Zirconium in Nuclear Applications

American Society annealing temperature anodizing ASTM International Atomic Energy axial basal poles behavior burst test cladding cold-worked corrosion rate coupons crack creep rate creep strain curves decrease deformation depleted zones diameter direction dislocation ductility effect elongation fluence flux fracture fracture toughness fuel grain boundary hoop stress Hot Roll hydride hydrogen in-flux in-reactor increase interstitials iodine irradiation Journal of Nuclear longitudinal loop mandrel measured mechanical properties metal Metallurgical methanol niobium Nuclear Materials observed orientation oxide oxide film oxygen parameters percent plane plane strain plate pole figure prefilmed pressure tubes quenched radiation ratio reactor reduction rods rolling room temperature sample SGHWR shown in Fig Society for Testing specimens stress structure surface Table tangential tensile properties Testing and Materials texture tion transverse uniaxial unirradiated vacancies values void wall thickness weight gains yield strength Zircaloy Zircaloy tubing Zircaloy-2 zirconium alloys zone Zr-Nb