Beyond War: The Human Potential for Peace

Front Cover
Oxford University Press, 2007 - History - 331 pages
A profoundly heartening view of human nature, Beyond War offers a hopeful prognosis for a future without war. Douglas P. Fry convincingly argues that our ancient ancestors were not innately warlike - and neither are we. He points out that, for perhaps ninety-nine percent of our history, for well over a million years, humans lived in nomadic hunter-and-gatherer groups, egalitarian bands where warfare was a rarity. Drawing on archaeology and fascinating recent fieldwork on hunter-gatherer bands from around the world, Fry debunks the idea that war is ancient and inevitable. For instance, among Aboriginal Australians, warfare was an extreme anomaly. Fry also points out that even today, when war seems ever present, the vast majority of us live peaceful, nonviolent lives. We are not as warlike as we think, and if we can learn from our ancestors, we may be able to move beyond war to provide real justice and security for the world.
 

Contents

1 Charting a New Direction
1
2 Do Nonwarring Societies Actually Exist?
10
The Human Potential for Peace
21
Projecting Mayhem onto the Past
33
5 The Earliest Evidence of War
50
From Nomadic Bands to Modern States
65
The Quest for Fairness
81
Fact or Fantasy?
100
Sex Differences in Aggression
166
The Nomadic Forager Model
175
14 Setting the Record Straight
193
15 A Macroscopic Anthropological View
201
16 Enhancing Peace
213
Organizations to Contact
235
Nonwarring Societies
237
Notes
239

Geneva Conventions in the Australian Bush
113
Australian Warriors Yanomamö Unokais and Lethal Raiding Psychology
131
Life in the Band
148
Suggested Reading
322
Index
323
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About the author (2007)

Douglas P. Fry teaches in the Faculty of Social and Caring Sciences at Åbo Akademi University in Finland and is an adjunct research scientist in the Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology at the University of Arizona. A renowned anthropologist and a leading authority on aggression and conflict resolution, he has worked in this field for over twenty-five years and has published many articles and books on this subject.

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