Greening Growth in Pakistan through Transport Sector Reforms: A Strategic Environmental, Poverty, and Social AssessmentThis book identifies reforms that can help manage environmental priority problems associated with transport s impacts on air quality, noise pollution, road safety, hazardous-materials transport, climate change, and urban sprawl. The policy options are contextualized in light of the Government of Pakistan s 2011 Framework for Economic Growth and its strategic objectives. Appendixes A D present additional background information, describe the economic and institutional analyses undergirding this report, and detail the report s methodology. This analytical work by a team of World Bank specialists focuses on: analyzing the policy and institutional adjustments required to address environmental, social, and poverty aspects of increased transportation efficiency in Pakistan; identifying policy options for the Government of Pakistan to better serve the population, to enhance social cohesion, and to foster equitable benefit sharing with low-income or other vulnerable groups; developing a broad participatory process to give a voice to stakeholders who could be affected by enhancements of freight transport productivity; and making robust recommendations to strengthen governance and the institutional capacity of agencies to manage the environmental, social, and poverty consequences of freight transportation infrastructure. |
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agencies agglomeration air pollution air quality analysis Balochistan capacity CGE model climate change competitiveness costs country’s economic growth effects emissions environment environmental and social environmental management exports factor freight transport infrastructure freight transport reforms freight transport sector groups Gwadar Port HIV/AIDS implementation improve income increase industrial institutional investment Islamabad issues Karachi Port Khan kilometers labor Lahore logistics LUMS markets migration million Ministry MoCC monitoring multimodal National Trade Corridor noise Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Environmental Protection Pakistan International Airlines Pakistan Railways percent Peshawar planning population potential poverty priority private-sector productivity Program projects province PSIA Punjab rail reduce regulatory framework responsible road density rural SEPSA Sindh Social Impact Assessment spatial transformation stakeholders strategic environmental strategic environmental assessment trade and transport traffic transport in Pakistan transport sector reforms trucking sector urban areas urban poor urban sprawl World Bank