Inftructions against the Evacuation of Egypt by the French. 8vo. 59. Ridgway.

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▲ Collection of Facts and Obfervations relative to the Peace with Bonaparte, chiefly extracted from the Porcupine, and including Mr. Cobbett's Letters to Lord Haw kefbury. To which is added, an Appendix, containing the divers Convei, tions, Treaties, and Difpatches, com ected with the Subject: together with Extracts from the Speeches of Mr. 1'itt, Mr. Fox, and Lord Hawkesbury, refpecting Bonaparte and a Peace with France. By WILLIAM COBB ETT. 8vo. 6s. 6d. Cobbett and Morg. . Facts explanatory of the inftrumei, tal Caufe of the high Prices of Prov ifions, formerly communicated in a Letter to George Cherry, Efq. then one of the Commiffioners for Victualling the Navy; with Obfervations thereon. BуTHOMASBUTCHER, late Clerk of the dry Stores at his Majefty's Victualling Office, Deptford. 8vo. 1s. 6d. Scott. The Corn Trade investigated, and the Syftem of Fluctuations expofed; with a Propofition moft humbly offered for the Confideration of the Legif

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SERMONS AND THEOLOGY.

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VOYAGES AND TRAVELS.

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the first fix Years of the Republic. By G. A. OLIVIER, &c. Illuftrated by Engravings. 4to. 21. 128. 6d. (See p. 577.) Longman and Rees, Cadell and Davies.

A Voyage round the World, performed during the Years 1790, 1791, and 1792. By ETIENNE MARCHAND; preceded by an hiftorical Introduction, and illuftrated by Charts, &c. Tranflated from the French of C. P. CLARET FLEURIEU, of the National Inftitute of Arts and Sciences, and of the Board of Longitude in France. 2 vols. 4to. and Atlas. 31. 138. 6d. Longman and Rees, Cadell and Davies.

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or

Aces mith, reet.

A

PUBLICATIONS ANNOUNCET). Drawing-book, containing four flect Views from Nature; adapted for thofe who have made fome Progref, in the Art of Drawing. ByJ.JEAKE 6, Drawing mafter. The Subjects are Part of Rochester Caftle; St. Margaret's Church; View from Rochefter Caftle, looking up the Medway; View from Rochefter Bridge. ros. 6d.; coloured il. Is. Su'ofcribers' Names received by Clarke,, New Bond Street, and Jeakes, Little Ruffell Street, Bloomsbury.

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An Account of the Life and Writings of WILLIAM ROBERTSON, D.D. F. R.S. E. &c. By DUGALD STEWART. In 4to. and 8vo.

The Cambridge Univer fity Calendar,

by B. C. RAWORTH, A.B. Trinity Hall, will be published in January, with many very confiderable Additions and Improvements.

The Costume of Turkey, both Afiatic and European. 'Coloured. To be comprised in‹ight Nos. at il. 1S. each.

Memoirs, hiftorical and political, of the Reign of Louis XVI. from his Marriage to his Death: drawn from authentic Documents; communicated to the Author before the Revolution, by feveral Minifters and Counfellors, of State; and from the Papers

foun in t'

fai

S

d after the roth of Auguft 1792, ae Cabinets of Louis XVI. at Verles and the Thuilleries. By J. L. OULAVIE, the Elder, Editor of the Memoirs of the Marfhal Duke of Richelieu, and of the Duke of St. Simon. Illuftrated with 113 Portraits.

By Subfcription, a Selection of the choiceft of the various Sorts of Fruit now grown in England. By G. BROOKSHAW, Author of a "Treatife on Flower-painting," and Delineator of the Florift's chief Pleasure. Coloured, at il. Is. each No.

CONTENTS.

SECTION. I. From Dr. Robertfon's Birth till the Publication of his Hiftory of Scotland -II. Progrefs of Dr. Robertfon's Plans and Under

takings-Hiftory of the Reign of the Emperor Charles V.-III. Continuation of the fame Subject-Hiftory of America.--IV. Continuation of the fame Subject-Hiftorical Difquifition concerning India-General Remarks on Dr. Robertson's Merits as an Hiftorian.-V. Review of the more active Occupations of Dr. Robertfon's Life --Conclufion of the Narrative Sketch of his Character.-Appendix; containing Letters from Lord Hales, Mr. Hume, Dr. Birch, Mr. Gibbon,

&c. &c.

EXTRACTS.

DR. ROBERTSON'S EARLY LIFE. "WILLIAM Robertson, D.D. late principal of the univerfity of Edinburgh, and hiftoriographer to his Majefty for Scotland, was the fon of the Rev. William Robertfon, minister of the Old Gray Friar's Church, and of Eleanor Pitcairn, daughter of David VOL. V.-No. LIV.

Pitcairn, Efq. of Dreghorn. By his father he was defcended from the Robertfons of Gladney, in the county of Fife; a branch of the refpectable family generations, poffeffed the eftate of of the fame name, which has, for many Struan in Perthshire.

"He was born in 1721, at Borthwick (in the county of Mid-Lothian), where his father was then minifter; and received the first rudiments of his

education at the school of Dalkeith,

which, from the high reputation of Mr. Leflie as a teacher, was at that time reforted to from all parts of Scotland. In 1733, he again joined his Edinburgh; and, towards the end of father's family on their removal to the fame year, he entered on his course of academical study.

"From this period till the year 1759, when, by the publication of his Scottish History, he fixed a new era in the literary annals of his country, the habits and occurrences of his life were fuch as to fupply few materials for biofill up a long interval spent in the filent graphy; and the imagination is left to purfuit of letters, and enlivened by the fecret anticipation of future eminence. His genius was not of that forward and irregular growth, which forces itself prematurely on public notice; and it was only a few intimate and difcerning friends, who, in the native vigour of his powers, and in the patient culture by which he laboured to improve them, perceived the earnefts of a fame that was to laft for ever.

"The large proportion of Dr. Robertson's life which he thus devoted to obfcurity, will appear the more re4 M markable,

markable, when contrafted with his early and enthufiaftic love of ftudy. Some of his oldeft common-place books, still in his fon's poffeffion (dated in the years 1735, 1736, and 1737), bear marks of a perfevering affiduity, unexampled perhaps at fo tender an age; and the motto prefixed to all of them (Vita fine literis mors eft) attefts how foon thofe views and fentiments were formed, which, to his latest hour, continued to guide and to dignify his ambition. In times fuch as the prefent, when literary diftinction leads to other rewards, the labours of the ftudious are often prompted by motives very different from the hope of fame, or the infpiration of genius; but when Dr. Robertfon's career commenced, these were the only incitements which exifted to animate his exertions. The trade of authorship was unknown in Scotland; and the rank which that country had early acquired among the learned nations of Europe, had, for many years, been füftained entirely by a fmall number of eminent men, who diftinguished themselves by an honourable and difinterefted zeal in the ungainful walks of abstract science." P. 1.

PUBLICATION OF HIS HISTORY OF SCOTLAND.

"FROM this moment the complexion of his fortune was changed. After a long ftruggle, in an obfcure though a happy and hofpitable retreat, with a narrow income and an increafing family, his prospects brightened_at once. He faw independence and affluence within his reach; and flattered himfelf with the idea of giving a ftill bolder flight to his genius, when no longer depreffed by thofe tender anxieties which fo often fall to the lot of men, whofe pursuits and habits, while they heighten the endearments of domeftic life, withdraw them from the paths of interest and ambition.

"In venturing on a ftep, the fuccefs of which was to be fo decifive, not only with respect to his fame, but to bis future comfort, it is not furprifing that he should have felt, in a more than common degree, that anxiety and diffidence fo natural to an author in delivering to the world his firft performance. The time' (he obferves in his preface) which I have

employed in attempting to render it

worthy of the public approbation, it is perhaps prudent to conceal, till it fhall be known whether that approbation is ever to be bestowed.'

"Among the many congratulatory letters addreffed to him on this occafion, a few have been accidentally preferved; and, although the contents of fome of them may not now appear very important, they ftill derive a certain degree of intereft from the names and characters of the writers, and from the fympathetic fhare which a goodnatured reader cannot fail to take in Dr. Robertfon's feelings, when he perceived the firft dawning of his future fame." P. 13.

"A letter from Mr. Horace Walpole, to whom fome fpecimens of the work had been communicated during the author's vifit to London, is the earliest teftimony of this kind which I have found among his papers. It is dated January 18, 1759.

"I expect with impatience your book, which you are fo kind as to 'fay you ordered for me, and for ⚫ which I already give you many thanks: the fpecimen I faw convinces me that I do not thank you rafhly. Good 'hiftorians are the most scarce of all • writers; and no wonder! a good ftyle is not very common-thorough information is fill more rare: and if thefe meet, what a chance that impartiality fhould be added to them! Your ftyle, Sir, I may venture to say, I faw was uncommonly good; I have reafon to think your information fo: and in the few times I had the pleafure of converfing with you, your ⚫ good fenfe and candour made me con'clude, that even on a fubject which we are foolish enough to make party, 'you preferve your judgment unbiaffed. I fear I fhall not preferve mine fo; the too kind acknowledgments that I frequently receive from gentlemen of your country, of the juft praife that I paid to merit, will make me, at leaft for the future, not very unpre judiced. If the opinion of fo trifling a writer as I am was of any confequence, it would then be worth 'Scotland's while to let the world 'know, that when my book was written, I had no reason to be partial to it. But, Sir, your country will truft to the merit of its natives, not to foreign teftimonials, for its repu tation.'

"This letter was followed immediately by another from Dr. Robertfon's bookfeller, Mr. Millar. It is dated 27th January 1759, a few days before the publication of the book, and conveys very flattering expreflions of approbation from Dr. Warburton and Mr. Garrick, to both of whom copies had been privately sent at the author's request: expreffions, which, though they cannot now add much to a reputation fo folidly established, were gratifying at the time, and do honour to the candour and difcernment of the writers." P. 15.

"Of this work, fo flattering to the author by its firft fuccefs, no fewer than fourteen editions were published before his death; and he had the fatiffaction to fee its popularity increase to the laft, notwithstanding the repeated affaults it had to encounter from various writers, diftinguifhed by their controverfial acutenefs, and feconded by all the prepoffeffions which are likely to influence the opinions of the majority of readers. The character of Mary has been delineated anew, and the tale of her misfortunes has again been told, with no common powers of expreffion and pathos, by an historian more indulgent to her errors, and more undiftinguishing in his praise : but, after all, it is in the hiftory of Dr. Robertson that every one still reads the transactions of her reign; and fuch is his fkilful contraft of light and fhade, aided by the irrefiftible charm of his narration, that the story of the beautiful and unfortunate Queen, as related by him, excites on the whole a deeper intereft in her fortunes, and a more lively fympathy with her fate, than have been produced by all the attempts to canonize her memory, whether inspired by the fympathetic zeal of the Romish church, or the enthusiasm of Scottish chivalry.

"In perufing the letters, addreffed to Dr. Robertfon on the publication of this book, it is fomewhat remarkable that I have not found one in which he is charged with the slightest unfairness towards the Queen; and that, on the contrary, almost all his correfpondents accufe him of an undue prepoffeflion in her favour. I am afraid' (fays Mr. Hume) that you, as well as myself, have drawn Mary's character with too great softenings. She was un

doubtedly a violent woman at all 'times. You will fee in Murden proofs ' of the utmost rancour against her innocent, good-natured, dutiful fon. 'She certainly difinherited him. What 'think you of a confpiracy for kidnap'ping him, and delivering him a pri'foner to the King of Spain, never to recover his liberty till he should turn Catholic?—Tell Goodall, that if ' he can but give me up Queen Mary, I hope to fatisfy him in every thing elfe; and he will have the pleasure of feeing John Knox and the reformers made very ridiculous.'

"It is plain' (fays Mr. Walpole) 'that you wish to excuse Mary; and yet it is fo plain that you never violate truth in her favour, that I own I think still worfe of her than I did, 'fince I read your history.'

"Dr. Birch expreffes himself much to the fame purpose. If the second volume of the State Papers of Lord Burleigh, published fince Christmas here, had appeared before your hif 'tory had been finished, it would have 'furnished you with reasons for entertaining a lefs favourable opinion of Mary Queen of Scots in one or two' 'points, than you feem at prefent pof'feffed of.'

"Dr. John Blair, too, in a letter dated from London, obferves to Dr. Robertfon, that the only general ob'jection to his work was founded on his tenderness for Queen Mary.'

Lord Chesterfield' (says he) though 'he approves much of your hiftory, 'told me, that he finds this to be a bias which no Scotchman can get the better of"." P. 24.

PUBLICATION OF THE HISTORY OF CHARLES V.LETTER FROM MR. HUME.

"THE delays which retarded the publication of the Hiftory of Charles V. together with the author's eftablished popularity as a writer, had raised the curiofity of the public to a high pitch before that work appeared; and perhaps there newer was a book, unconnected with the circumstances of the times, that was expected with more general impatience. It is unneceffary for me to fay, that thefe expectations were not difappointed; nor would it be worth while to fwell this memoir AM &

with