from the New Testament, and twenty-six columns of the text of the Old Testament, and thirty-four of the New, with the entire text of Barnabas and Hermas. The second part contains an account of the other literary results of Prof. Tischendorf's recent explorations, viz: twelve Palimpsests, Greek, Syriac, Arabic, Georgic, and Slavic, above twenty Greek manuscripts, many in uncial letters, and above sixty others in various languages. Several of the Greek manuscripts, particularly those which bear on the Biblical text, are described more fully, and a Græco-Egyptian astrolabe of unique character is represented in lithograph. The third part contains excerpts from various MSS. of Oriental libraries, one of a few lines supplying a lacuna in the XII book of Diod. Siculus; another furnishing valuable Scholia of Origen on the Proverbs of Solomon.

Two new editions of the Septuagint have recently appeared, aiding to restore the text of that version, which, having been used by the New Test. writers, has an interest above that of every other translation, and approaching that of an original work. In 1850 Prof. Tischendorf published an edition of the Septuagint, on the basis of the Vatican Codex, but with revisions, various readings, and Prolegomens. He has recently published a third edition, enlarged and thoroughly revised, with the aid of the new Sinaitic manuscript, with a double text of Daniel, and one hundred and six pages of Prolegomena, giving accounts of the history of the Septuagint, as well as of its oldest monuments and records, with supplementary critical appendices (Vet. Test. Gr. juxta lxx, ed. C. Tischendorf, ed. tert. ratione etiam habita thesauri Sinaitici nuper inventi et editionis Maiana Codicis Vaticani, 2 Tomi. 8, 4 Thlr).

Another edition of the Septuagint has also recently appeared under the auspices of the Christian Knowledge Society. It is edited by Frederick Field, editor of the Homilies of Chrysostom, taking as its basis the Grabian text, but collating it thoroughly with the original Alexandrian MS. (from which Grabe's was taken), separating the Apocryphal books, and arranging books, chapters, and verses according to the Hebrew order, the text in the common editions being in the most deplorable confusion. It thus can be easily compared with the Hebrew. It contains 1088 pages.

Among the distinguished deaths of the past year on the continent of Europe, are, in Denmark, that of John Louis Heiberg, Aug. 25, aged 69, a poet and Hegelian philosopher; and of Prof. A. S. Oersted at Copenhagen, in May, the author of valuable works in law and history; in Holland of Isaac Da Costa, of Jewish extraction, a religious writer and poet; in Germany of Prof. Bernstein of Breslau, a distinguished orientalist; of Christian August Lobeck at Koenigsberg, a veteran philologist, at the age of 79, of Dr. G. P. Wiggers, at Rostock, author of the well known work on Augustinism and Pelagianism and other works, and recently of the celebrated Christian Carl Josias Bunsen, distinguished for the wide range and multifarious character of his acquirements and the acuteness and fertility of his mind, rather than by the exactness of his learning or the soundness of his religious views.

GERMANY.

The Studien und Kritiken, Heft I, 1861, contains, besides its miscellanies, papers by Hupfeld on the science of Biblical Introduction; by Weiss, on the history of the origin of the three synoptical Gospels; by Ritschl, on the antinomists characterized in the Epistle of Jude; by Kamphausen, Remarks on some passages in the fourth chapter of Genesis; Reviews by Wieseler, of Lücke's Commentary on the Epistles of John, and by Kling of Gass's History of Protestant Dogmatik. The Zeitschrift für die historische Theologie, Heft I, 1861, is devoted to an account by Dr. F. Uhlmann of the Persecutions of the Christians in Persia under the Sassanidæ in the fourth and fifth centuries, from contemporaneous and original Syrian sources.

The Zeitschrift für Philosophie, Heft II, 1860, continues A. Zeising's discussion of the Fundamental Forms of Thought in their relation to the Fundamental Forms of Being, No. IV, on Unlimited Quantity as Number. It has articles by Th. Cullmann on the Principles of the Philosophy of Franz von Baader and G. A. von Schaden, and by Meyer on the Critical Philosophy, with special reference to Kant. Its Reviews are: Schenkel's Dogmatik from the stand-point of Conscience, and Schwartz on God, Nature, and Man, by Wirth, and Hoffmann's Outlines of Logic, by Ueberweg. It closes with a full bibliography of recent Philosophical works and Review articles in Germany, France, and England.

The Zeitschrift für die lutherische Theologie, opens with a brief article by Delitzsch, being a continuation of his Talmudic Studies, and justifies from the Talmud the statement of the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews (vii: 27,) of the attendance of the High Priest at the daily sacrifices. Evangelical and learned, Delitzsch is bringing the Jewish writings to the illustration and defence of the Christian Scriptures. A very elaborate and able article by H. O. Köhler of an hundred pages, is devoted to a refutation of Baumgarten's Theology, and to the estab lishing against him of the necessity of the expiatory death of Christ from the Scriptures, and the proof that Jesus himself, even apart from the omniscience of his divine nature, had, at the commencement of his public ministry, a knowledge of this necessity from the Old Testament prophecies. In the extended Bibliography, Lotholtz's edition, of the Discourse of Basil the Great to Christian youth on the right use of Heathen Authors (Gr. text with German notes,) is commended; in a notice of a new edition of part of Meyer's Commentary on the New Testament, a high compliment is paid to the learning and great exegetical ability of the Commentary, while its rationalizing tendencies are also stated.

WORKS IN THEOLOGY AND BIBLICAL LITERATURE.-Words of the Angels (Reden der Engel), by Dr. Rudolf Stier, author of the Words of Jesus.- -Fr. Delitzsch, Commentary on the Psalms (Comm. über den Psalter), 2 Part. Translation and Interpretation of Ps. xc-cl, with Introduction, etc., 530 pp. ($2.50).— -Prof. Dr. H. A. Hahn, Commentary on the Ecclesiastes (Comm. über den Predigerbuch Salomo's),

213 pp -Prof. Dr. G. Volkmar, Manual of Introduction to the Apocrypha (Handbuch der Einl. in die Apokr.), Tübingen, 284 pp. -Dr. Chr. Palmer, Evangelical Pastoral Theology. A small ingenious work, by Pastor Dr. J. Bodemeyer, on the Doctrine of Christ's Humiliation (die Lehre der Kenosis), has recently appeared, and will doubtless attract attention. 242 pp. -Man, the Image of God (der Mensch, das Ebenbild Gottes); his relation to Christ and to the World, by P. F. Keerl. Vol. I. 816 pp.

CHURCH HISTORY, PATRISTICS, ETC.-The first volume of the Ecclesiastical History of the Germanic Nations (Kirchengesch. der German. Völker), by Wilh. Krafft, Prof. of Theol. in Bonn, was published in 1854, but still unfortunately remains unfinished. It is the result of thorough research, investigating first the relations of the Ancient Christian World to the Barbarians, then tracing the early history of the Goths, their conversion, the life, doctrines, etc., of Ulfilas, and bringing the whole down to the middle of the fifth century. Rettberg's classical work, Ecclesiastical History of Germany (Kirchengesch. Deutschland's) covering in part the same ground, was left a fragment by the death of the author.

among

The Life and Select Writings of the Fathers and Founders of the Reformed Church (Leben u. Ausgwählte Schriften der Väter und Begründer der reformirten Kirche), under the general conduct of Dr. K. R. Hagenbach, Part III: Capito and Bucer, Strasburgh Reformers, exhibited in their letters, printed writings, and other contemporaneous sources, by Prof. J. W. Baum, 630 pp.- -Prof. Hagenbach has published Lectures on the Ecclesiastical History of the Middle Ages (Vorlesungen über die Kirchengesch. des Mittelalters). Part I. From the death of Gregory the Great to Innocent III. 343 pp.Th. Nöldeke, History of the Koran. A work crowned by the Paris Acad. of Inscriptions. 390 pp.- -Thammuz and Man Worship the Ancient Babylonians, by D. A. Chowlson.- -The Christian Church on the Threshold of the Age of Irenæus (die Christl. Kirche an der Schwelle, etc.). As foundation for a sketch of Irenæus in his doctrinal and historical relations, by Dr. K. Graul. 183 pp-W. Wassiljew, Buddhism, its Doctrines, History, and Literature. Part I, General Survey. Translated from the Russian. 395 pp. Of Dindorf's excellent edition of Epiphanius, the first, second and fifth volumes have been published. The fifth volume contains the notes of Panarius.The Prophets and their Prophecies (die Propheten u. ihre Weissagungen). An Apologetic and Hermeneutical Essay, by Dr. A Tholuck. 213 pp.- -Theodore Mommsen, the able historian of Rome, has published a History of the Roman System of Coinage (Gesch. des röm. Münzwesens), 932 pp.

-Prof.

Theodore Benfey, the distinguished Oriental, publishes a Quarterly entitled Orient und Occident, in their Mutual Relations, Investigations and Communications. 1 Heft, 200 pp. (4 Nos. $5.00.)

WORKS IN PHILOSOPHY.-G. T. Fechner has published the second part of his work on Psychophysics (Element der Psychophysik), 572

pages, 8. “Fechner is the first who has succeeded in laying upon psychical processes the reins of mathematical analysis, and subjecting these dark provinces to the rules of exact inquiry."- -A. Bastian, Man in History (der Mensch in der Geschichte), in 3 vols.— -Dr. Th. Christlieb, Life and Doctrine of John Scotus Erigena (Leben und Lehre des Joh. Sc. Erig.), in its connection with the preceding, and its points of contact with the more recent Philosophy and Theology, 480 pp.Dr. F. Dittes, on Moral Freedom (über die sittliche Freiheit), with special reference to the systems of Spinoza, Leibnitz, Kant. A crowned essay. With a treatise on Eudemonism, 132 pp.

Dr. Chr. A. Brandis of Bonn, has published a third part of his Manual, a Survey of the Aristotelian System and the Doctrines of his Immediate Successors, as a Transition to the third period in the development of Græco-Roman Philosophy, 424 pp., $2.50.- -Dr. G. Th. Fechner, On the Question of the Soul (Ueber die Seelenfrage). A progress through the Visible World to find the Invisible, 234 pp.Prof. Dr. L. Noack, Immanuel Kant's Resurrection from the Tomb. The Doctrine of the Sage of Königsberg, exhibited in the original documents, 276 pp. Dr. Kuno Fischer's History of Modern Philosophy (Gesch. der neuen Phil.), has reached the fourth volume, being the second volume of his examination of the Critical Philosophy, 710 pp. A new Philosophical Journal, entitled THOUGHT (der Gedanke), under the management of Dr. C. L. Michelet, is published in Berlin as the organ of the Philosophical Society at Berlin.

CLASSICAL LITERATURE AND PHILOLOGY.-Orbis Latinus: a List of the Latin Names of the principal Towns, Seas, Lakes, Mountains, and Rivers in all parts of the Earth, with a German-Latin Index, by Dr. Graesse, 291 pp.-Hymni Homerici, edited, with a revised text, critical apparatus, and select notes, by Aug. Baumeister, 383 pp.Characteristics of the Principal Types of Organic Speech, by Dr. H. Steinthal. A remoulding of his Classification of Languages. Berlin, 344 pp. The Pelasgians as Semites. Historico-Philosophical Inquiries, by Dr. P. Volkmuth, 332 pp.

FRANCE.

On the Origin of the Papacy (De l'Origine de la Papauté), by Charles Page, Paris.- -The Letters of Everard (Les Lettres d' Everard), by P. Lanfrey an important work founded on the state of modern French society.History of the Opie People (Opicans Ausonians), their Legislature and Worship, by Max. de Ring.—A History of Preaching among the Reformed Churches of France in the 19th Century, by A. Vinet, 719 pp.-Elements of Assyrian Grammar, by M. Jules Oppert.

Poems by GEORGE P. MORRIS, with a memoir of the author. Seventeenth edition. New York: Charles Scribner.

English into French. By FRANCIS S. WILLIAMS, principal of a school for young ladies. New York: Mason Brothers, 1861.

First Greek Book; comprising an outline of the forms and inflections of the language, a complete analytical syntax, and an Introductory Greek Reader. With notes and vocabularies. By ALBERT HARKNESS, Ph. D. Prof. of Greek in Brown University, author of "Arnold's first Latin Book," etc. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1861.

The Lake Regions of Central America: a picture of Explorations. By RICHARD F. BURTON, Capt. H. M. I. army, Fellow and Gold Medalist of the Royal Geographical Society. New York: Harper & Brothers.

Travels in the Regions of the Upper and Lower Amoor and the Russian Acquisitions on the confines of India and China. With adventures among the Mountain Kirighis, and the Manjours, Manyargs, Toungous, Touzemts, Goldi, and Gelyaks: the hunting and pastoral tribes. By THOMAS WILLIAM ATKINSON, F. G. S., F. R. G. S., author of Oriental and Western Siberia.” With a map and numerous illustrations. New York: Harper & Brothers.

The Cottages of the Alps: or Life and Manners in Switzerland. By the author of "Pleasant Life in Germany." New York: Charles Scribner.

Struggle for Life. By the author of "Seven Stormy Sundays," etc., etc. Boston: Walker, Wise & Co.

Evan Harrington; or he would be a gentleman. By GEORGE MEREDITH. New York: Harper & Brothers.

Tom Brown at Oxford. A sequel to School Days at Rugby. By the author of "School Days at Rugby," etc. Part First. New York: Harper & Bros. The Missionary in Many Lands; a series of interesting sketches of missionary life. By ERWIN HOUSE, A. M. Ten illustrations. New York: published by Carlton and Porter, Sunday School Union.

True Stories of the days of Washington. & Mason, 1861.

New York: Phinney, Blakeman

May Coverley, the Young Dressmaker. Boston; J. E. Tilton & Co. 1861. The Children's Picture Fable Book; containing one hundred and sixty fables, with sixty illustrations. By HARRISON WAIR. New York: Harper & Bros. 1861. The Children's Picture Book of Birds; Illustrated with sixty-one engravings. By W. HARVEY. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1861.

The Florence Stories. By JACOB ABBOTT. Excursion to the Orkney Islands. New York: Sheldon & Company, 1861.

Stories of Scotland and its Adjacent Islands. By Mrs. THOMAS GELDART, author of "Stories of England and her forty counties," etc. New York: Sheldon & Co. Boston: Gould & Lincoln, 1861.

The Percy Family; the Alps and the Rhine. By DANIEL C. EDDY. Boston: Andrew H. Graves. New York: Sheldon & Company, 1861.

Bob and Walter; with the story of Breakneck Ledge. New York: Phinney, Blakeman, and Mason, 1861.

The Percy Family, the Baltic to Vesuvius. By DANIEL C. EDDY. Boston: Andrew F. Graves, 1860.

Our Year; a Child's Book, in prose and verse. By the author of " John Halifax, Gent." Illustrated by Clarence Dobell. New York: Harper & Bros. 1860. The Annotated Paragraph Bible: containing the Old and New Testaments, arranged in paragraphs and parallelisms; with explanatory notes. The New Testament. New-York: Sheldon & Co. 1861.

The Origin of the Baptists, traced backward by milestones on the track of time. By S. H. FORD, LL. D., editor of the "Christian Repository." Nashville, Tenn.: South-western Publishing House. 1860.

The Christlan Maiden. Memorials of Eliza Hessell. & Porter.

New-York: Carlton

History of Latin Christianity; including that of the Popes to the Pontificate of Nicholas V. By HENRY HART MILMAN, D. D., Dean of St. Pauls. In eight volumes. Vols. II and III. New-Xork: Sheldon & Co.

Essays in Biography and Criticism. By PETER BAYNE, M. A., author of "The Christian Life, Social and Individual." First and Second Series. Boston: Gould & Lincoln.

The Monarchies of Continental Europe. the present day. By JOHN S. C. ABBOTT. Pictures and Flowers for Child-lovers.

Italy. From the earliest period to New-York: Mason & Brothers. 1861. Boston: Walker, Wise & Co. 1861.