nutely, and he seems to be of opinion that the stratum of reputed toadstone is in fact "a limestone strongly impregnated with pyrites, which are in a decomposing state. The green earthy matter," he adds, "I suspect to be chlorite." Mr. Mawe's opinions and suspicions are as little satisfactory as St. Fond's. The substance which they admit to be toadstone, and that which is disputed by them, are not distinguishable from each other by any difference that can be perceived and understood by common observers; but geologists and mineralogists are sometimes inclined to make appearances bend to their peculiar theories. A little distance from the castle, at the upper end of the deep ravine called Cave Dale, the toadstone appears in a regular basaltic column. SECTION IV. Mid-day View of Castleton Vale.---Ebbing and Flowing Well.---Approach to Chapel-en-le-Frith.---Chinley.---The Apostle of the Peak.---Kinderscout.---Evening at Glossop.---Catholic Chapel at Glossop Hall.--Glossop Church.---Rush-Bearing.---Monument to the Memory of Joseph Hague, Esq.---Brief Memoir of him. My last visit to Castleton was in the summer of 1820. I was then on my way to Glossop, a part of Derbyshire which I had not originally intended to include in my excursions, but I gladly extended my journey to that remote part of the county, where I expected to find much less of picturesque beauty than wildness and sterility: I was, however, pleasantly disappointed, and I felt myself indebted to my companion for the opportunity afforded me of visiting so interesting a portion of the PEAK. We left Castleton soon after mid-day, when the sun was high in the heavens, and took the road that had been lately made along the base of Tray Cliff, and the side of Mam Tor, for the purpose of avoiding the steep path through the Winnats. As we ascended the hills, we had a magnificent view of the fine valley below; but the landscape wanted shadow. The sky was cloudless, and the whole horizon was filled with a blaze of light, that rendered every object, even in distance, clearly discernible; yet the scene altogether was less lovely The Apostle of the Peak. 33 than when beheld at the close of the day, when every inequality is marked by the shadows of a declining sun, and the forms of objects are either thrown in lengthened lines or lie in masses along the ground. From this place to Chapel-en-le-Frith, a distance of about five miles, the road has but little interest: even the ebbing and flowing well at Bar Moor Clough may be passed without notice, unless a fellow-traveller, previously acquainted with the existence of this singular phenomenon, points it out to observation. This Derbyshire wonder lies in a field by the road-side, about four miles from Castleton, surrounded with mud and weeds, and made filthy with cattle. During our short stay near it we neither saw it ebb nor flow. A little beyond this place the road emerges from among the dales, and the country about Chapel-en-le-Frith gradually presents itself. On our approach to the town a very pleasing scene lay before us the houses were almost lost amidst surrounding trees, over which the tower of the church rose with considerable grace and majesty; beyond, Eccles Pike reared high its peaked head, and the beautiful woods and grounds around Bank Hall, the residence of Samuel Frith, Esq. lay on our left. There was something formal and insipid in the foreground, but the whole of the composition beyond was well arranged, and the parts were excellent. About a mile and a half from Chapel we passed through Chinley, where the Calvinistic dissenters have a meeting-house, which originally belonged to the Rev. William Bagshaw, an eminent nonconformist divine, who was called the " APOSTLE OF THE PEAK." He was the author of a work which he published under the title of " De Spiritualibus Pecei,"---and of several devotional tracts, that were read with avidity throughout the whole of the Peak of Derbyshire, where the character of this truly-religious minister was well known. In 1662 he was ejected from the vicarage of Glossop, which he had possessed for many years. He had afterwards a congregation at Chinley: from thence he removed to Great-Hucklow, where he died at an advanced age, in the fortieth year after his ejectment from the vicarage. We found but little to interest us on our way from Chapel to Glossop, excepting that we had occasionally a hasty glance at the top of KINDERSCOUT, which we left at a short distance on our right, between Hayfield and Glossop. This is the highest mountain in the Peak of Derbyshire, and from its summit an amazing prospect is descried ; but its sides are so loose and boggy, and so frequently intersected with runlets of water, that but few people attempt to climb to the top of it. In winter the summit of this eminence is often covered with snow: the following poetic distich has therefore become familiar to every individual who resides in the vicinity of this huge hill-- "If there be snow without, It was evening when we approached the village of Glossop; the sun was sinking below the horizon, which in the west was suffused with a glow of light, that spread a warm aerial tint over all the landscape, and revived the recollection of some of the best sun-set pictures of Claude Lorraine: the yellow transparent haze that hung upon the scene, softened the outline and colouring of objects, that under a clearer atmosphere might have been obtrusive to the eye, and the whole was harmonized into beauty. Situation of Glossop. ""Twas Summer tide; the eve was sweet As mortal eye has e'er beholden; The grass looked warm with sunny heat: Perhaps some fairies' glowing feet Had lightly touched, and left it golden." 35 I have somewhere met with an account of Glossop being situated in one of the deepest and wildest dales of Derbyshire; but I found the representation extremely incorrect: the open vale wherein it lies is nearly environed with high moorland wastes, some of which are covered with their native heath, and others newly planted, but all between is a well-cultivated district. A series of groups of houses, scattered about an ample valley, constitute the village of Glossop. In the principal of these groups is the church, a humble edifice, but yet a pleasing feature in the scene. I love to see the tower or spire of a village church rising from the midst of trees and cottages scattered irregularly around it. Such a picture is delightful to the eye, and the mind insensibly associates the idea of orderly conduct and moral feeling, with the appearance of these hallowed tabernacles of religious worship. However humble the village church may be, it gives importance and respectability to the habitations that surround it. Glossop is an extensive manor, including a circumference of nearly thirty miles all within this ample circle is the entire property of the present Duke of Norfolk, with a few trifling exceptions only; and in eight of the ten hamlets that constitute this large parish, not an acre of freehold ground belonging to any other individual intervenes. In the immediate vicinity of the village great improvements have recently been made: a little rivulet called the Shelf, that takes its rise |