Memetics: Memes and the Science of Cultural EvolutionMemetics is the name commonly given to the study of memes - a term originally coined by Richard Dawkins to describe small inherited elements of human culture. Memes are the cultural equivalent of DNA genes - and memetics is the cultural equivalent of genetics. Memes have become ubiquitous in the modern world - but there has been relatively little proper scientific study of how they arise, spread and change - apparently due to turf wars within the social sciences and misguided resistance to Darwinian explanations being applied to human behaviour. However, with the modern explosion of internet memes, I think this is bound to change. With memes penetrating into every mass media channel, and with major companies riding on their coat tails for marketing purposes, social scientists will surely not be able to keep the subject at arm's length for much longer. This will be good - because an understanding of memes is important. Memes are important for marketing and advertising. They are important for defending against marketing and advertising. They are important for understanding and managing your own mind. They are important for understanding science, politics, religion, causes, propaganda and popular culture. Memetics is important for understanding the origin and evolution of modern humans. It provides insight into the rise of farming, science, industry, technology and machines. It is important for understanding the future of technological change and human evolution. This book covers the basic concepts of memetics, giving an overview of its history, development, applications and the controversy that has been associated with it. |
Contents
Introduction A brief guide to this book | 5 |
Basics Cultural evolution in a nutshell | 9 |
Evidence Support for cultural evolution | 18 |
Defining evolution What evolution means | 24 |
Similarities Between organic and cultural | 29 |
Differences Between cultural and organic | 34 |
Memes Terminology for cultural evolution | 39 |
Coevolution Cultureorganic interactions | 49 |
Marketing Money for memes | 190 |
Applications What memetics is for | 199 |
Origins The origin of culture | 202 |
Immunity Resistance to infection | 213 |
Major transitions Seismic memetic shifts | 218 |
Classification Category distinctions | 227 |
Mental selection The Darwinian mind | 233 |
Memetic algorithms Optimising with memes | 237 |
Symbiosis Symbiotic relationships | 54 |
Parasitism Memetic epidemiology | 61 |
Mutualism Mutuallybeneficial relationships | 79 |
Defining memes What meme means | 93 |
Replicators Replicator terminology problems | 104 |
Scientific perspective Views from academia | 110 |
Criticism Skeptics and naysayers | 129 |
Controversies Outstanding issues 170 17 Textbooks What the evolution textbooks say | 185 |
History Of the study of cultural evolution | 240 |
Generalised Darwinism Basic principles | 250 |
Evolution revolution The changes needed | 258 |
Memetic takeover Memes triumphant | 261 |
Glossary | 271 |
278 | |
324 | |