Kaliluwá, 80; departure from Kúkawa, 85; Beans, cultivation of, i. 54; iii. 35, passim.
journey to Yóla, 87-178; interview with the Bean-tressels excellent food for camels, iii. 79.
governor, 182; anxiety and sickness, 186; mis- Bechi town and neighborhood, i. 486.
sion repulsed, 186; return from A'damawa to Bedánga and its inhabitants, ii. 681, 688.
Kúkawa, 199-226; interview with the vizier, Bedde territory and its inhabitants described, iii. 38.
227; expedition to Kánem, 243-316; joins a Bedstead, kind of, necessary for an African trav
band of the Welád Slimán, 273; interview with eler, i. 429; curious bedsteads in A'gades, i. 350.
the sheikh of that tribe, 277; camp taken, 305; Beehives, i. 485; underground, ii. 103.
continued illness, 294-311; return to Kúkawa, Bees, dangerous attack by, ii. 407.

316; accompanies the expedition against Man- Bé-gúngu island, in the Niger, iii. 581.
dará, 316-424; discussion on slavery with the Belande village, iii, 593.

vizier, 325-328; cut off from the army, 367-369; Belang, important town of Gurma, iii. 647.
return to Kúkawa, 423; journey to Bagirmi, Belem, residence of M'allem Delil, town and its
425-503; stopped at the Shári river, 463; suc- inhabitants, ii. 154, 206.

ceeds in crossing, 469; residence at Mélé, 473; Bello, sultan, character, iii. 344; notice of his work,
laid in irons, 500; proceeds to Más-ená, 502; iii. 138.

interview with the lieutenant-governor, 504; Belússa, important town of Mósi, iii. 648.
becomes a retail dealer, 511; arrival of letters Beni-Ulid, troublesome place, iii. 629.

and supplies, 531; audience with the sultan, Bennanába, or Benába, chief town of Gurma, mean-
535; departure from Más-eñá, 543; arrival at ing of name, iii. 646.

Kúkawa, 573; treaty of commerce signed by Benón, camp where Park was kept a prisoner, iii.
the sultan, 575; death of Mr. Overweg, 578;

697.

parting interview with the Sheikh 'Omár, iii. Bentang-tree. See Silk cotton-tree.
19; departure for Timbúktu, 20; enters the Benuwé river, ii. 163, 200; the great arm of the
Komádugu of Bórnu, 27; reaches the moun- Kwára, 167; period of rising and falling, 172:
tainous province of Múniyó, 43; interview with its importance for the intercourse with the in-
the governor, 53; visit to the natron lake, 63; terior, 84, 327, 329.
arrival of pecuniary supplies, 75; interview with
the governor of Kátsena, 83; discussion on po-
lygamy with 'Abd-e'-Rahmán, 86; journey from
Kátsena to Sokoto, 88, seq.; interview with
'Aliyu, 104, 139; letter of franchise, 108; resi-
dence in Wurnó, 110-139; arrival at Gando,
142; transactions with the sultan, 145, 146; un-
safe journey through Kebbi, 148-171; first sight Berbéruwá well of Manga country, iii. 43.
of the Niger, 171; El Waláti, specimen of a Beri village and inhabitants, ii. 266; route to from
Moorish character, 198; stay in Libtáko, 200- Ngegimi, 267, note; former importance, 620, seq.
207; transactions with the Tawárek, 235, 241; Berninkoró, Bámbara village, iii. 701.
interview with the emir of Sarayámo, 256; Beshér villages and well near Kúkawa, i. 590.
embarks on a creek of the Niger, 259; interview Betéhá valley of Wádái, principal villages along
with Sidi A lawáte in Kábara, 277; arrival at the, ii. 671.

Benzári, town of Manga, i. 543.
Bérabish (sing. Berbushi) tribe, sections of, in
A'zawád, iii. 687; their hostility toward me, 331,
339; chief of Bérabish murderer of Major Laing,
336; death of his son, 342.

Berber population, historical notices of, i. 194; li-
centious manners of frontier tribes, 242; iii. 462.

Timbuktu, 281; religious discussion with Sidi Béting district, character of the Niger in, iii. 508.
Alawate, 304; attack of fever, 303-307; first Bú el Hamesh, well of Kánem, ii. 308.
interview with Sheikh el Bakáy, 309-311; Un- Birchi village, iii. 571.

settled residence in Timbúktu, 312, seq.; dan- Birmenáwa town, i. 536, iii. 582.

gerous situation, 331; interview and religious Birni, or Ghasr-éggomo, the old capital of Bórnu,
discussion with A'wáb, 335; his account of founded by whom, ii. 589; description of its
Mungo Park, 340; religious discussion with ruins, iii. 51.

Sheikh el Bakáy, 343; discussion on the relation Birni town on Niger and inhabitants, iii. 530.
of Christ and Mohammed, 349; on the prophets, Birni-n-Débe, site of and forest scenery, iii. 159.
"Who is a Moslim?" 384; forced to leave the Birni-n-Kebbi and its inhabitants, iii. 153, 550;
town, 388; political meeting, 394; departure N. B. Other names beginning with the term Birni
from Timbuktu, 403; retrograde movement, 413; look for under the second part of the name.
final departure, 432; enters the desert, 449; ar- Bitinkóbe tribe, iii. 531.
rival at Gógó, 479; parting with El Bakáy, 495; Bizúggu town, iii. 644.
travels along the southwestern bank of the Ni- Blacksmiths of the Tawárek, i. 301; blacksmith's
ger, 496-533; an alarming adventure, 529; workshop described, ii. 102.
second residence in Say, 534; interview with the
governor, 534; arrival at Támkala and inter-
view with the governor, 539; attack of dysentery
at Wurnó, 560; interviews with 'Aliyu, 558, 564;
second residence in Kanó, 537; pecuniary diffi- Bodinga town and market, iii. 550.
culties, 578; meeting with Mr. Vogel, 586; last Bóghel valley, its picturesque and rich character,
residence in Kúkawa, 592; arrangements with i. $14.

Boats on the Tsád, ii. 65; on the Shári, 447, 450;
of the Músgu, 391; on the Benuwé, 169; on the
Niger, iii. 172, 250, 523; represented in Pl. 267,
271.

Mr. Vogel, 503; attack of rheumatism, 596; dif- Bógo village, ii. 362.

against Khadéja, his success, and what use he
made of it, i. 543.

ficulties and delays, 599; traverses the desert Bokhári, governor of Khadéja, his expedition
with a small Tebu caravan, 602-626; stopped by
Arabs, 628; arrival at Tripoli, 629; arrival in
London, 630.

Báruwa, or Bárruwa, town and vicinity, ii. 258, iii.
603.

Basengiddi village, iii. 706.

Basikúnnu town and inhabitants, iii. 694.
Basikúnnu and Yá-saláme, list of places between,
iii. 693.

Bat-há large valley and river of Wádái, ii. 648,
663, sen.

Batta tribe in A'damáwa, ii. 196.

Báure, a species of ficus, large specimen, i. 314;
poorer specimens, iii. 63.

Baúshi-trees, i. 432.

Baya and its inhabitants, i. 640.

Bokhari, learned man of Sokoto, iii. 635.
Bokhári, a learned man of Gando, iii. 146.
Bóne village, iii. 235.

Bongesemba village, on the Upper Niger, or Dhiú-
liba, different quality of the water of the two
branches of the river at, iii. 691.

Books should be sent out to Central Africa, iii. 372;
manuscript books in Bagirmi, ii. 506.
Bóre town, iii. 687.

Bórnu, general character of history of, ii. 15; form
of government, 26, 591; friends and instructors
in, 35-40.

Bórnu, chronological table of events and list of
kings of, ii. 581.

Bórnu army, appearance of, ii. 348; detachments Corchorus olitorius, common vegetable in A'gades,
composing the cavalry of, in the expedition to i. 323; in Bórnu, iii. 64; in Bagirmi, ii. 541; in
Músgu, 638.
the desert, iii. 615.
Costume of Démmo chiefs, ii. 381.

Bórnu proper, boundaries of, i. 561.

Bornu-Gungu, or Barnu-Gungu, island in the Ni-Cotton cultivated from Bagirmi to Timbúktu, Pre-

ger, scenery round, iii. 497.

Borzári, town of Bórnu, iii. 37.

Bóse village and inhabitants, iii. 525.

Bosebángo village and inhabitants, iii. 189, 192.
Bread of Magáriá, i. 404: of balanites, ii, 515.
Búdduma, islanders of the Tsád identical with the
Yediná, ii. 64; their character, 64; their canoes,
66; Overweg's visit to their islands, 232.
Búgari village, ii. 466; described, 479.
Búggoma river, iii. 210.

Búgla well, iii. 696.

Búgomán town on Shárí, ii. 477.

Bulála, dynasty of, identical with Gaöga, ii, 545;
divisions of the, 676.

Bullock-riding, attempt at, i. 299; excellent bul-
locks in Air, 304, 427; the bullock the native
beast of burden, ii. passim.

face, p. xv.; best cotton near lakes and rivers, ii.
333; in Bagirmi cultivated in ridges, 489; chiefly
cultivated by Bórnu people, 559; the wealth of
Dikowa, 330, 430; on Niger, iii. 529, 531; the
staple in market of Badaráwa, 100; cotton ex-
tensively manufactured in Kanó, i 510; from
the 11th century in Silla, iii. 365; celebrated in
Korórofa, i. 621; in Kong, iii. 646; in Zagha,
691.

Cotton-fields, general neglected appearance, ii. 332;
well kept, iii. 95.

Cotton-strips as money, ii. 55; in the country
towns of Bórnu, i. 568; in A'damáwa, ii. 151;
in Bagirmi, 511; in Libtáka, iii. 203; in I'sayé,
229.

Croton tiglium in Bagírmi, ii, 560.

Crowe, Mr., H. M.'s consul-general in Tripoli, i. 39,

495.

Bulls used by the ancient kings of Fezzán for draw-
ing their chariots, sculptures confirmatory of, i. Crystallized tubes, iii. 610.
178.

Búnday mountain range, i. 303.

Búndi town, i. 156, iii. 586.

Bundóre village, dye-pits at, iii. 192.

Búne, Old and New, iii. 46.

Cucurbita lagenaria, ii. 142, 323.

Cucurbita Melopépo, ii. 401; in general use for
seasoning the food, 341, iii. 348.

Cultivation of the different species of corn in va-
rious districts greatly varying, ii. 143, 192.

"Búne Kayerde S'aid" village and meaning of Currency, defection in Kúkawa, ii. 55; very vary.
name, iii. 390.

Búnka town and its inhabitants, iii. 96, 569.
Búrj el Melha, a ruined castle, i. 37.

Búrgu or Burku, interesting country, ii. 245, 613.
Burre hamlet, rocky character of the Niger near,
iii. 504.

Burrum, or Bahr el Ghazál stations along, ii. 611.
Bússumo town, iii. 648.

Butter, fresh, not to be got in Bórnu, nor in Negro-
land in general, ii. 580, iii. 100.

ing in different districts, difficult to know before-
hand, iii. 196.

Cyperus esculentus, ii. 105, 427; porridge of, 142.

Dábuwa village, ii. 430.

Dághel village, residence of 'Othman the Reformer,
iii. 125.

Dákkwa, meaning of the term, i. 430.
Dalla town, iii. 687.
Dalla province, iii. 218.

Butter-tree, Bassia butyracea (kadeña, tóso), in D marak, ancient capital of Só, ii. 593.
Kátsena, i. 480, 482, iii. 90; A'damawa, ii. 109, Dámbedá village, iii. 77.

123, 143; in great numbers on Niger, iii. 263, Damerghú, corn-fields, i. 413; animals and vegeta-

527.

Búwa tribe, divisions, ii. 680.

Búwa-Dasár tribe, ii. 693.

tion of, 416; list of villages, 421; origin of the
name, 420.

Dan-Fawa, town and inhabitants, iii. 568.

Býrgu, nourishing grass in Niger, iii. 439, 441; Dánkama, site of, i. 450.

honey prepared from, 449.

Caillié, Réné, the traveler, iii. 265, 310.
Camel, the, not indigenous in Africa, i. 179; prices
of, in Bórnu, ii. 58; camels of Bórnu, 369.
Camel races, i. 270.

Canoes on the Bénuwé, ii. 168; see Boats.
Capparis sodata, uses of, i. 247; wide extent of,
247, 263, iii. 405, 434, 504; in the Burrum, ii.
612; berries of, i. 247, iii. 436.

Caravan trade of Timbuktu with Morocco, 366.
Caravans avoid the villages bordering the desert,
i. 118.

Castle of the Prophetess, a Roman ruin at El Jem,

i. 31.

Cattle, horned, indigenous or imported, ii. 402;|
introduced into many districts by the Fúlbe.
Champagóre, town and residence of Galaijo, de-
scribed, iii. 180.

Champaláwel town, iii. 186.
Cheréka mount, i. 302.

Chifówa town described, i. 545.
Chire described, ii. 683.

Civilization, false, its influence in furthering the
slave trade, ii. 326; of Negroland, only means
of, 501.
Clapperton, Captain, probable cause of his death,|
iii. 131; his great merit as a traveler, 125.
Clay the chief food of the Dingding tribe, i. 647;
clay-houses, insecurity of, ii. 520.

Dan-Shaura district, towns and villages in, iii.
566, note.

Dan-Shaura, walled town, iii. 565.

Darghol and its inhabitants, iii. 524, 768.
Dármagwá village, i. 559.

Darróro town, i. 613.

Daúra, eldest state of Hauss, i. 472; province of,
611; character of governor, iii. 76.
Dates of A'sben, i. 252; Kanó, 524; of Tawát,
species of, iii. 346, note; of Bamba, 443.
Date palms in A'sben, i. 252, 262; in Tasawa,
439; in Kanó, 524; in A'damawa, ii. 193; in
Logón, 438, 450; in Kánem, 300, 307; in Ba-
girmi, 683; in Timbúktu, iii. 322; in Bamba,
443; in Gógó, 473; loaded with fruit, 555; palm-
bushes, 523, 580.

Dáway village, iii. 590.
Dawerghú described, ii. 246.

Day, islands of, in the Niger, iii. 269.
Debe, site of, iii. 547.

Débu lake, its shallow character, iii. 687; ayú or
manatus found in, 690.
Déffowa town, i. 563.
Dekir well, iii. 625.

Deléb palms, i. 449, il. 136; the fruit and its uses,
138; wide range of this palm, 362, 397, 405,
442, 450, 493, 525, 560, iii. 89, 579, 581, pas-
sim.

Démmo village and scenery, ii. 379; pagan priests
and chiefs, 381.

Cocks used in deciding lawsuits by wager of bat-Démsa, country of this tribe, ii. 201.
tle, ii. 217.
Dendi, capital of, iii. 141.
Commerce of Libtáko, iii. 201; of Timbúktu, 675, Déndina, towns and villages of, iii. 639.
357; of Kanó, i. 509, seq.; of Kúkawa, 307, Denfo, walled town, and its inhabitants, iii. 701.
seq.; of Wádáy, ii. 659.

Denga village, iii. 193.

INDEX.

Denham, Major, his adventures in Mándará, ii.
320; his want of accuracy, iii. 125.

Deris, a dwelling-place of the "White Arabs," iii.
708.

Desert, journey across, i. 171, seq.; highest mount-
ain pass in, iii. 505; torrent, effects of, 551;
heart of the, i. 222, iii. 609; extent of rain into]
the desert, 614.

Desert near Timbúktu, residence in, iii. 315.
Deshi hamlet and inhabitants, iii. 219.
Devil's dance at Tágelel, i. 424.
Diggera and vicinity, ii. 341.

Diggera, a tribe of Tawárek, formerly of wide ex-
tent, now reduced, i. 472, ii. 594, iii. 19, 51.
Dikowa, large town and vicinity, ii. 324.
Dimisuga village, hospitable treatment at, iii.
Dimla town, iii. 648.

Dire town, iii. 689.

Dirma province, iii. 290.

789

El Jem, Roman remains at, i. 31.
El Júf district described, iii. 718.
Elkeb, singular monuments on the plain of, i. 71.
El Khwin described, i. 29.

El Medaina, a ruined Roman station, i. 36.
El Waláti, his character and appearance, iii. 198;
his knavery, 240, et passim; final separation
from, 356.

El War, or Temmi, well, iii. 623,

Elephants, frequent in A'damáwa, ii. 193; herd
of, going to water, 262; predominant in Músgu,
345, 346, 350; in Gurma, iii. 192.

E'm-n-kúris headland, camping-ground at, iii. 437.
Encampment, Arab, private life in, iii. 328; of Ta-
wárek represented, 423.

589." English house" at Kukawa, ii. 45.
English hill near Tin-tellust, i. 275.

Dirki town, iii. 614; historical notice of, ii. 595.
Dodó, worship of, i. 424.

Dodowa cakes, i. 414, 433; an important article of
trade with Sokoto, iii. 98.

Dógo, southernmost village of Bagirmi, described,
ii. 682.

Dógo village, near Say, iii. 533.
Dogo-n-dáji town, iii. 555.

Domestic slavery in Negroland, i. 527.
Donári town, iii. 42.

Dóre, chief town of Libtáko, iii. 200; market,201–204.

Erátafáni (Ghatafán, compare Ebn Khaldún,
trans. by De Slane, i. 38), camp of the, iii. 519.
E'razar valley, i. 263.

E'rgshésh, district described, iii. 718.
Ernésse camping-ground described, iii. 426.
Euphorbia, poisonous, i. 411, iii. 405.

European goods brought to Kanó, i. 517; to Tim-
búktu, iii. 336.

Europeans, in what little esteem held by some peo-
ple, iii. 402.

Exogyra Overwegi found near Wadi Tagije, i. 116.

Fáki el Bahr, most learned man in Wádái, ii. 662.
Dorówa (Parkia), chief tree in the provinces of Fáki Sámbo, a very learned Púllo at Másená, ii.

Katsena and Záriya, iii. 89, passim.
Dýnnia town and inhabitants, iii. 629.
Dúchi district described, i. 584.
Dúchi town described, iii. 99, 569.
Dúm palm, exclusive region near Zurrikulo, i.
558; wide range of over Negroland; in Air,
262, 308; near Yó, ii, 250; in Logón, 442; Ga-
zawa, i. 439, iii. 80; in Fógha, 162; in Muri,
647; on the Niger, 406, 518, 521, 526, 528, 620;
use of the fruits of in Say, 525; in Tamkala,
538; the kernel, ii. 54, 253.

Duncan, his route from Baffo to Adafudia full of
errors, iii. 644.

Dunki-tree leaves used as vegetable, iii. 532.
Dúnu village described, i. 566.
Dyeing, the art of, imparts to several regions of
Negroland a certain tincture of civilization, i.
444; superiority of in Kanó, 512; in Ujé, ii. 95;
in Bagirmi, 488; in Zánfara, iii. 98, 570.
Dwentsa town, iii. 687.

Dýrregu, the freed Háusa boy, iii. 23, passim.
Ebn Batuta's Travels, i. 365; mentions Edris as
King of Bórnu, ii. 22.

E'deri and its caverns, i. 138.

Edible wild fruits, ii. 104, 109; edible poas, see
Poa; edible productions, 142.

Edris Alawóma, greatest king of Bórnu, ii. 593;
expeditions of from Bórnu to Kánem, 617.
Efadaye, lawless tribe, i. 287; their strength, 383.
Ege, fertile valley, described, ii. 612.
E'geri, valley of, i. 219.

Eghellal mount and village, i. 303; valley, 304.
Egyptians, ancient, probable intercourse of the|
Songhay with, iii. 293, 464.

El A'biar, district near the Senegal, wells of, iii. 706.
El A hmar well, iii. 622.
El Arb'ain described, i. 30.

El Bekri's account of Negroland, iii, 659; mention
of various words still in use, shigge, 303, n.
El Edrisi's account of Negroland noticed, iii. 660.
El Gada and adjoining districts described, and
Moorish tribes in, iii. 717.

El Giblah and Sherumámah described, and Moorish
tribes in, iii. 715.

El Háha district and tribes, iii. 717.
El Hank district described, iii. 718.

El Hasi, the well at the foot of the Hammáda, i.
130.

El Hodh district described, and Moorish tribes in,
iii. 712.

506.

Fálalé, village and costume, iii. 645.
Fali tribe in Fúmbiná, ii. 196.
Fányakangwa town, iii. 584.
Farara described, i. 422.
Fáro river, ii. 171, 200.
Fatáwel, great ivory market, ii. 346.
Female chiefs and sovereigns in Bórnu, ii. 593; of
the Welád Rashid, 655.

Female infidelity rare among the nobler tribes of
the Tawárek, iii. 425; female head-dress in Ba-
girmi, ii. 470; in Kanó, i. 497.

Female apparel in general in Negroland, i. 440; in
Músgu, ii. 406; in Songhay, iii. 481.
Fénorang valley, i. 239.

Fereng-mangha, explanation of the title, iii. 292,
note.

Ferry-boats made of calabashes, i. 581, iii. 34.
Festival of the 'Aid el Kebir in A'gades, i. 336;
of the Fotr at Kúkawa, ii. 237; in Kanó, ib.;
in Mseñá, 532; in Timbúktu, iii. 352; in Yá-
gha, 197.

Ficus, very large specimens, i. 314, iii. 427.
Filiyo village and its inhabitants, iii. 214.
Fire-arms, their influence in furthering the slave
trade, ii. 327; numerous in Bórnu in the second
half of the sixteenth century, 503.
Firki-ground, a peculiar kind of soil, i. 587, ii. 88,
passim.

Fish very plentiful in Músgu, ii. 408, 411; differ-
ent species found in Niger, iii. 754: dried fish,
an important article of commerce in Bórnu, ii.
247; value of, as a medium of commerce at
A'shenúmma. iii. 618.
Fittri, the lake" of the Kúka, more considerable
places around, ii. 675; the districts mentioned,
621, 633.

Fleas in Kúkawa, ii. 48; in Támkala, iii. 539.
Fódet valley, mountain scenery, i. 269.
Fogha valley, iii. 162; mode of preparing salt,
164; character of the people, 165; separation
between the Hausa and Songhay races, 166.
French, excitement caused at Timbúktu by their
movements in the north, iii. 415-421.
Fugábú Kóbber, village of the, ii. 288.
Fúlbe of Mándará, ii. 353; degenerate Fúlbe, 113;
their intelligence and veracity, 132; first ap-
pearance in Bórnu, 592, 525; immigration into
Bagirma, 549; facilitated by the Shúwa, 503;
history of, and growth of their power in Sokoto,
iii. 112; tribes of, 113, note; their important

mission, 331; along Upper Niger, 679; their
policy in Timbúktu, 394; tribes in Sókoto, 636;|
Fúlbe inhabiting suburbs of larger towns, ii.
322, iii. 555; their way of preparing butter, i.
580.

Fúlbe huts figured, iii. 223.

Fúlbe of A'damáwa, their famous expedition to the
far South, ii. 204.

Fumbiná, extent of, ii. 191; described, 192; vari-
ous tribes, 196-198.

Funeral Dance, at I'sge, ii. 216.

Furá village, iii. 649.

their Gónja (country of the kóla-nut), routes to, iii. 646;
trade to, 364.

Gagliuffi, Mr., British Agent at Múrzuk, i. 151, Gósuwa down, i. 543.
157, 541.

Gasi-Ghuma, great market-place of Fermágha, iii. Guinea-worm disease, i. 231; produced by drink-

Ghadámes, inhabitants of, great merchants, set-Gurma, hilly country of, iii. 179; colonized by the
tled in Kátsena, i. 462; Kanó, 500, 503; Tim-
buktu, iii. 326, 676, 366.

Giraffe, home of the, i. 403; rare in the populous Hámiyen, warm springs of, described, ii. 668.
districts, in Músgu, ii. 91, 346; frequent on the Hamma, son-in-law to Annur, i. 298, 342; parting
Niger, iii. 468, 440.

Hándará village, iii. 71.

INDEX.

Hausa, historical notices of, i. 470; intelligence
of race and general character, 535; character
and importance of language, passim; its rela-
tion to the Berber, 471, n.; nobleman and reti-
nue, iii. 543.

Hatita, chief of the A'zkár, arrival of, i. 162; his
dealings, 171; sketch of, on his camel, 173.
Hallúf, Kanemma chief, ii. 290, seq.
Haw-n-ádak, an encampment, iii. 241.

791

passim; their dread of mentioning the name of
their deceased father, 416; encampments of the
tribes settled on the Niger, 422; the great south-
westerly group of, 719; the I'móshagh represent-
ed on the Egyptian monuments, 724.

Indigo, first appearance of plant, i. 394; way of
raising, in Bagirmi, ii. 494; in Wadai, 661; cul-
tivated to great extent, iii. 141, passim.
Inscriptions, Roman, in Gháriya, i. 123; Berber,
146, 233, passim; Rock, ii. 139.

tribes of, 723.

Hay, method of storing, in the Músgu country, ii. I'regenaten, subdivisions of, iii. 723; peaceable
355.
Headdress of females in Bagírmi, ii. 470; in Ká-
no, i. 497, in Kúkawa, ii. 59; in Belárigo, 53;
curious ornaments of, in Libtáko, iii. 204.
Hénderi Siggesi, valley of Kánem, ii. 300.
Hendi-kiri, camping-ground near, on the Niger,

iii. 436.

Hereditaments with some African tribes descend
from the possessor to his sister's son, i. 280;
probable foundation of the custom, 281.
Hibiscus esculentus, ii. 246, 544; in general use
in Bagirmi, 559.

Hillet e Sheikh Sidi el Mukhtár, a celebrated
place of worship, i. 607, iii. 309.

Hogár, or Hagara, account of the, i. 605.
Holcus cernuus, cultivated to great extent in Bór-
nu, i. 588, ii. 88; different varieties of, found in
different districts, 192; sorghum, the general
grain in Bórnu, 220; h. saccharatus, in south-
ern provinces of Bórnu, in Músgu, ii. 339; the
red species in Músgu, 354.
Hómbori mountain range figured, iii. 226; de-
scribed, 228.

Iron, best iron in Búbanjidda, ii. 102, 195; good
quality in Mandará, 216, but indifferent in Kanó,
i. 522; in Bagirmi, 682; in Wádáwi, 661.
Iron-stone abundant near Múnghonó, ii. 226.
Irrigation by lámbona or khattatír, i. 263, 480; ii.
253; in Kánem, 292; iii. 442.
I'sa, Songhay name of the Niger, iii. 268.
I'sa-bére, the principal branch of the I'sa, towns
and villages along the bank of the, from Dire to
Sansándi, iii. 689; towns and villages on the
southeastern branch between Móbti and Jenin,

691.

I'sayé village, tower-like granaries, iii. 228; in-
habitants, 229; deserted at a later period, 369.
I'sge district of Marghi, ii. 111; village and its in-
habitants, 141; hut and costume, 215; funeral
dance, 216.

Islamism, struggle between, and paganism, i. 450;
when introduced into Central Negroland, 474;
into Kánem, ii. 23, 582; into Logón, 455; into
Bagirmi, 550; into Wádái, 643; into Songhay,
283, 659.

Itisan, historical notices of, i. 288; subdivisions of,
290.

Hombori town, route to, iii. 220, note.
Horses, indifferent, in A'gades, i. 316; fine in Da-
merghú, 418; Bórnu horses, their excellence, ii.
58, 242; exposed to all changes of weather, Jacob, Jew servant to Denham and Clapperton, i.31.
156; barbarous Músgu mode of securing seat on, Jafarábe, group of islands in Upper Niger, import-
374; fine race of, in Libtáko, iii. 205; of Tawá- ant for commercial intercourse, iii. 327, 691.

rek, on Niger, 240, 241; numerous in Sarayámo, Jawara, Park's Jarra, former capital of Melle, iii.
255, 258; indifferent in Timbúktu, 386; of the

698.

Songhay, 473; value of, in the desert, 621. Jebel Manterús, ascent of, i. 59.

House, in Kanó, plan of, i. 509; in Kúkawa, plan Jebel Msid, ascent of, i. 70.

of, ii. 46; in Timbuktu, plan of, iii. 307; houses Jéga, important town of Kebbi, commerce of, iii.
in A'gades, i. 350, 352.
147, 551.

Húlluf, Logon town, famed for sorcery, ii. 440. Jehaya valley, or well, iii. 621.

Huts, general character of, i. 415; huts called ban- Jenúr village and inhabitants, iii. 707.

go or bongo, 440, ii. 97, 119; hut in Mubi, 211; Jerma, old, described, i. 144; Roman sepulchre,
various species of, in Bórnu, 226; of Shuwa, 90; 146; new, 146.

!|

of Marghi, 105; of Músgu, 416; see Architect- Jibáli village and mountains, iii. 707.

ure; in Yagha, iii. 195; of nomadic Fúlbe fig- Jidder, ruined hamlet, fine crops, iii. 537.
ured, 223; of Fúlbe in Bagirmi, ii. 503; in Song- Jimbálla district on Niger, towns in, iii. 692.
hay, iii. 226, 228.

Ibawajiten, notice of the tribe, iii. 473.
I'bo tribe, notice of, i. 647.

Jingeri village, iii. 590.

Jinni, or Jenni, founded, iii. 659; adopts Islám,
660; subject to Melle, 661; conquered by Sonni
'Ali, 665.

I'dinen, mount, the holy and dreaded mountain of Jinninau valley, magnetic iron-stone near, i. 245.
the A'zkár, i. 186; visited, 188; led astray on Judicial decision among the Marghi by cock-fight-
return from, 190.

I'ggeba well, iii. 620.

Igomaren, encampment at, on the Niger, iii. 455.
Ikadémmelrang valley, singular formations in, i.

234.

Ikannu and Gundam, list of places between, iii. 694.
Ikazkezan, general character of tribe, i. 282; a
freebooter, 418.

Пlóri, large town of Yoruba, i. 540.
Imeggélelé district, iii. 240.

Imghád, meaning of the term, i. 202; historical
notices of the, of the A'zkár, 202; of the valleys
round A'gades, 314; of the I'regenáten, iii. 720;
of the Awelimmiden, 721.

I'mmanang district, iii. 642.

Immenán valley, threatened attack in, i. 253.

ing, ii. 216.

Júggurú territory, iii. 156.

Jýju district, hamlets in, iii. 561, note.

Kábara town and inhabitants, iii. 273-277, 321;
special governor in former times, 289; passage
wrongly understood, ii. 590,
Kábowa village, i. 568.
Káda-márga village, ii, 502.
Kadammellet mount, i. 257, 258.
Kadúna river, i. 612, 613.
Kagza, well of, iii. 26.
Kákali village, ii. 369.
Kákarú town, iii. 768.

Kála, westernmost town of territory of Logón, ii.
439.

I'moshagh, or Tawárek, sections and families of Kála, considerable Bambara town, former import-
the A'zkár, i. 198; origin and antiquity of the ance, iii. 662, 697.

name, 202; of the Kél-owi, 282; of the Kél-gerés Kalála Tebu village, mode of preparing salt at, iii.
and Itisan, 290; their encampments, 408; the 613.

Sakomáren, 605; of the Hogár, 606; their cus- Kálemri Bórnu village, in its state of welfare, i.
toms, how changed by their settlement on the 558; half deserted, iii. 558.
Niger, iii. 410; their way of covering the mouth, Kalikágori village, ii. 247.