VI. That, until the firft enumeration, all be made, as directed in the fourth fection of the firft article of the constitution, established by this convention, the city of Philadelphia and the several counties fhall be refpectively entitled to elect the fame number of reprefenta tives as is now prescribed by law. " VII. That the first fenate fhall confift of eighteen members, to be chofen in diftricts, formed as follows, to wit: The city of Phila delphia and the counties of Philadelphia and Delaware fhall be a diftrict, and elect three fenators: the county of Chester fhall be a diftrict, and fhall elect one fenator: the county of Bucks fhall be a dif rict, and shall elect one fenator: the county of Montgomery shall be a district, and fhall elect one fenator: the county of Northamp ton fhall be a diftrict, and fall elect one fenator: the counties of Lancafter and York fhall be a district, and shall elect three fenators: the counties of Berks and Dauphin fhall be a district, and shall elect two fenators: the counties of Cumberland and Mifflin fhall be a district, and shall elect one fenator: the counties of Northumber land, Luzerne and Huntingdon, fhall be a diftrict, and fhall elect one fenator; the counties of Bedford and Franklin fhall be a district, and fhall elect one fenator; the counties of Westmoreland and Allegany fhall be a district, and fhall elect one fenator: and the counties of Washington and Fayette fhall be a diftrict, and fhall elect two fenators; which fenators fhall ferve until the first enumeration before mentioned fhall be made, and the reprefentation in both houfes of the legiflature fhall be established by law, and chofen as in the conftitution is directed. Any vacancies which fhall happen in the fenate, within the faid time, fhall be fupplied as prescribed in the nineteenth fection of the first article. VIII. That the election of fenators fhall be conducted, and the returns thereof made to the fenate, in the fame manner as is pre fcribed by the election laws of the State for conducting and making return of the election of reprefentatives. In thofe districts, which confift of more than one county, the judges of the district elections within each county, after having formed a return of the whole election within that county, in fuch manner as is directed by law, fhall fend the fame, by one or more of their number, to the place herein after mentioned within the diftrict of which fuch county is a part, where the judges fo met fhall compare and caft up the feveral county re turns, and execute, under their hands and feals, one general and true cturn for the whole district; that is to fay, the judges of the dif → trict trict compofed of the city of Philadelphia, and the counties of Philadelphia and Delaware, fhall meet in the State-house in the city of Philadelphia; the judges of the district compofed of the counties of Lancaster and York fhall meet at the court-houfe in the county of Lancafter; the judges of the district compofed of the counties of 'Berks and Dauphin fhall meet at Middletown in the county of Berks, 'the judges of the district compofed of the counties of Cumberland and Mifflin fhall meet in Greenwood township, county of Cumberland, at the house now occupied by 'David Miller; the judges of the district compofed of the counties of Northumberland, Luzerne, and Huntingdon, fhall meet in the town of Sunbury; the judges of the district compofed of the counties of Bedford and Franklin fhall meet at the houfe now occupied by John Dickey, in Air township, Bedford county; the judges of the district composed of the counties of Westmoreland and Allegany fhall meet in Westmoreland county, at the court-house in the town of Greensborough; and the judges of the district compofed of the counties of Wafhington and Fayette fhall meet at the court-house in the town of Washington, in Washington county, on the third Tuesday in October refpectively for the purposes aforefaid. IX. That the election of the governor fhall be conducted, in the feveral counties, in the manner prescribed by the laws of the State for the election of representatives; and the returns in each county fhall be fealed by the judges of the elections, and tranfmitted to the prefident of the fupreme executive council, directed to the fpeaker of the fenate, as foon after the election as may be. Done in Convention the second day of September, in the THOMAS MIFFLIN, PRESIDENT. JOSEPH REDMAN, Secretary. Among other ufeful laws of this State, of a public nature, are, ⚫ne that declares all rivers and creeks to be highways; a law for the emancipation of negroes, already mentioned; a bankrupt law; nearly on the model of the bankrupt laws of England; and in this year, 1794, the legislature of Pennfylvania, with a view to foften the rigour of penal law, have paffed an act, declaring that no crime, except murder of the first degree, fhall be punished with death.→ Murder of the firft degree is defined to be, a killing by means of poifon, by lying in wait, or with other kind of wilful, deliberate, premeditated intention, or which fhall be committed in the preparation or attempt to perpetrate any arfon, rape, robbery, or bur glary. All other kinds of killing fhall be deemed murder in the second degree. The kind of murder to be ascertained by a jury. Perfons liable to be profecuted for petit treason fhall be proceeded against and punified as in other cafes of murder. High treafon is punished with confinement in prison and the penitentiary house, not lefs than fix, nor more than twelve years. Rape not less than ten, nor more than twenty-one years. Murder of the second degree not lefs than five, nor more than eighteen years. Forgery not less than four, nor more than fifteen years, with payment of a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars. Manslaughter not lefs than two, nor more than ten years, and giving fecurity for good behaviour during life. Maiming not less than two, nor more than ten years, with a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars. Perfons being charged with involuntary manflaughter, the attorney-general, with leave of the court, may wave the felony, and proceed against them as for a misdemeanor, and give in evidence any act of manslaughter; or the attorney may charge both offences in the fame indictment, and the jury may acquit the perfon of one or both. The benefit of the clergy is for ever abolished. STATE STATE OF DELAWARE. SITUATION, EXTENT, &c. THIS State is fituated between 38° 30′, and 40° north latitude, and o° and 1° 45' weft longitude. It is ninety-two miles long, and twenty-four miles broad. It is bounded on the east, by the river and bay of the fame name, and the Atlantic ocean; on the fouth, by a line from Fenwick's-ifland, in latitude 38° 29′ 30′′, drawn west till it interfects what is commonly called the tangent line, dividing it from the State of Maryland; on the weft, by the faid tangent line, paffing northward up the peninfula, till it touches the western part of the territorial circle; and thence on the north, by the faid circle, defcribed with a radius of twelve miles about the town of Newcastle. This State appears to have derived its name from Lord Delawar, who completed the fettlement of Virginia. FACE OF THE COUNTRY, SOIL AND PRODUCTIONS. The State of Delaware, the upper parts of the county of Newcastle excepted, is, to fpeak generally, extremely low and level. Large quantities of stagnant water, at particular seasons of the year, overspreading a great proportion of the land, render it equally unfit for the purposes of agriculture, and injurious to the health of the inhabitants. The fpine, or highest ridge of the peninfula, runs through the State of Delaware, inclined to the eastern or Delaware fide. It is defignated in Suffex, Kent, and part of Newcastle county, by a remarkable chain of swamps, from which the waters descend on each fide, paffing on the east to the Delaware, and on the weft to the Chefapeak. Many of the shrubs and plants growing in these swamps are fimilar to thofe found on the highest mountains. Delaware is chiefly an agricultural State. It includes a very fertile tract of country; and scarcely any part of the Union can be felected more adapted to the different purposes of agriculture, or in which a greater greater variety of the most useful productions can be so conveniently and plentifully reared. The foil along the Delaware river, and from eight to ten miles into the interior country, is generally a rich clay, producing large timber, and well adapted to the various purpoles of agriculture. From thence to the fwamps above mentioned the foil is light, fandy, and of an inferior quality. The general aspect of the country is very favourable for cultiva tion. Excepting fome of the upper parts of the county of Newcastle, the surface of the State is very little broken or irregular. The heights of Chriftiana are lofty and commanding; some of the hills of Brandywine are rough and ftony; but defcending from thefe, and a few others, the lower country is fo little diverfified as almost to form one extended plain. In the county of Newcastle, the foil confists of a ftrong clay; in Kent, there is a confiderable mixture of fand; and in Suffex, the quantity of fand altogether predominates. Wheat is the ftaple of this State: it grows here in fuch perfection as not only to be particularly fought by the manufacturers of flour through, out the Union, but alfo to be diftinguished and preferred, for its fu perior qualities, in foreign markets. This wheat poffeffes an uncom mon foftness and whitenefs, very favourable to the manufacture of fuperfine flour, and in other refpects far exceeds the hard and flinty grains raifed in general on the high lands. Befides wheat, this State generally produces plentiful crops of Indian corn, barley, rye, oats, flax, buck-wheat, and potatoes. It likewife abounds in natural and ar tificial meadows, containing a large variety of graffes. Hemp, cotton, and filk, if properly attended to, doubtless, would flourish very well. The eastern fide of the State is indented with a large number of creeks, or final rivers, which generally have a fhort course, numerous fhoals and foft banks, fkirted with very extensive marshes, and empty into the river and bay of Delaware. In the fouthern and western parts of this State fpring the head waters of Pocomoke, Wicomico, Nanticoke, Choptank, Chefter, Saffafras, and Bohemia rivers, all falling into Chefapeak bay, and fome of them navi gable twenty or thirty miles into the country, for veffels of fifty or fixty tons. The county of Suffex, befides producing a confiderable quantity of grain, particularly of Indian corn, poffeffes excellent grazing lands. This county alfo exports very large quantities of lumber, ob tained chiefly from an extenfive fwamp, called the Indian River of |