On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection

Blyth, Mr., on distinctness of Indian
cattle, 28.

on striped Hemionus, 154.
on crossed geese, 225.
Boar, shoulder-pad of, 86.

Borrow, Mr., on the Spanish pointer, 41.
Bory St. Vincent on Batrachians, 338.
Bosquet, M., on fossil Chthamalus, 267.
Boulders, erratic, on the Azores, 313.
Branchiæ, 176.

Brent, Mr., on house-tumblers, 195.
Brewer, Dr., on American cuckoo, 197.
Britain, mammals of, 338.

Bronn, Prof., on duration of specific
forms, 256.

various objections by, 122.

Brown, Robert, on classification, 354.

Séquard on inherited epilepsy, 132.
Buckman on variation in plants, 22.
Buzareingues on sterility of varieties,
238.

CABBAGE, varieties of, crossed, 94.
Calceolaria, 224.

Canary-birds, sterility of hybrids, 225.
Cape de Verde islands, 341.

Cape of Good Hope, plants of, 124, 322.
Cassini on flowers of compositæ, 140.
Catasetum, 361.

Cats, with blue eyes, deaf, 22.

variation in habits of, 88.

curling tail when going to spring, 184.
Cattle destroying fir-trees, 72.

destroyed by flies in Paraguay, 72.
breeds, of, locally extinct, 103.
-fertility of Indian and European
breeds, 226.

Cave, inhabitants of, blind, 134.
Celts, proving antiquity of man, 28.
Centres of creation, 303.

Cephalopode, development of, 375.
Cervulus, 225.

Cetacea, teeth and hair, 140.
Ceylon, plants of, 322.
Chalk formation, 280.

Characters, divergence of, 104.

- sexual, variable, 144.

- adaptive or analogical, 363.

Charlock, 76.

Checks to increase, 68.

mutual, 71.

on naturalisation, 107.

on winged seeds, 141.
on Alpine species

becoming rare, 162.

suddenly

on distribution of plants with
large seeds, 311.

on vegetation of Australia, 325.
on fresh-water plants, 331.
on insular plants. 333.

Degradation of coast-rocks, 248.
Denudation, rate of, 249.

of oldest rocks, 269.

of granitic areas, 255.

Development of ancient forms, 291.
Devonian system, 289.

Dianthus, fertility of crosses, 228.
Dirt on feet of birds, 313.

Dispersal, means of, 308.

during glacial period, 315.
Distribution, geographical, 300.
means of, 309.

Disuse, effects of, under nature, 131.
Divergence of character, 104.

Division, physiological, of labour, 107.

Fish, teleostean, sudden appearance of,
267.

eating seeds, 312, 332.

fresh-water, distribution of, 329.
Fishes, ganoid, now confined to fresh
water, 101.

electric organs of, 177.

ganoid, living in fresh water, 279.
of southern hemisphere, 323.
Flight, powers of, how acquired, 168.
Flint-tools, proving antiquity of man, 28.
Florida, pigs of, 83.

Flowers, structure of, in relation to
crossing, 92.

of composite and umbelliferæ, 140.
Forbes, Mr. D., on glacial action in the
Andes, 321.

E., on colours of shells, 130.

on abrupt range of shelis in depth,

163.

the surface of the globe at long intervals by a distinct act
of creative power; and it is well to recollect that such
an assumption is as unsupported by tradition or revelation
as it is opposed to the general analogy of nature. If, on
the other hand, we view 'Persistent Types' in relation
to that hypothesis which supposes the species living at
any time to be the result of the gradual modification of
pre-existing species-a hypothesis which, though unproven,
and sadly damaged by some of its supporters, is yet the
only one to which physiology lends any countenance;
their existence would seem to show that the amount of
modification which living beings have undergone during
geological time is but very small in relation to the whole
series of changes which they have suffered."

In December, 1859, Dr. Hooker published his 'In-
troduction to the Australian Flora.' In the first part of
this great work he admits the truth of the descent and
modification of species, and supports this doctrine by
many original observations.

The first edition of this work was published on November
24th, 1859, and the second edition on January 7th, 1860.

INDEX

Audubon on habits of frigate-bird, 171.
on variation in birds' nests, 192

on heron eating seeds, 332.

Australia, animals of, 108.
dogs of, 196.

extinct animals of, 294.
European plants in, 322.
Azara on flies destroying cattle, 72.
Azores, flora of, 313.

BABINGTON, Mr., on British plants, 53.
Baer, Von, standard of Highness, 117.
comparison of bee and fish, 292.
embryonic similarity of the verte-
brata, 372.

Balancement of growth, 141.
Barberry, flowers of, 93.

Barrande, M., on Silurian colonies, 273.
on the succession of species, 282.
on parallelism of paleozoic forma-
tions, 285.
Barrande on affinities of ancient species
286.

Barriers, importance of, 301.
Batrachians on islands, 336.

Bats, how structure acquired, 167.
distribution of, 338.

Bear, catching water-insects, 169.
Bee, sting of, 185.

queen, killing rivals, 185.

Bees fertilising flowers, 73.

hive, not sucking the red clover,
91.

hive, cell-making instinct, 202.
Ovariation in habits, 193.
humble, cells of, 203.
parasitic, 198.

Beetles, wingless, in Madeira, 132.
with deficient tarsi, 132.

Bentham, Mr., on British plants, 53.
on classification, 357.

Berkeley, Mr., on seeds in salt-water, 309.
Bermuda, birds of, 335.

Birds acquiring fear, 193.

annually cross the Atlantic, 314.
colour of, on continents, 130.

footsteps and remains of, in secondary

rocks, 266.

fossil, in caves of Brazil, 294.

of Madeira, Bermuda, and Gala-

pagos, 335.

song of males, 86.

transporting seeds, 311.

waders, 331.

- wingless, 131, 168.

with

381.

traces of embryonic teeth

Blyth, Mr., on distinctness of Indian
cattle, 28.

on striped Hemionus, 154.
on crossed geese, 225.
Boar, shoulder-pad of, 86.

Borrow, Mr., on the Spanish pointer, 41.
Bory St. Vincent on Batrachians, 336.
Bosquet, M., on fossil Chthamalus, 267.
Boulders, erratic, on the Azores, 313.
Branchiæ, 176.

Brent, Mr., on house-tumblers, 195.
Brewer, Dr., on American cuckoo, 197.
Britain, mammals of, 338.

Bronn, Prof., on duration of specific
forms, 256.

various objections by, 122.

Brown, Robert, on classification, 354.

Séquard on inherited epilepsy, 132.
Buckman on variation in plants, 22.
Buzareingues on sterility of varieties,
238.

CABBAGE, varieties of, crossed, 94.
Calceolaria, 224.

Canary-birds, sterility of hybrids, 225.
Cape de Verde islands, 341.

Cape of Good Hope, plants of, 124, 322.
Cassini on flowers of compositæ, 140.
Catasetum, 361.

Cats, with blue eyes, deaf, 22.

variation in habits of, 88.

curling tail when going to spring, 184.
Cattle destroying fir-trees, 72.

destroyed by flies in Paraguay, 72.
breeds, of, locally extinct, 103.

fertility of Indian and European
breeds, 226.

Cave, inhabitants of, blind, 134.
Celts, proving antiquity of man, 28.
Centres of creation, 303.

Cephalopode, development of, 375.
Cervulus, 225.

Cetacea, teeth and hair, 140.
Ceylon, plants of, 322.

Chalk formation, 280.

Characters, divergence of, 104.
sexual, variable, 144.

adaptive or analogical, 363.

Charlock, 76.

Checks to increase, 68.

mutual, 71.

Chickens, instinctive tameness of, 196.
Chthamalinæ, 251.

Chthamalus, cretacean species of, 287.

Circumstances favourable to selection of

domestic products, 45.

to natural selection, 96.

Cirripedes capable of crossing, 95.
carapace aborted, 142.

their ovigerous frena, 177.

fossil, 263.

larvæ of, 373.

Classification, 351.

Clift, Mr., on the succession of types, 294.

Climate, effects of, in checking increase

of beings, 69.

adaptation of, to organisms, 136.
Cobites, intestine of, 175.
Cockroach, 76.

Collections, paleontological, poor, 250.
Colour, influenced by climate, 130.
-in relation to attacks by flies, 181.

large seeds, 311.

on vegetation of Australia, 325.
on fresh-water plants, 331.
on insular plants. 333.

Degradation of coast-rocks, 248.
Denudation, rate of, 249.

of oldest rocks, 269.
of granitic areas, 255.

Development of ancient forms, 291.
Devonian system, 289.

Dianthus, fertility of crosses, 228.
Dirt on feet of birds, 313.

Dispersal, means of, 308.

during glacial period, 315.
Distribution, geographical, 300.
means of, 309.

Disuse, effects of, under nature, 131.
Divergence of character, 104.

Division, physiological, of labour, 107.

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