The Cranial Nerves: Anatomy, Pathology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment

acoustic neuromas afferent anastomosis anatomical aneurysm approach Arch atrophy axons bilateral brain stem branches caudal cells cerebellopontine angle chiasm clinical cochlear compression cranial nerve decompression defects diagnosis disease dissection distal disturbances dorsal dura examination facial nerve fascicle group fibers foramen fossa function ganglion glioma hearing hemifacial spasm impairment innervation internal auditory canal intracranial Jannetta laryngeal lateral lesion loop meatus medial meningioma microsurgical motor muscle myelin nerve fibres nerve grafts neurinoma Neurol Neurosurg normal nucleus nystagmus ocular oculomotor olfaction operation optic canal optic nerve orbital Otolaryngol pain paralysis paresis patients percent peripheral pituitary adenomas portio major portion porus posterior postoperative preoperative preservation recurrent reflex region removal resection root Samii sellae sensory sheath side sinus sphenoid spinal stump sural nerve sural nerve grafts surgery surgical symptoms syndrome Table taste technique tinnitus tissue treatment trigeminal nerve trigeminal neuralgia tumor unilateral vascular vessels vestibular visual acuity visual field