The Making of Europe: An Introduction to the History of European Unity

activity already ancient Arabic army authority barbarian barbarism became become beginning bishops Byzantine Carolingian cause Celtic centre century Christian Church civilisation classical common complete conquered culture Divine early East Eastern ecclesiastical elements Emperor Empire Europe European existence fact faith followed forces foundation fourth Frankish Germanic greatest Greek hand Hellenic Hellenistic higher idea ideal imperial importance influence invasions Islam Italy King kingdom land later Latin leaders less literature lived longer mediaeval Middle military mind monastic monks movement native nature Nevertheless North organisation oriental origin owing pagan Papacy peasant period Persian philosophy political Pope possessed preserved principle provinces regarded relations religion religious remained representative Roman Roman Empire Rome rule secular sixth century social society spiritual thought throughout tion tradition tribal true unity universal victory West Western whole writes