairs : Together with the Most Important Principles of Practical Geometry |
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a b c abutments according to Art angles to a b arch architecture architrave ascertained axis balusters beam bed-moulding bevil bisect bolted breadth in inches building centre circle column constructed cornice cube-root curve cylinder decimal depth in inches describe the arc diameter dimensions direction divided dome door Doric order draw lines edge ellipsis entablature erected Example.-What face-mould falling-mould figure find the shadow floor framing ƒ g girder given Gothic architecture horizontal intercolumniation intersection join joint joists king-post mould multiplied oblique obtained ovolo parallel parallelogram parallelogram of forces perpendicular pine pitch pine pitch-board plane plank pressure projection proper proportion purlins quotient radius rail right angles riser roof scantling side soffit span square square-root stairs stone strains strut style thickness tie-beam timber tread triangle triglyphs truss upper vertical wall weight width
Popular passages
Page 63 - And Cain knew his wife; and she conceived, and bare Enoch: and he builded a city, and called the name of the city, after the name of his son, Enoch.
Page 101 - Modern brick walls are laid with great precision, and depend for firmness more upon their position than upon the strength of their cement. The bricks being laid in horizontal courses, and continually overlaying each other, or breaking joints, the whole mass is strongly interwoven, and bound together. Wooden walls, composed of timbers covered with boards, are a common, but more perishable kind. They require to be constantly covered with a coating of a foreign substance, as paint or plaster, to preserve...
Page 101 - This method is called building in pise, and is much more durable than the nature of the material would lead us to suppose. Walls of all kinds are greatly strengthened by angles and curves, also by projections, such as pilasters, chimneys and buttresses. These projections serve to increase the breadth of the foundation, and are always to be made use of in large buildings, and in walls of considerable length.
Page 53 - The circumference of every circle is supposed to be divided into 360 equal parts, called degrees ; and each degree into 60 equal parts, called minutes ; and each minute into 60 equal parts, called seconds ; and these into thirds, etc.
Page 104 - ... of it is necessarily superfluous, since no greater portion can act in supporting a weight above it, than can be included between two curved or arched lines. Besides the arches already mentioned, various others are in use. The acvte or lancet arch, much «sed in Gothic architecture, is described usually from two centres outside the arch.
Page 6 - CORNICE : Any moulded projection which crowns or finishes the part to which it is affixed.
Page 106 - The flat or platform-roof is the least advantageous for shedding rain, and is seldom used in northern countries. The pent roof, consisting of two oblique sides meeting at top, is the most common form. These roofs are made steepest in cold climates, where they are liable to be loaded with snow. Where the four sides of the roof are all oblique, it is denominated a hipped roof, and where there are two portions to the roof, of different obliquity, it is a curb, or mansard roof.
Page 32 - AB of the circle into as many equal parts as the polygon is to have sides. With the points A and B as centers and radius AB, describe arcs cutting each other at C.
Page 7 - ... resemblance to teeth, used particularly in the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite orders. Doric Order. — Belonging to the second order of columns, between the Tuscan and Ionic. The Doric order is distinguished for strength and simplicity. Dormer Window. — A window placed on the inclined plane of the roof of a house, the frame being placed vertically on the rafters. Echinus. — A moulding of the same form as the ovolo or quarter-round, but properly so called only when ornamented or carved with...
Page 105 - Itajy, vol. ii. p. 77. a very strong kind of structure, even more so than the arch, since the tendency of each part to fall is counteracted, not only by those above and below it, but also by those on each side. It is only necessary that the constituent pieces should have a common form, and that this form should be somewhat like the frustum of a pyramid, so that, when placed in its situation, its four angles may point toward the centre, or axis, of the dome. During the erection of a dome, it is not...