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PART order of battle: they were purfued by LieutenIII. ant-General Jeetz, with a few battalions, and Lieutenant-General Buddenbrock, with thirty 1742. fquadrons, and the huffars, who did little execution; aud the Auftrians refumed their march in very good order, taking the rout to their camp of Willimow. Though the Pruffians continued victorious in the field, they purchased the honour at an expensive rate. Among the Auftrian infantry 3,000 were either killed or wounded; but their horfe fuftained only an inconfiderable lofs, the whole, killed and wounded, not exceeding 600 men: the Major-Generals Frakenbergh and Welfh, and Colonel Fours, fell among the flain: the Major-Generals Marfhal and Pallant, and the Colonels Thierhim and Livingstein, with Baron Hagenback, were the principal officers wounded, who, with 900 men, remained prifoners: the Auftrians also lost a few colours, with eighteen cannon, and one haubitz, which they were obliged to leave behind for want of carriages. The lofs of the Pruffians was little inferior; this chiefly fell among the cavalry, who had 1,500 men killed, and 6co wounded; the infantry fuffered lefs, having only 400 men killed, and 200 wounded: among the flain were three colonels, and one major; and among the wounded one lieutenant general, two majorgenerals, one colonel, four lieutenant-colonels, five majors, Count L'Oftange, about thirty other officers of horfe, and fome of foot: the Auftrians took 1,000 prifoners, and amongst them MajorGeneral Werdeck, who afterwards died of his wounds, and fome other officers; they alfo carried off 2,000 horfes, 14 ftandards, and two pair of colours.

WHILE Prince Charles had been thus employ- CHAP. ed against the Pruffians, Prince Lobkowitz was III. very active in difturbing the French and Bavarians; and having undertaken the fiege of the 1742. castle of Frauenberg, encamped at Sahai, to cover the fiege. The French marshals refolving to protect the garrifon, and the Auftrians having poffeffion of Budweis, a ftrong town fixty-two miles fouth of Prague; a body of French and Bavarians, confifting of 20,000 men, advanced towards Budweis, to cut off the communication of the Auftrians with that place, and to relieve the caftle of Frauenberg. On their approach, Prince Lobkowitz quitted the fiege, and took his cannon to Budweis. The French, on the 14th of May, came up and marched into the camp which had been quitted by the Auftrians; who returned the fame day from Budweis, attacked the French about fix o'clock in the evening, and were every where fuccefsful till night parted the two armies; but as Prince Lobkowitz fufpected that the French intended to cut off his retreat to Budweis, he marched back in the night towards that place to prevent them: on this account the French affumed the honour of the victory, though. the Auftrians did not lofe 200 men, and the French loft above 500.

MARSHAL BROGLIO, the next morning, made himself mafter of Tein, a little town about five miles east of Frauenberg, and fifty S. W. from Prague, where there was a fmall garrifon of Austrians; and afterwards encamped on each fide the river in the neighbourhood of that place.

ABOUT the fame time Prince Lobkowitz fent a detachment of Croats, under the command of General Nadafti, to attack the French garrifon

at

PART at Pifeck, a town on the Muldaw to the fouth III. of Tein: the general fummoned the French,

who refufed to furrender; on which the Croats 1742. plunged through the river, fwimming with their fabres in their mouths, and fcaled the walls; which fo intimidated the garrifon, that they made little refiftance, and threw down their arms, ftruck with the greateft aftonishment at the refolution of the Croats, who found fome confiderable magazines in the place. While General Nadafti was executing his orders, Prince Lobkowitz appeared before Pilfen, a strong town fituate on the river Catburz, forty miles S. W. of Prague, and foon obliged the garrison to furrender prifoners of war; where he took 25 officers and 560 men; as alfo nine large cannon, fix mortars, and a great quantity of provifions and provender for the men and horfes.

On the 16th of May Marfhal Belleifle fet out for the Pruffian camp at Chotufitz to confer with his majefty, and afterwards proceeded to Drefden, with a view to establish the two monarchs in the intereft of the Emperor and France; because the French miniftry, deeming their alliance too precarious, were determined to try every effort to preferve a confederacy, whofe diffolution must be attended with the most fatal confequences to the views of the court of Verfailles. But, notwithstanding the abilities of this able negociator, all his fchemes were fruftrated, all his attempts difappointed: the King of Pruffia, and Elector of Saxony, were both jealous of the views of France, and they fufpected the court of Verfailles had no real intention of affifting the Emperor, for the confervation of the peace of the empire: and though France had poured her armies into the heart of Germany, under the plaufible difguife

difguife of a guarantee of the treaties of Weftpha- CHAP. lia, by which the conftitutional rights, liberties, III. and independence of the feveral ftates that compose the Germanic body are fupported; yet the 1742. courts of Berlin and Drefden now looked on her preparations in a different light, conjecturing, that the fole views of her policy were founded on principles of difuniting the powers of Germany, of weakening the refpective princes that stood in the best capacity of preferving the security of the empire and preventing any defigns meditated to incroach on the limits and freedom of the states; and, in particular, to debilitate the strength of the house of Auftria: they perceived, that however this was effected, whether with or without the affiftance of France, her fchemes were equally accomplished: they were startled at the reflection of fuch imminent danger pointing out the fate of Germany; they faw their fecret enemy, like a peftilence, enter the bowels, and prey on the vitals of their country; they looked through her mighty plan, and perceived that when one power was deftroyed, another must be difmembered, and another attacked, till France should either reduce the whole body to flavery, or an nihilation; they therefore found themselves oblig ed to renounce the treaty of Nymphenburgh, and recede from an alliance fo deftructive to the liberties of the whole German community, fo dangerous to their own fecurity, and fo pernicious to the fafety, freedom, and exiftence of every monarch, prince, and ftate in Europe.

FOR the arrival of this happy day, fo effentially neceffary for the protection of Germany, and the ballance of the European power, the British miniftry were filled with the ftrongest wifhes; but they knew fuch a favourable event VOL. I. Fff

could

PART could be effected only by a patient expectation HII. of opportunities, and a politic improvement of cafual advantages, which their ambaffador, the $742. Earl of Hyndford, had received the ftrongest directions diligently to embrace, and carefully increase; and who loft no opportunity, neglectéd no means, and fpared no affiduity in promot ing an accommodation between the Queen of Hungary with the King of Pruffia and Elector of Saxony. The court of Vienna now as fenfibly perceived the neceffity of engaging the courts of Berlin and Drefden to defert the confederacy formed against the houfe of Auftria, and were willing to obtain their friendfhip, on much feverer terms than had been formerly offered by the King of Pruffia.

THE Queen of Hungary had empowered the Earl of Hyndford to conclude a treaty of amity with the King of Pruffia: this nobleman closely attended the Pruffian camp, and having held frequent conferences with his majefty, at length, after the battle of Czaffaw, in conjunction with Count Podewils, the Pruffian fecretary of ftate, a feparate treaty of peace was agreed on, and the preliminary articles figned at Breflaw on the 11th of June 1742, between her majefty the Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and his ma jefty the King of Pruffia, of which the following were the principal articles:

By the 5th article, "The Queen of Hungary yielded in perpetuity, and in full fovereignty, to the King of Pruffia and his fucceffors, as well the low as the high Silefia, except the principality of Fefchen, the city of Troppau, "and the country lying between the Opau and the high mountains bounding upper Silefia; as alfo the lordship of Herrendorff, and other

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