Recent Advances in Biological Psychiatry: The Proceedings of the Twenty-Second Annual Convention and Scientific Program of the Society of Biological Psychiatry, Detroit, Michigan, May 5ā7, 1967A method of behavioral control which utilizes nutritive sucking as the operant has been evolved in our laboratory. Using this technique we studied the role of arousal and learning in the development of environ mental control over earliest feeding behavior. Few of the infants in our studies were able to coordinate their sucking behavior to arbitrary operant-discrimination schedules, but when the individual pattern of suck ing was taken into consideration, some infants rapidly adapted to the reinforcement schedule. Data from various reinforcement schedules suggest that earliest mothering involves a mutual adaptation in which the nurturing environment approximates and then entrains the infant's feeding behavior by a perceptive manipulation of the infant's state of arousal. Coordination between the infant and its environment sets the stage for associative learning, which develops following maturation of the infant's discriminative and response capacities. The process of behavioral acquisition begins with unconditioned feeding responses, which are transformed into complex learned behavior through the mediation of an appropriately reinforcing environment. The infants studied showed individual differences in susceptibility to environmental control and in response to frustration. The relative importance of arousal and learning as determinants of infant behavior are discussed and a hypothetical model for the earliest mother-infant relationship is proposed. |
Contents
1 | |
DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF CHLORPROMazine MetaBOLISM F W Grant | 16 |
ROLE OF WATER IN DRUG ACTION ON NERVE R I Ludmer and H C Sabelli | 42 |
STRUCTURAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL CHANGE IN VENTRALHORN CELLS | 71 |
SUMMARY REPORTS | 100 |
NORMAlization of Suboptimal | 121 |
EFFECT OF VITAMIN B12 ON NEURONAL RNA AND ON INSTRUMENTAL CON | 134 |
ICTUS AND AMNESIA Iver F Small and Joyce G Small | 144 |
CORRELATIVE BEHAVIORAL AND EVOKEDPOTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF INHIBI | 220 |
CODED STIMULATION OF THE EIGHTH NERVE AS A MEANS OF INVESTIGATING | 240 |
THE ROLE OF BRAIN WAVES IN LEARNING AND OTHER INTEGRATIVE FUNC | 249 |
SUMMARY REPORT | 257 |
EFFECTS OF EARLY WEANING ON SOME FREE AMINO ACIDS AND ACETYL | 266 |
TRACE Reflex FORMATION IN SENESCENCE AND SENILITY L Solyom | 294 |
THE EFFECT OF AROUSAL AND OF LEARNING UPON SUCKING BEHAVIOR | 302 |
SUMMARY REPORT | 314 |
EFFECT OF ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY ON MEMORY IN DEPRESSIVE DIS | 160 |
IS THERE AN ADDRESSED MEMORY IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? ACADEMIC | 179 |
Some ELECTROGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIC | 194 |
AVERAGED SOMATOSENSORY EVOKED RESPONSES IN VARIOUS PSYCHIATRIC | 205 |
SUMMARY REPORTS | 315 |
IN MEMORIAM | 321 |
327 | |
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Recent Advances in Biological Psychiatry: The Proceedings of the Twenty ... Joseph Wortis No preview available - 2012 |
Common terms and phrases
7-hydroxychlorpromazine activity alpha rhythm amino acids amphetamine amplitude animals auditory behavior biochemical brain bufotenin cerebral changes chlorpromazine classifying cells clinical compounds concentration conditioning convulsive treatment correlation cortex curves DāO decrease depression differences dorsal roots doses drug effect electrical electroconvulsive therapy electrodes enzyme ether evoked-response experimental experiments Exptl flicker frequency function glutamic acid gustatory hallucinogenic hemisphere Himwich hyperthyroid imipramine increase indicated Indoklon indole amines infants inhibition inhibitor injections interaction interstimulus intervals interval iproniazid L-7 segment latency learning lobe measures melanin memory mescaline metabolism metabolites mg/kg msec N,N-dimethyltryptamine nerve neurons nonpatients normal observed pattern photic response present pretreatment procainamide produce protein Psychiatry psychotic rats reaction record reinforcement Research schedule schizophrenic schizophrenic patients scores senescent senile shock showed signals significant specific stimulation studies sucking thyroid tion tissues trials tryptamine urine Ventral-horn cell visual vitamin B12