The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic TheologyTim Winter This series of critical reflections on the evolution and major themes of pre-modern Muslim theology begins with the revelation of the Koran, and extends to the beginnings of modernity in the eighteenth century. The significance of Islamic theology reflects the immense importance of Islam in the history of monotheism, to which it has brought a unique approach and style, and a range of solutions which are of abiding interest. Devoting especial attention to questions of rationality, scriptural fidelity, and the construction of 'orthodoxy', this volume introduces key Muslim theories of revelation, creation, ethics, scriptural interpretation, law, mysticism, and eschatology. Throughout the treatment is firmly set in the historical, social and political context in which Islam's distinctive understanding of God evolved. Despite its importance, Islamic theology has been neglected in recent scholarship, and this book provides a unique, scholarly but accessible introduction. |
Contents
19 | |
22 | |
29 | |
31 | |
33 | |
the succession to muh_ammad | 35 |
the kh arijites | 37 |
the sh ıa | 40 |
overall trends | 115 |
The Method of | 117 |
essence and attributes | 121 |
the mutazilites and the disputes over | 122 |
the asharite position | 128 |
falsafa views on the essenceattribute | 131 |
or another The atmosphere is one of ideological indoctrination | 138 |
7 Creation | 141 |
zubayrids and protosunn ıs | 42 |
Thus by the midtenth century the Muslim world had begun | 54 |
3 Islamic philosophy falsafa | 55 |
terminology | 57 |
the idea of validity | 61 |
a philosophy of language | 63 |
holistic systems | 65 |
twelfth to | 66 |
the revivalist reaction | 67 |
the fundamentalist reaction | 69 |
the metaphysical school of is_fah an | 72 |
4 The developed kal am tradition | 77 |
theology and rationality | 81 |
the role of ibn taymiyya | 82 |
the late period | 85 |
5 The social construction of orthodoxy | 97 |
the transmission of knowledge | 98 |
places of learning | 101 |
the ulam a and discourses of orthodoxy | 105 |
theology in society | 110 |
the government and orthodoxy | 112 |
schools of kal am | 144 |
the fal asifa on origination | 148 |
ghaz al ı and r az ı | 150 |
8 Ethics | 161 |
9 Revelation | 180 |
Prophethood Biblical and | 196 |
10 The existence of God | 197 |
common teleological arguments | 201 |
necessary existent58 In other words the argument presupposes these | 214 |
Notes | 215 |
11 Worship | 218 |
the moral imperative | 220 |
the ontological imperative | 229 |
magnificent If Muhammad has a magnificent character if he is | 235 |
12 Theological dimensions of Islamic law | 237 |
the nature of islamic law | 238 |
religious and secular law in perspective | 239 |
13 Theology and Sufism | 258 |
mutazilite sufism | 260 |
the rescue of integrality | 268 |
Ritter Helmut The Ocean of the Soul tr I OKane | 284 |
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Common terms and phrases
Abbasid actions affirmed al-D al-D ın al-Din al-Ghazali argued arguments arguments from design Ash‘ar ı Ash‘arite attributes atur ıd ı Averroes Avicenna’s Baghdad Beirut believers caliph century concept created creation creator divine discourse doctrine early essence existence expression faith falsafa Ghaz al ı H_anbalite h_aqq hadith human Ibid Ibn Arab ı Ibn Taymiyya Imam interpretation Islamic ethics Islamic law Islamic philosophy Islamic theology judgement jurists Kh arijites knowledge later legal theory Leiden literal logic Lord madrasa meaning metaphysics Mu‘tazila Mu‘tazilite Muh_ammad Muslim mystical names nature one’s ontological original orthodoxy particular philosophical political position proof Prophet question Qur’an rational rationalist reality reason religion religious revelation scholars sciences scripture sense servant servanthood Sh afi Sh ı‘ite spiritual Sufi Sufism Sunn ı tawh_ ıd teaching texts theologians things thinkers thought tradition traditionists truth Twelver Umayyad unity verses worship