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ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

PLACES AND PERSONS.

CUMBERLAND.

If Skiddaw, etc.

Mr. Denham, Prouerbs, p. 13, says that “Scruffel” in this rhyme should be written "Criffell.”

DERBYSHIRE.

ALDERWASLEY.

Alderwasley (pronounced, Arrowslea) originally formed part of the ancient park of Belper, and belonged successively to the families of Ferrars, Earls of Lancaster, and Lowe, a descendant of whom married the ancestor of the present owner. A portion of the estate called "Shyning Cliff" was granted by Edward I. in the following quaint rhyme

"I and myne,

Give thee and thyne,

Milnes Hay and Shyning Cliff,

While grass is green and berys ruffe."

Murray's Derbyshire, 1868, p. 18. Compare "While the ivy is green," etc., Staffordshire.

The turnpike road to Buxton runs through the same pleasing scenery which prevails about Bakewell to one mile and a half. Ashford, distinguished as Ashford in the Waters. . . . This has given rise to a local distich

Ashford in the water,
Bakewell in the spice,

Sheldon in the nutwood,

And Longsdon in the lice.

Murray's Derbyshire, 1868, p. 35.

LINCOLNSHIRE.

O Grantham, Grantham! these wonders are thine,
A lofty steeple, and a living sign!

A swarm of bees was once the sign of an inn at the entrance. Proverbial Folklore, by the author of Songs of Solace. Dorking, N. D.

NORFOLK.

The country gruffs [or gnoffs], etc. The writer of a thoughtful review on A Dictionary of Slang, Jargon, and Cant, by Albert Barrère and Charles G. Leland, Athenæum, February 14, 1891, says, "Within the present century (probably) a good many Hebrew words have come into English slang through the medium of ' Yiddish' . . . gonoph, a thief (Hebrew) gannābh, pronounced gonnof by Polish Jews, Mr. Leland writes incorrectly ganef,

. correctly pointing out that gonnof has nothing to do with the obsolete English gnoffe, a churl or boor."

That "gonnof" has no connection with "gnoffe" is, after all, most likely, for it is not easy to imagine the initial and probably silent "g" of the latter recovering itself with the additional syllable. But I wish to point out that in country places "gonoff" never means thief. It signifies a flat, or natural, or boor, and I used to regard it as a sort of telescope word formed from "gone" and "off" of some such phrase as "He's gone off it" (i.e. his "chump," "head," etc.). But several etymologists, including Davies in his recent Supplementary English Glossary, have attempted to connect gnoffe and gonnof.

WORCESTERSHIRE.

Kidderminster.

King Cador saw a pretty maid, etc. The following lines should precede the rhyme. În the Rambler in Worcestershire, 1851, pp. 2, 3, the author after noticing several definitions of antiquaries as to the name Kidderminster, says, 66 Others facetiously assert that one King Cador resided there in the glorious days of the round table, and that Cader's Minster is thence derived; in proof of which, they advance the following versified tradition. . . .”

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Before the words It would be childish, etc., should come these: "Dr. Nash, Hist. Worcesters., ii. p. 200, says..."

The Doctor has some remarks on the derivation of the name, Ibid., and ii. 437. So has B. 324; and their conclusion is that it alludes to the god Odin, the place, probably, having been one of the Anglo-Saxon "marks."

HISTORY.

Prince Henry, eldest son of James, to whom Queen Elizabeth was godmother, born February 19th, 1593, died November 6th, 1612,... was very popular, especially among the Puritan party, who were in the habit of saying—

"Henry the Eighth pulled down the abbeys and cells,

But Henry the Ninth shall pull down bishops and bells." Ballad Soc. Pubs., vol. ii., part ii., p. 138 notes.

Hops, Reformation, etc. These rhymes contain little actual truth. Facts gathered from Rogers's Agriculture, and Prices in England, vol. iv., show that hops were sold at 12s. 2d. the cwt. in Norfolk, in 1482; beer is mentioned frequently in the fourteenth century; pikerell and pike are found in that century, too. Of Reformation it is unnecessary to speak. In 1560, the price of a turkey was 5s., showing that the bird must have been a comparative rarity in the beginning of Elizabeth's reign; in 1562, a carp was bought for 25., a price which confirms the popular view that the fish was of late introduction.

In the Draper's Dictionary by S. William Beck, art. BAYS, we read, "Once an article of considerable importance in our manufactures very similar to the baize now made, but slighter. Bays, bayze, and baize, are all used in records as pertaining to this material, which was first introduced here in 1561. Hasted in his History of Kent, 1797, says, 'Those of the Walloon "strangers" who came over to England and were workers on serges, baize, and flannel, fixed themselves at Sandwich, at the mouth of a haven, where they could have an easy communication with the metropolis and other parts of the kingdom. The Queen, in her third year,

1561, caused letters patent to be passed under her great seal, directed to the mayor, etc., of Sandwich, to give liberty to certain of them to inhabit that town for the purpose of exercising their manufactures, which had not before been used in England.'" Norwich, Colchester, Maidstone, and Southampton, also became places of renown for Bays and Says [serge] thanks to the Protestant Netherlanders. See the History of Britain, 1670.

It is necessary,

Rhymes of the Rebellion, temp. Richard II. perhaps, to print the fuller versions of these from Stow. One only is printed in verse form. Charles Mackay included the set in his Songs and Ballads of the affairs of London generally, edited for the Percy Society (vol. i.), but modernized the spelling in some

cases.

"Libel of Iohn Ball.-Iohn Shepe, sometime Saint Mary Priest of Yorke, and now of Colchester, greeteth well Iohn Namelesse, and Iohn Miller, and Iohn Cartar, and biddeth them that they beware of Gillinbrough* (alias Gitenbrough), and standeth together in God's name, and biddeth Pierce Ploghman goe to his worke, and chastice well Hob the robber, and take with him Io. Trueman, and all his fellowes, and no more. † Iohn the Miller hath yground small, small, the King's sonne of heauen shall pay for all, beware or ye be woe, know your friend from your foe, haueth ynough, and saith hoe, and doe well and better, and fleeth sinne, and seeketh peace, and holde therein, and so biddeth John Trueman and all his fellowes."

"Some other epistles of the said Ball [Ball was hanged and beheaded at St. Albans on July 15, 1381. . . . He confessed, at the place of execution, that he wrote these epistles-half prose and half verse-and distributed copies of them among the populace] have I seen, which also I thinke goode (as afore) here to insert."

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Epistle of Iohn Ball.-Iohn Ball, Saint Mary Priest, greeteth well all manner of men, and biddeth them in name of the Trinitie, Father, Sonne & Holy Ghost, stand manlike together in truth, & helpe truth, and truth shall helpe you now reigneth pride in price, couetise is holden wise, letchery without shame, gluttony without blame, enuie raigneth with reason, and sloth is taken in great season, God doe boote, for now is time. Amen."

"Iacke Miller,-lacke Miller, asketh help to turne his mill

* Walsingham, Historia Anglicana, has “gyle in borough," and this seems to be the accepted meaning.

["And loke scharpe you to on heued, and no mo"] Bibl. Reg., 13 E. ix. fol. 287a (MS. Coll. King's Library, British Museum). See Chronica Monasterii St. Albani, Historia Anglicana, by Th. Walsingham, edit. by H. J. Riley, M.A., 1864, ii. 33, 34.

Rolls. Pubs.

aright, he hath ground small, small, the Kings sonne of heauen shall pay for all looke thy mill goe right with four sailes, and the post stand in stedfastness with right and might, and skill and will, let might helpe right, and skill before will, and right before might, then goeth our Mill aright and if might goe before right, and will before skill, then is our Mill misdight."

IACKE TRUEMAN.

"Iacke Trueman doeth you to vnderstond,

That falsenesse and guile hath raigned too long:
And trueth hath beene set vnder a locke,

And falsenesse raigneth in euery flocke.

No many may come truth to,

But he must sing, si dedero.

Speake, spend and speed, quoth Iohn of Bathon, and therefore,

Sinne fareth as wilde floud,

True loue is a way that is so good.

And clarkes for wealth witcheth them woe,

God doth boote, for now is time."

"I leave out Iohn Carters Epistle, a libell, so named," etc. Annales, or a General Chronicle of England, continued by Edmvnd Howes, Gent, Lond., 1631.

In AV. 9 there is a verse quoted as part of a political song, relating to these troubled times

"My father he died, I cannot tell how,

But he left me six horses to drive out my plough,
With a wimmy lo! wommy lo! Jack Straw, blazey boys,
Wimmy, etc., wob, wob, wob."

It is perhaps necessary to say that there is another version of the same song, in which the italicised words do not occur. It is entitled, "The search after fortune," and is preserved in Gammer Gurton's Garland (1783). First verse

"My father he died, but I can't tell you how,
He left me six horses to drive in my plow,
With my wing, wang, waddle oh,

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