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INDEX.

A bare, tribe of Músgu, numbers of them captured A'hmed bel Mejúb, Arab traveler, notice of, ii. 35.
for slaves, ii. 405.
Ahmedu, Seko (Sheikh), ruler of Másina, his hos-
tility toward me, iii. 312, 314, 341.

A'bbega, the freed Marghi lad, iii. 22.
'Abd-Allah, the learned Tawati i. 318.

Aidó grass, with prickly involucre, i. 412.

on home-journey, iii. 629.

'Abd-Alláhi, son of Fódive and brother of 'Oth-'Ain Zára, described, i. 91; welcome reception in,
mán, iii. 635; his children, 143, note; notice of
his work, 139.

'Abd el Káder, sultan of Bagirma, ii. 555.

'Abd el Káder organizes a religious revolution in
Fúta, iii. 681.

'Abd el Káderi, sultan of A'gades, i. 320; his in-
vestiture, 336; his letters, 346; his deposition
and his confidence in me, iii. 137.
Abila, mount of Air, i. 306.

Air, or A ́sben, ethnographical relations of, i. 278;
A'ir not Ahir, 276, note. See A ́sben.

Airi, the great salt caravan, its gathering, i. 392,
396; estimate of its numbers, 452; went former-
ly only as far as Kátsena, 467.
A'jiri village, i. 583.

A'karámbay, iron gates of, narrow passage in Ni-
ger, iii. 503.

Abu Bakr el Wakshri, first acquaintance, i. 382;
his kindness to me in Kátsena, 461.
A'bú el Hassan, governor of Támkala, interview
with, iii. 539; his character and position, 541.
A'bú-Gher, village of Bagirmi, market, ii. 515, 666.
A'damáwa, country of, a Mohammedan kingdom
ingrafted upon a mixed stock of pagan tribes,
ii. 127, 189; character of, 191; a country for iii. 699, 708.
colonies, 158; different character of settlements, Aláune, Bórnu town, i. 574, iii. 35.
191: itineraries passing through the districts of, Aláwo, town of, ii. 99.
i. 626.

A'la, Alla, Bórnu town and vicinity, ii. 323.
Alairúk village, ii. 246.

Aláli-A'dia valley of Kánem, ii. 303.
Alamáy, or Allamáy, Bornu town, i. 554, iii. 586.
Alamáibe, or Allamúibe, village, hospitable treat-
ment at, iii. 585.

Adansonia digitata, the most common tree through
the whole breadth of Central Africa, i. 531, ii.
93; in Baghena, iii. 703; colossal specimens, i.
531, ii. 112; different variety, iii. 66; peculiar
domain, i. 449; the constant companion of hu-
man society, 451, ii. 221; on the Niger, iii. 524
-527; use of the leaves of, for vegetable soup, i.
433, ii. 57, 110, iii. 39, passim; use of the fruit
for imparting an acid taste, ii. 10.-
A'dar, governors of, iii. 636; country of, and towns,
i. 599; limits of, iii. 121.

A'dar, well and hamlet in Aússa, iii. 695.
A'dar-andúrren, "the little creek," usual ferry on
the Niger, iii. 500.

A'dar-n-haut island and its inhabitants, iii. 463.
A'derár, country of the Awelimmid, list of wells
and pasture-grounds of, iii. 472, note.
A'derer, district described, and Moorish tribes in,
iii. 714.

A'dishén, the Músgu prince, conduct of, toward his
female slaves, ii. 347; his reception by the viz-
ier, 359.

A'fadé, town and district, ii. 436, 571.
A fagé, town, ii. 338.

Afalésselez, character of, arrival at the well, i. 223.
African warfare, interesting incident in, iii, 462;
cruelty of, ii. 394.

Afulle district and its inhabitants, iii. 709.
A'gades and its inhabitants described, i. 317-360;
its history, 361; period of foundation, iii. 664;
its ancient gold trade, i. 367; prices in market,
375; identity of its language with that of Tim-
búktu, 334 (compare iii. 670); Ground-plan of,
372; dungeon, 336; great mosque and tower,
355; investiture of the sultan, 336; audience
hall, 320.

A'gata, village and mount, i. 305.
Agérijit, village and well, iii. 703.
Aghadir Dóme, village and inhabitants, iii. 719.
Aghafi, ancient town of Kánem, ii. 306, 629, seq.
A'ghelé district on the Niger, iii. 495.

Aghó, formerly large town of Kánem, ii. 294, 629.
A'hmed Bábá, notice of his work, iii. 146; his char-
acter, 282, 668,

VOL. III.-D D D

Aláso, or Alássa, town of Bághena and its vicinity,

Aliyu, sultan of Sokoto, first meeting with, iii.
105; his character, 117; sets out on an expedi-
tion against the Góberáwa, 109; his proceedings,
122-124; returns to Wurnó, 136; interview with,
558; his justice, 563; farewell interview with,
565.

Alkuttabu, chief of the Awelímmid, iii. 319, pas-
sim.

A'man Semmedné valley, sculpture and stone cir-
cles at, i. 181.

Ammas, "the islands and swampy grounds in the
Niger," iii. 474.

A'nay town, in the valley of Kawár, iii. 619.
Angála, see Ngála.

Anikimma, Tebu town, iii. 619.
Anislimen, Merábetin or Tolba, peaceable tribes of
the Kél-owi, i. 265 (compare 264, n.); of the
Awelimmiden, iii. 722; of the I'regenȧten, 723;
See Merábetin.

A'nnur, chief of Tintéllust, sends us an escort, i.
267; interview with him, 293; his character,
293, 425; parting with, 425; visit him at his es-
tate, 437.

A'nnur karamí, a relation of the former, i. 220;
his lodgings at A'gades, 330.
Ant-hills of immense size, ii. 499; indicating the
neighborhood of a river, 163.

Antilope, different species, Búbalis, i. 225, iii. 611;
A. Addix, i. 576; A. Leucoryx, 403; bucklers
made from its skin, 404; its meat, 408; A.
Oryx, ii. 495, iii. 29; A. Soemmeringii, i. 576, ii.
475; other species, 65.

Ants, serious attack of black, ii. 524; battle be-
tween red and white, 524; winged, 230; white
on the Niger, iii. 438, note, 528; northern limit
of, i. 416, iii. 606; abundance of ants in Kátsena,
84.

Arab or Moorish tribes of the western part of the
desert, list of, iii. 711.

Arabs, native Arabs, or Shúwa, of Bórnu, and
neighboring countries, ii. 88; early settlements
in Kánem, ii. 652; chiefs of, 638; their inter-
course with the Fúlbe, iii. 254.
Arama, see Rumá.

Arborescent Euphorbiaceæ, ii. 429.

196, note.

Archer, mounted, rare, i. 581; in Fógha, iii. 166. |Bagelé, mount of A'damáwa, ii. 175; hamlets of,
Architecture of A'gades, i. 350, 352; of Kanó, 509;|
of dwellings in Sarawu, 146; in Múbi, 211; of
the Músgu tribe, ii. 413; of palaces in Logón,
445; in Más-eña, 517; of dwellings in Másina,
iii. 180, 181; in Namantúgu, 194, 195; in Tinge,
215; in Timbuktu, 307; insecurity of clay houses,
ii. 520; more solid architecture in former times,
i. 577, ii. 518; Songhay and Háusa architecture,
iii. 526.

Argúngo, residence of rebel chief of Kébbi, iii. 146.
A'ribínda, town of, and its inhabitants, iii. 212.
A'ribinda, meaning southern bank of Niger, iii.

213.

Arókam valley described, i. 228.

Asába mountainous district, iii. 707.
A'sada, valley of Air, described, i. 308.
A'sben, or Air, first view of, i. 236; nature of the
country, 252; mountains of, 257; forms of name,
258, n.

Asclepias gigantes, enormous specimens, i. 219,
264; usefulness of, 417; bears testimony to the
fertility of the soil, 315; wide extent, 558, ii.
60, 61, passim; its monotonous character, i.
547; characteristic of the neighborhood of Kúk-
awa, ii. 225.

Asér village, near Sansándi, iii, 694.
Aséttere valley, i. 230.

A'sfer, singular food of this bird, i. 127.
Asfura valley, ii. 294.

dried

A'shenúmma and its inhabitants, iii. 515;
fish the best medium of commerce at, 618.
Asiu, or Aseu, well of, importance of, i. 237, 603.
A'skia, Mohammed ben Abú Bakr, king of Song-
hay, his greatness, iii. 286; his rise, reign, and
death, 666-670. Compare i. 361.

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A'sodi, description of the town, i. 303.
Asses, usual beasts of burden of Guro travelers, iii.
187; compare 363; excellent breed in Air, i.
299; in Dar-Fur, ii. 96; in Mósi, iii. 364, 202;
plenty of, on the Niger, 411, 455.
A'su town, ii. 567; not name of river, 568.
Aswánek tribe, sections of, iii. 703.
A'tar, town of A'derér, iii. 715.
Alantika mount, highest mountain of my route,
ii. 164.

Aúdaghost, notice of, i. 361; iii. 658, C59.
Auderas, beautiful valley of Air, described, i. 311.
A'ussa district, towns in, iii. 693.

Aússa, general term for north bank of Niger, i.
471; iii. passim.

Auyók territory described, iii. 44.

A'wab, chief of the Tin-ger-égedesh, interview and
religious discussion with, iii. 335; his account of
Mungo Park, 340.

Awelimmiden, origin, iii. 680; sections and fami-
lies of, 720; peaceable tribes of, 722.
Ayoru, village and inhabitants, iii. 215.
Ayú, or Manatus, found in the Bénuwé, ii. 193;
in the Shári, 473; in Lake Débu, iii. 690; and
in the Niger in general, 409.

A'zawad, district north of Timbúktu, and adjoin-
ing districts, notice of, iii. 684.
A'zawágh, district on the Niger, iii. 684.
A'zemay, village on Niger, and its inhabitants, iii.
525.

Azkar, tribe of Imóshagh, historical notices of the,
i. 198.

Babáliya, town of Bagirmi, notice of, ii. 693; con-
dition of treaty with regard to, 637.
Bábir tribe, notice of the, ii. 120.

Báchikám, branch of Shári, great breadth, ii. 678;
upward, places along the, 678; downward from
Más-eñá to Músgu, 686.

Badamúni, or Gadabúni, fresh and natron lakes,
iii. 64, 67; village described, 66.
Badanijo, village of A'damáwa, described, ii. 144.
Badaráwa, walled town of Zánfara, with a consid-
erable market, iii. 100.

Padda-badda, walled town of Kebbi, iii. 149.
Baga, remarkable architecture described, ii. 412.

Baghena, identity with part of the ancient Ghan-
ata, Arab tribes in, iii. 711, present state and
historical notices of, 701.
Baghzen mount, i. 304, 398.
Bagirmi, description of the natives, ii. 486; fe-
males, 521; historical survey of, 543; when first
mentioned, 623; general character of, 557-560;
arms, language, and dress, 561; government,
562.

Bagma village described, ii. 133.

Bahr el Ghazál, large valley east of Tsád, described,
ii. 609.

Bákada village and inhabitants, ii. 481, 495.
Bakay, see Sheikh Sidi A ́hmed.
Balanites Egyptiaca, northern limit of, i. 227,
395; wide range over Negroland, 564; name
in A'damáwa, ii. 193; fruit of much value in
Bórnu, 57; in Bagirmi, 560; bread made from
the fruit of, 515; leaves used likewise, 492, 560;
fine specimens on Niger, iii. 518, 521; in Tim-
búktu, 322.

Bamba, or Kasbah, town on the Niger, and inhab-
itants, iii. 442.

Bámbara town and inhabitants, iii. 245-252.
Bambara country, present ruler, iii. 318.
Bamúrna valley, with sugar plantation, iii. 127.
Banal, mountainous district of Bagirmi, and in-
habitants, ii. 690.

Bánam and its inhabitants, ii. 689.
Banana (Musa Paradisiaca), i. 480; common in
the southern provinces, 621, ii. 193, iii. 143.
Banáy village, iii. 263.

Bandégo village of A'damáwa, i. 572.
Baobab, see Adansonia.

Bárakat, town and inhabitants, i. 209; vicinity
described, 210.

Baratawa village, fine tamarind-trees near, iii. 62.
Bárea village of Músgu country, ii. 363.
Bargu or Barba country, north of Yoruba, iii. 668.
Barley cultivated on the Niger, iii. 442.
Barno locality on Niger described, iii. 486.
Barth, Dr., his previous travels in Barbary, vol. i
p. vii; course of his studies, ii. 167; volunteers
to accompany Mr. Richardson in the exploration
of Central Africa, vol. i. p. viii; joins the expedi-
tion at Tunis, 29; arrival at Tripoli, 39; resi-
dence at and excursions around, 40-89; journey'
across the desert, 90, seq.; residence at Múrzuk,
150-156; departure from Múrzuk, 158; negotia-
tion with Tawárek chiefs, 164, 165; joins the
caravan, 168; astray in the desert, 158-192;
arrival at Ghát, 193; departure for the open
desert, 208; joins the Kel-owi caravan, 212;
reaches the Tinýlkum caravan, 232; alarms
from Tawárek freebooters, 235-255; attacked
and pillaged by the Merábetin, 259-262; endan-
gered by a desert torrent, 266; arrival of escort
from A'nnur, 267; arrival at Tintéllust, 275;
residence in Tintéllust, 292-298; nocturnal at-
tack, 295; journey to A'gades, 299-317; resi-
dence at A'gades, 317-360; interview with the
sultan, 320; receives letters of protection, 346;
residence in Tin-Tággana, 379-388; religious
conversation with A'nnur, 385; joins the salt-
caravan, 389; parting with Mr. Richardson, 425;
interview with the governor of Kátsens, 456;
theological discussion with Bel-Ghét, 465; de-
parture from Kátsena, 480; residence in Kanó,
489-525; severe attack of fever, 492; audiences
with the ghaladíma, and governor, 493-495;
sets out from Kanó alone, 525; joins the sherif
'Abd-el-Khafif, 530; interview with ghaladima
'Omár, 555; enters Bórnu, 561; news of Mr.
Richardson's death, 562; visit to his grave, 572;
interview with the governor of Dúchi, 584; ar-
rival at Kúkawa, 591; servants and debts of the
mission, 592; interviews with the vizier, 593;
amicable arrangements, 596; debts of the mis-
sion discharged, ii. 45; expedition to Lake
Tsád, 60-76; meeting with Mr. Overweg near

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