re

The

which he published in 1629, agreed with the doctrine of the formed upon which account it. was condemned by fome of his fucceffors, and by other bishops of the Greek church. But having the misfortune to perish in the manner we mentioned, he could not fulfil the hopes the Proteftants had conceived from him. Catholics likewife maintained, at great expence, miffionaries in Greece, and throughout all the Eaft, where they to this day employ them to propagate their doctrine, make profelytes, and by thefe means gradually to bring the Greek church under the fubjection of the Papal power. The efforts of those who were employed in this work were certainly not wholly unsuccessful, though the accounts they published on this fubject are greatly exaggerated, and false in many refpects, as we may convince ourselves by confulting the most genuine memoirs.

John Claude, a celebrated divine of the reformed church, had a very important controversy with Peter Nicholas, affifted afterwards by Anthony Arnauld. The dif pute turned on the faith of the Chriftian church of all times, on the fubject of Chrift's prefence in the holy fupper. This gave rife to a very exact inquiry into what was the true doctrine of the Greek church on this article. The treatise of the perpetuity of faith appeared in 1664, and was excellently anfwered by Mr. Claude. The con. troverfy was carried very far, and with great warmth. The defenders of the Roman church perceived that the caufe would gain much advantage from the depofitions of the Greek church, if from them they could make it

appear, that this church profeffed the fame faith with that of Rome on these matters. To procure these they at first employed only fome particular people of their own communion whom they could confide in. But finding that things went on very flowly this way, and that it could not at laft answer the purpose, they caused it to be added to the inftructions of the French minifter at the Port, that he should take every poffible means to give the French clergy fatisfaction on this fubject. In effect the ambaffador obtained, from the bifhops, priefts, and monks of the Greek church, a fufficient number of fuffrages to answer the defigns and expectations of those who had folicited them; though the means they had taken to procure them, and the little fincerity that had prevailed in the whole affair, were known to every body. The reformed writers laid thefe tranfactions fully open, and exposed all their intrigues, which the most judicious amongst the RomanCatholics did not take upon them to difallow. They held alfo, for the fame purpose, a fynod at Jerufalem. Dofitheus, patriarch of that city prefided, who took care that things fhould turn out to the advantage of the Roman-Catholic party, by whom he was paid. In a word, it is certain that very little credit is to be paid to the tefti monies given by the Greek church to the Roman at that time. However, we cannot deny that about the time of the fecond council of Nice, many Greek divines, particularly amongst the monks, had adopted the doctrine of tranfubftantiation; and, perhaps, this faction might afterwards prevail. Notwithstanding which, the num

ber

ber of those who acknowledged no other than a fpiritual prefence of the body, was always very confiderable. This is what a Greek, named Gregory, who was in England in 1669, publicly and openly delared, and we have other reasons to credit the truth of what he faid. But fuch is the grofs ignorance of the Greeks, that they cannot give a reasonable answer to any question you put to them.

[To be continued.]

A DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT

O F THE

A few years after the Conqueft, Ralph, earl of Eaft-Anglia, rofe in rebellion against William, when being obliged to take fhelter in Norwich, the city was befieged, and fuffered confiderable damage by famine.

In the reign of William Rufus it became a flourishing place, owing to the bishop's fee being removed hither from Thetford. This was done by Herbert Loringa, the then bishop, as an atonement for his having been guilty of fimony; who also built a handsome cathedral here, the firft ftone of which was laid in the year 1096. He likewife built two parish churches, and a palace for himself and his

AND ITS CATHEDRAL.

NOR

ORWICH, the capital of the county of Norfolk, and one of the most confiderable and populous cities in the kingdom, is pleafantly fituated by the fide of a hill, on the banks of the Yare. It was called by the Saxons Norwic, nor fignifying North, and wic, a bay, ftation, or caftie; and it received the appellation of North from its being fituated to the South of a very ancient fortified town, about three miles diftant, called Caifter, from the ruins of which this city. is generally supposed to have risen.

Norwich, like many other confiderable places, has fuffered greatly at different periods, either by wars, infurrections, or accidents.

When the Danes ravaged EaftAnglia, they plundered and burnt this city but it foon after recovered, as appears by doomsdaybook, which informs us, that in the time of Edward the Confeffor it contained thirteen hundred and twenty burgelles,

tery, which he very liberally endowed.

King Stephen, in the feventeenth year of his reign, made this city a corporation, at which time moft of the houses were rebuilt. From that time till the reign of Henry IV. it continued to increase, when that monarch enlarged its privileges, by making it a county of itself, to hold pleas of the crown, and choose a mayor inftead of bai. liffs, by whom they had been formerly governed.

In the year 1348, Norwich fuffered confiderable injury by the plague, which, about that time, was almost univerfal throughout the kingdom. It fwept away, in this city, upwards of fifty-feven thoufand people, befides mendicants and dominicans, which is a proof how populous the place was at that early period.

In 1507 the greatest part of it was deftroyed by fire, and it fuffered confiderable damage during the time of Ket's rebellion. Since the laft period it has enjoyed almoft

continual

Engraved for The New Christian's Magazine.

View of the CATHEDRAL CHURCH NORWICH, in Norfolk.

continual peace, and is now one of the most confiderable places in the island.

The city of Norwich is about two miles in length, and one in breadth. It is enclosed by a flint ftone wall, which was begun in 1294, and fiuilhed in fifteen years; but it is now greatly decayed.

The buildings in general are irregular, owing to their having been erected at different periods. There are, however, many neat private houfes belonging to manufacturers and others; and the public edifices in general are exceeding handfome.

The cathedral, which is dedicated to the Holy Trinity, is a stately Go hic ftructure, of curious. workmanship. The roof is adorned with carved work, reprefenting many hiftorica paffages, and the fpire is one of the loftieft in England, being three hundred and fif teen feet in height from the ground. It formerly contained a great number of magnificent monuments; but molt of them were deftroyed during the time of Ket's rebellion.

Adjoining to the cathedral is the epifcopal palace, with the houfes belonging to the refidentiaries, the whole of which are very elegant, and have a grand appearance.

There were formerly fifty-eight churches in this city, but they are now reduced to thirty-fix, exclu five of the cathedral, and a church in the fuburbs.

The moft remarkable of these buildings is St. Peter of Mancroft, which contains a ring of ten good bells, and for elegance, both within and without, is not inferior to any parish church in England. The others are but mean edifices, and two of them are covered with thatch.

No. 48.

One of the churches is adapted for the ufe of the Dutch, and another for the Flemings, both of which have confiderable privileges. Here are alfo a Prefbyterian and an Independent meeting, two for the people called Quakers, and two for the Methodists.

The cafle is fituated on a very high hill, and furrounded by a deep ditch, over which there is a ftone bridge, with an arch of an extraordinary fize. It is fuppofed to have been founded in the times of the Saxons, and afterwards repaired by Hugh Bigod, earl of Norfolk. It is the common jail of the county, and adjoining to it is the fhire-houfe, where the fummer affizes and general quarterfeffions are held for the city. It is almoft a new building, the original one being a few years ago detroved by fire.

The town houfe, which is fitua ted in the market-place, is a handfome venerable ftructure, and in it are chofen the principal officers of the city.

Near the guildhall is the house of correction, commonly called Bridewell. It is a large beautiful ftructure, built with fquare Aint ftones, fo nicely cemented together, that they appear as if of one piece.

The dukes of Norfolk had formerly a palace here, reckoned one of the largest houfes in England; but it has for many years paft been ufed as a workhouse for the poor.

There are five bridges over the river Yare, which is navigable from hence to Yarmouth, and a confiderable trade is carried on between the two places. By a an act of parliament paffed in 1726, a duty of fourpence per ton is laid on all goods brought into the city, 7 K

for