The Origins of Feedback Control

18th century actual adjustable Al-Jazari angle of attack apparatus Arabic Archimedes arrangement automatic Banū Mūsā block diagram boiler Bonnemain's Boulton & Watt Breguet centrifugal governor centrifugal pendulum chronometer closed loop constant controlled variable copper Cornelis Drebbel damper described desired Drachmann drawing Drebbel's employed equilibrium fan-tail feedback devices feedback loop Figure float regulator float valve Float Valve Regulators flow rate fourneau Hauser heat Heron Heron's Pneumatica Ibid incubator invention inventors James Watt known Ktesibios Kuffler level regulator lever lift-tenter machines manuscript Mead's mill mill-hopper millstones millwrights minute-hand arm Monconys motion Paris Philon Philon's oil lamp pipe piston plug Polzunov pressure regulator principle Pseudo-Archimedes Réaumur régulateur Rex Wailes rise rotating sail area speed regulator steam engine syphon tank temperature feeler temperature regulator thermoscope thermostatic furnace tion torque translation tube vessel Vitruvius watch water clocks water level Watt's weight wheel Wiedemann wind windmill sails