97. 1. This queen. Mary, elder sister of Elizabeth. 13. Praxiteles. A fondness for citing classical illustrations is one of Lyly's distinguishing characteristics. 67. As she hath lived forty years. 78. Tickle. Uncertain. 79. Twist. Small thread or piece of silk. 88. Like the bird lbis. Reference to the so-called "unnatural natural history," most of which goes back to Pliny, is characteristic of Lyly and his Euphuistic imitators. 98. 117. Escapes. Mistakes. 66 133. Twice directed her progress unto 157. Admiration. Wonder. 99. 202. The curses of the Pope. "Pius V.'s bull.of excommunication and deposition, issued Feb. 25, 1570, was found nailed on the Bishop of London's door, May 15." (Bond, II. 535.) 251. Bound the crocodile to the palm tree. "A way of saying made Egypt a field for his victories.'" (Bond, II. 535.) RALEIGH THE LAST FIGHT OF THE REVENGE The text is based on Arber's Reprint; spelling and punctuation are modernized. 103. 3. This late encounter. The battle between the Revenge and the Spanish fleet began 10 September, 1591. The pamphlet describing it appeared the same year. 29. The year 1588. The year when the great Armada was destroyed. 41. The last of August. Old style; 10 September, new style. 57. Recover. Obtain. 58. All pestered and rummaging. The ships were encumbered with badly stowed gear. 104. 88. Weigh their anchors. Hoist their 97. Cut his mainsail and cast about. 110. Sprang their luff, etc. Allowed the 113. Answered. Justified. Took 122. High carged. Towering. 127. Luffing up. Turning towards the 134. Out of her chase. The guns in the bows of a ship would be the first used in a pursuit; the noun chase here means the bows. 105. 177. Admiral of the Hulks. Flagship of the transports. 185. Ship of Lime. So the original text; dressed. Having his wounds 211. Composition. Terms of agreement. 245. But. Nothing but. 106. 356. Approved. Experienced. 372. Fly-boats. Small, swiftly sailing ships. 107. 384. Road. Roadstead; harbor. BACON OF TRUTH 107. 1. See John, xviii: 38. 3. There be that. There are those who. 17. One of the later school, etc. Probably a reference to the "New Academy." HERBERT: VIRTUE 120. 15. Coal. I. e., on the Day of Judgment. THE COLLAR 6. In suit. Suing for the favor of a superior. 8. Me. For me; an example of the socalled ethical dative. 22. The attempt to weave a rope of sand was a typical example of folly. CRASHAW: IN THE HOLY NATIVITY OF OUR LORD GOD She 122. 91 f. She sings Thy tears asleep, etc. The stanza offers a typical example of a conceit." It is thus explained by Schelling (Seventeenth Century Lyrics): The Virgin sings to her babe until, falling asleep, his tears cease to flow. And dips her kisses in Thy weeping eye,' she kisses lightly his eyes, suffused with tears. Here the lightness of the kiss and the over-brimming fullness of the eyes suggest the hyperbole and the implied metaphor, which likens the kiss to something lightly dipped into a stream. spreads the red leaves of thy lips,' i. e., kisses the child's lips, which lie lightly apart in infantile sleep, and which are like rosebuds in their color and in their childish undevelopment. 'Mother-diamonds' are the eyes of the Virgin, bright as diamonds and resembling those of the child. Points' are the rays or beams of the eye, which, according to the old physics, passed, in vision, from one eye to another. Lastly, the eyes of the child are likened to those of a young eagle, and the Virgin tests them against her own as the mother eagle is supposed to test her nestling's eyes against the sun." VAUGHAN: THE RETREAT 123. The idea of this poem suggests Wordsworth's Intimations of Immortality, and it is probable that Wordsworth was influenced by Vaughan. MARVELL: HORATIAN ODE 124. Written in 1650 after Cromwell had returned from putting down a rising in Ireland. 125. 15. His own side. In 1647 the Puritan party was split between Independents and Presbyterians, the latter advocating the immediate disbanding of the army which was largely made up of Independents; Cromwell led the army to London, and forced the Presbyterians to yield. 17-20. An ambitious man makes no distinction between enemies (of an opposing party) and rivals (in his own party), and in the case of such a man ("with such ") it is more difficult to restrain him than to oppose him. 125. 23. Cæsar's. Charles the First's. 24. Through his laurels. In spite of his royal crown. 29. His private gardens. Until the outbreak of the Civil War Cromwell had lived in retirement. 41. Nature, that hateth emptiness. A 42. Allows of penetration less. Two 57. He. The King. This fine passage 69. A bleeding head. Pliny tells, in his Submissive DORSET: TO ALL YOU LADIES NOW AT LAND 127. "Written in 1665, when the author, at the age of twenty-eight, had volunteered under the Duke of York in the first Dutch war. It was composed at sea the night before the critical engagement in which the Dutch admiral Opdam was blown up, and thirty ships destroyed or taken. It may be considered as inaugurating the epoch of vers-de-societé." (E. Gosse, in Ward's English Poets.) 128. 27. Whitehall stairs. The royal palace of Whitehall was situated on the bank of the Thames. 44. A merry main. To throw a main was to cast dice in a game of chance. BROWNE HYDRIOTAPHIA The Urn-Burial sets out to be an historical account of the methods of dealing with the dead, but turns into a meditation upon the brevity and vanity of the life 24. To retain a stronger propension unto them. I. e., such souls clung more strongly to the bodies. 129. 36. Archimedes. The famous Syracusan mathematician and physicist of the third century B. C. 37. The life of Moses his man. The life of man as described by Moses, in the socalled Prayer of Moses, the ninetieth Psalm. 42. One little finger. According to (Browne's note). 65. What name Achilles assumed. Thetis, 69. Ossuaries. Receptacles for bones. cality. 83. Pyramidally extant. tombstone. Known by a 93. Atropos. The one of the three Fates who cuts the thread of life. 99. Meridian. The noon, or middle point, 106. Prophecy of Elias. "That the world 107. Charles the Fifth ... Hector. 115. One face of Janus . . . the other. 130. 136. The mortal right-lined circle. 0, the character of death. 147. Gruter. Jan Gruter (1560-1627), a continental scholar; author of Inscriptiones Antiquæ (1603). 157. Cardan. Italian philosopher of the sixteenth century. 160. Hippocrates. Greek physician (460377 B. C.). 164. Entelechia. A word coined by Aristotle to denote the actual being of a thing in distinction to its capacity for being. 167. Canaanitish woman. See Genesis, xlvi: 10. 178. Adrian. Hadrian, Emperor of Rome. 182. Thersites. A foul-mouthed coward in the Iliad, where Agamemnon is leader of the Greek host. 130. 205. Lucina. Goddess of childbirth; here equivalent to midwife. 211. Our light in ashes. According to the custom of the Jews, who place a lighted wax-candle in a pot of ashes by the corpse." (Browne's note.) 212. Brother of death. Sleep. 224. To weep into stones. A reference to the fable of Niobe. 131. 257. Mummy is become merchandise. A medicinal preparation made, or supposed to be made, from mummies, was highly regarded in the old medicine. 258. Mizraim. The Biblical name for Egypt; Browne seems to use it as symbolic of Egypt's great men. 268. Nimrod. The Hebrew equivalent of the Greek Orion. 269. The dog-star. Sirius. 274. Perspectives. Telescopes. 321. Enoch. "And Enoch was not, for 327. Decretory. Established by decree. 346. Alaricus. King of the Visigoths, who captured and sacked Rome in 410; he was buried, with vast treasure, in the bed of a river. 348. Sylla. Roman general and dictator (138-78 B. C.) 132. 357. That poetical taunt of Isaiah. See Isaiah, xiv: 16-17. 367. St. Innocent's churchyard. In Paris. 371. Moles of Adrianus. Hadrian's Mole, or tomb, now known as the Castle of St. Angelo. THE LIFE OF QUEEN ELIZABETH 32. Compurgator. A person who swore to his belief in the innocence of one on trial. 69. A fit of the mother. A pun on the old meaning of mother-hysteria. 135. 121. Ascham. See note on The Good Schoolmaster, above. 138. Et si ... pudor. And if that womanly bashfulness of mine. 136. 188. Latter Lammas. This rendering of Græcas Calendas is explained by the fact that neither a Greek calends nor a later Lammas (a church festival on August first) exists; the latter term was used ironically for "never." 211. Semper eadem. Always the same. 231. This anagrammatist. Edmund Campion, an English Jesuit, executed for treason in 1581. 271. Cordial. Invigorating. 145. 2. Cerberus. A three-headed dog, guardian of the gateway of Hades. 10. Cimmerian. Cimmeria was a land in which, according to Homer, the sun never shone. 12. Euphrosyne. Mirth. 29. Hebe. The goddess of youth. most 146. 45. Then to come in spite of sorrow. The passage has been much disputed about. The interpretation which seems satisfactory is that L'Allegro finds pleasure in hearing the song of the lark in the early morning, and then in coming to the window to look out through sweet briar and eglantine, to bid good morrow to the new day. 67. Tells his tale. Counts his sheep. he. Persons who are 125. Hymen. The god of marriage. 147. 145. Orpheus. According to the Greek myths, Orpheus was the most wonderful of all human musicians. Pluto consented to let Eurydice return with her husband to the earth, but Orpheus, by looking back to be sure she was following, broke the terms of his agreement with Pluto, and Eurydice remained in Hades. Hence the phrase," half-regained." IL PENSEROSO 10. Morpheus. The god of sleep. 18. Prince Memnon's sister. Memnon was a handsome king of the Ethiopians, according to Homer. Milton here assumes |