feemed to be, an apoftle of this fect, in order to gain, or preserve, its faYour; for while, on one hand, he treated the Duke of Brunswick, Prince Henry, Mollendorf, and even Hertzberg, Schulemburg, and Fink, who managed his affairs, coolly and without regard; he abandoned himself entirely to Welners, to Bifchofswerden, to the Princes of Deffaw and Wurtemberg; to Frederic of Brunswick, the Duke of Weymar, and other vifionaries, who made Mofes and Jefus appear to him; and who, it is faid, carried the impofture fo far, as, at fupper, to trace to him the fhadow, of the ghoft of Cæfar.

"By amufing his imagination with fuch illufions, or by terrifying him with fuch vifions, the artful courtiers, humouring his vanity, and availing themfelves of his weaknefs, obtained poffeffion of all influence, without ap(pearing to afpire to power, and infenfibly undermined that of the fervants of the Great Frederic. The effect of the

influence of thefe new counfellors was every where very foon felt: degrees were lavished without difcernment; titles prostituted without number. In a little time, as was remarked by a fatirical writer, it would have been more difficult in Pruffia to find a man than a nobleman. The army now feldom faw its chief, who could no longer difguife how much he was become tired with military details. The receipts were diminished; the expenfes multiplied; the treasure encroached on; even the natural good temper of the King was abufed, by intrigue, to make him exercife unjuft rigours. The French adminiftration of finance, and Launay its chief, had rendered important services; it had, in nineteen years, brought into the treasury forty-two millions five hundred thousand crowns beyond its engagements. It was natural this fhould excite complaints. It is a duty to relieve the people, and to redrefs abuses; but thofe who have fcrupulously obeyed, and served with zeal, ought not to be punished. All Frenchmen were difmiffed, and fucceeded by men without. ability: this fault entailed serious confequences. Deprived of fo rich a fource of revenue, the King adopted a scheme of capitation, which excited violent difcontent; but to this he at first adhered with obftinacy. At laft, however, he was obliged to reVOL. V.-No. XLVI.

linquish it, by a bold letter, in which the minifters Hertzberg, d'Arnhim, Heinitz, Schulemburg, expreffed them. felves in these energetic terms: This meafure alarms all claffes of your fubjects, effaces from their hearts the title of wellbeloved, and chills the zeal of those whom you have called to your councils. Such a letter entitles thofe who wrote it to our esteem; and leaves room to regret, that a prince, capable of profiting by it, had not confided folely in those minifters." Vol. i. p. 32.

(To be continued)

XXXIX. Tears and Smiles: a mifcellaneous Collection of Poems. By PETER PINDAR, Efq. Small 8vo. pp. 167. With Frontispiece. 55. Weft and Hughes.

CONTENTS.

JULIA; or, the Victim of Love:

an elegiac Ballad-Orfon and Ellen: a legendary Tale--New old Ballads-Odes, &c.

ADVERTISEMENT TO NEW OLD

BALLADS.

"THE following ballads were compofed feveral years ago, in imitation of authors of the reigns of Harry the Eighth, Elizabeth, and James, and fent to fome of my literary friends as innocent deceptions. P. P."

THE PETITION OF THE LOVER.

"AH! fay not 'No' unto my pray❜r,

For I have loved thee full long; To thefe twin eyes thou art moft fayre,

Surpaffing praise of sweetest fong. Then fay not 'No' unto my pray❜r, But be fo kind as thou art fayre. "Why art thou with rare beauty blest?

Only to blefs mankynde, I wifs; Not for to robbe the harte of reft,

But fill it with a fea of blisse.

Then say not No' unto my pray❜r,
But be fo kynde as thou art fayre.

"The funne was made to warme the earte,

So

And plenty make, and kepe off blite; fhould thy beauty's funne give

Addreffed to Queen Elizabeth, on his prefuming to listen privately to her Majesty awhile he played on the Virginals.

Delivered by Lord Hunfdon. "OH! in your gracious goodneffe deigne

To pardon mee, moft mighty Queene, Who dared (not to be forgeven)

To heare on eith the fonges of heaven!

"I ftrofe to flye from foche fwete founde,

But nail'd was I unto the grounde; My feet, entraunced, could not move, And all my mynde was loft in love. "What punishment your gracious fenfe 'Ordaineth for my rude offence, Yet beat grate, and life deftroye, It may not equal my past joye. "If you would more than cruel be,

Deth muft not be devis'd för me; But take my ears quick fenfe away, When you, grate Queene, fhail finge and playe." P. 130.

A BALLADE OF WYNTER,

"LOUD blowe the wyndes with bluftering breath,

And fnows fall cold upon the heath,

And hill and vale looke drear; The torrents foam with headlong roar, And trees their chilly loads deplore,

And droppe the icy tear.

"The little birdes, with wifhfull eye, For almes unto my cottage fiye,

Sith they can boafte no hoard: Sharpe in myne house the pilgrims But Robin will not distance keepe, peep,

So percheth on my boarde.
"Now on the cradle doth he hye,
And kenneth down, with connyng eye,
Upon my babe below;

And finding comfort in my cot,
He tweedles forth a fimple note,
And shakes his wings of fnow.
"Come in, ye little minstrels fwete,
And from your feathers fhake the fleete,

No cat fhall touch a fingle plume;
And warme your freezing bloodé :
Come in, fweet choir-nay, fill my
room,

And take of grain a treat.

"Then flicker gay about my beams, And hoppe and doe what pleafaunt feemes,

And be a joyfull throng, Till Spring may cloath the naked

I have no wicked hooke,
All cover'd with a foaring bait,
Alas! to tempt thee to thy fate,

And dragge thee from the brooke. "O harmless tenant of the flood, I do not wish to fpill thy blood;'

For Nature unto thee Perchance hath given a tender wife, And children dear, to charme thy life, As the hath done for me.

Enjoy thy ftreame,* O harmless fish; And when an angler, for his dith,

Through gluttony's vile fin, Attempts, a wretch, to pull thee out, God give thee ftrength, O gentel trout, To pull the rafkall in!" P. 143.

ANCIENT

ANCIENT SIMPLICITY. "FOLK be too fond of mounting Fortune's wheel;

And though the humbleth thousands in, the muck,

Ambition's flame their brenning bofoms feel,

Pardie! they must crawl up, and try their luck.

"But when aloft--themselves they scarcely know,

Defpifefull fquinting on the world below:

But when they tremble, none lament their thrall,

But grin, and point their finger to their fall.

"To fhew that I am not now uttering lies,

I'll tell a little tale in fop guife.

THE YOUNG CROWS AND THE YOUNG WRENS.

A Tale.

"A CROW upon a lofty tree

Did build her sticky neft; And younglings did fhe bring to light, In number five at least.

"One morning, on a fummer's day, Did peep eche youngling Crow, And spied upon a brambling bush Some youngling Wrens below. "Thefe fimple Wrens in happy glee Did spread their little wing; And, lightfome, hopp'd from bush to bush,

And merrily did fing.

"Poor humble creatures,' cry'd the Crows,

'Eche is a beggar wight; 'Look up to us, and see our state, "Our houfes lofty hight.

"We look upon the beamy skies, "While you through hedges wade; 'We gaze upon the morning fun, 'While ye are loft in shade.

"Poor imps departe, nor here offend; Take off eche felie face;

'This hill was only made for crows, Then do not us difgrace.

"If you do not this region quit, 'We'll dung upon you foon.' The fmiling Wrens made answer none, But trill'd their little tune.

"Short time had pafs'd, when suddenly Grim Boreas 'gan howl;

The thunder crack'd, the lightning flash'd,

And frighted man and fowl. "While thus the dredefull thunder crack'd,

And lightning broad did flash; The limb where on the Crows were perch'd

Did give a fudden crash. `"Down came the limb, and with it down

Did tumble eche young Crow; Some broke their legs, and fome their wings,

And doleful look'd below.

"'Twas now the time for Wrens to jeer;

So forth did fly the train, And, twittering, faw with fmiles the Crows

All sprawling on the plain.

"Then taunting an arch Wren began:
Sir Crows, of high renowne,
Ye came, by this your dirty trim,
A in a hurry down.

"And by the locke of all your limbs,
And feathers fous'd with rain,
"It will be fome fmall time before
Your Graces mount again.
"Proud fooles, how felie ye defcend
From skies to dirty fens!
Thank Heaven, with hedges we're

of the Duties, general and particular, of the Steward-The firft Acts of Stewardship-On letting and leafing Farms-On the home or official Du

ties within the Demefne, including Hints on the improved Culture of the Demefne Lands--The Office of Accounts-General Hints on rural Affairs Detached Articles of Information On Divifion of Lands, and on Farm Buildings--Enumera tion of the various Fences--Pifé, or building in Mould--Building Eftimates--The leading Principles of Tillage on the various Soils-Drainage of Bog, Morafs, and Fen-Drain ing, Embankment, Irrigation-Roads and Iron Rail-ways-Pit-pumpBrick-making, Tiles, Slate-Ochre, Kelp, Wells Fifb-ponds, &c. Timber-planting, with its Relations -Various Foreft Trees and Shrubs --Furze, Broom, and Heath-Woods and Plantations --Felling TimberBarking--Charcoal-Fuel-Sea foning and Prefervation of Timber, Remedies, &c.

EXTRACTS FROM THE INTRO

DUCTION.

"GRANTING a work of this kind to be at all ufeful, a new one feemed abfolutely neceffary, fince the only two in our language, of any reputation, have been long fince out of print, and the lateft of them become extremely fcarce; to this may be added, the confideration of thofe changes and improvements, which have taken place in our agricultural fyftem, fince their times.

"The works to which I allude, are thofe of Laurence and Mordant. Edward Laurence, author of The Duty and Office of a Land Steward,' broher to the Rev. Mr. Laurence, the celebrated horticultural writer, was an eminent land-furveyor, in the reigns of Anne and George the Firft. John Mordant publifhed his Complete Steward,' in two volumes, dedicated to Sir William Wake, Baronet, in 1761. Laurence was truly an original writer on this fubject, which he tells us in his preface, making great complaints of the general unfaithfulnefs of ftewards, was wholly new. Mordant has taken

the work of his predeceffor as a model, making large and useful additions, evidently the refult af much practice and experience: in my turn, I have availed myfelf of all the affiftance which was to be derived from them both, and from every other fource of information, within my reach, which, combined with the portion I had already acquired by my own obfervation, I hope will not be altogether too trifling for use, or too mean to deferve correction.

"In addition to the precife duties of the steward, I have selected fuch leading articles of economical and agricultural information, as I judged would be moft conducive to a general and comprehenfive knowledge of thofe important fubjects; but I have totally omitted thofe tables of menfuration and of intereft, and thofe law inftruments, of which Mordant's books are fo full, having no room to spare for that, which will doubtlefs be fought in its more proper place. In the admeafurement of land and timber, the practitioner may make use of the tables of Davis or Culluyer, and he is farther promised the valuable affiftance of Profeffor Hutton on the fame fubjects." P. vi.

"The generous advocates of humanity to brute animals will be gratified by the following intelligence. Lord Carrington, prefident of the Board of Agriculture, in the true fpirit of practical humanity, fome time fince requefted Meffrs. Mellifh to make trial at the Victualling Office, of the flaughtering-knife for laying oxen. Thofe gentlemen complied, and with a commendable zeal and perseverance, totally overcame the obftinate prejudices of their fervants, in confequence of which, the method of laying oxen with the knife, instead of the old cruel, laborious, and troublesome method, has met the most complete fuccefs. The animal falls fenfelefs in an inftant, and not only the head and neck, but the carcafe in general, is found to be in a much fuperior condition, to that, in which it had used to be, after the numerous and uncertain blows, bruifes, and frights, too commonly attendant on the old method. It was faid, that on trial, the ox feemed fenfible of pain ten minutes after he had fallen, which, if poffible, cannot come in the form of an objection, fince all that can be de fired, is to bring the animal easily and

quiet to the ground. In the fame way, we are affured by the Rev. Mr. Marfhall, eels and fifh of all kinds may be inftantaneously killed, an incifion being made with a fharp-pointed penknife, or punctures with a bodkin, longitudinally, into the brain, about half an inch or an inch above the eyes, according to the fize of the fish: a method which will be remembered by those, who generously wish to leffen the unneceffary fufferings of animal nature." P. xi.

< PREVIOUSLY to the prefent century, and indeed until within the laft thirty or forty years, the portion of land under culture, for the production of bread corn, feems to have been fully adequate to the fubfiftence of the number of people, at a reasonable rate, with an occafional furplus for exportation. This being granted, it may feem ftrange, that fo great inconvenience to the public, and distress to the poor, on account of the dearnefs of corn, fhould have recurred at fuch frequent periods. It evidently proves the existence of an error fomewhere; and as we have none to charge to the account of nature, in any fenfe, no doubt can remain that the blame attaches exclufively to ourfelves. After this discovery, our next inquiry will naturally be, in what particulars have we erred, and what are the proper remedies? On this head I shall speak almoft without referve, and certainly without apology, which ought not to be required from him, who making a fincere ufe of fuch information as he has been able to obtain, has no other object or view than the public good. I apprehend then, that all the inconveniences and public loffes, from a fcarcity of the firft neceffaries, which have been, at various periods, fuftained by this country, are to be attributed purely to the injudicious reftraints upon agriculture and commerce, both domeftic and foreign, arifing from that notable branch of legislative fuperftition, fashionably styled the police of corn; and from certain other errors, ftill more prominent, the particularization of which I muft beg leave to decline: for the evil, judging from

reafon and analogy, and the invariable experience, throughout all times, and in all countries, of the benumbing effect of reftraints on human commerce, there feems to be no remedy worthy of adoption, fhort of abfolute freedom. Nor can I difcover any legitimate reafon for thofe exceffive diftreffes of the labouring poor of this country, during a fcarcity, by which certain ranks above them, even profit, and for which there exifts an obvious, juft, and easy remedy.

"The advocates for an accumulation of legal restraints upon commerce,with their everlafting failures before their eyes, with the conftant experience that in every fucceeding period of time, mankind feel the abfolute neceflity of loofening themfelves from thefe impolitic and fruitlefs fhackles, will yet be eternally dabbling. They cannot, or will not diftinguish thofe dilemmas, in which the uncontrollable nature of things alone, from the infinite complexity of the cafe, can adminifter the proper remedy: they are not aware, that nature herself would operate all at which they aim, granting them even a premium for their forbearance, whereas their own gratuitous industry is ever at a discount, which falls cruelly heavy upon the rights, interefts, and convenience of their unfortunate clients, the people. They are misled by the analogy of uncommon and extreme cafes, which it is acknowledged may, and fometimes do require the temporary intervention of control; the perpetuation of which, would conftitute the very effence of abfurdity, in fact, would render the remedy a thousand degrees worfe than the disease.

"The traditional and ftatute laws against certain branches of industry, ftyled Foreftalling and Regrating, and all permanent laws against the exportation of the produce of a country, are of the above impolitic defcription. All commerce in corn, excepting that between the grower and consumer, was actually made a punishable offence by a ftatute of Edward VI. and these are the kind of laws, the repeal of which is now-a-days fo much regretted! It would be difficult for the most acute reftiaint-nonger to devife one better calculated for the promotion of famine in a country, than the aforesaid statute of Edward. It is vain to expect, that the grower of any article will, or

can