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of France is ins Liberator. One hundred
thousand Frenchmen assembled by his
orders, commanded by a Prince of his
family, by him whom his heart loves to
name his son They marched, invoking
the name of the God of St. Louis; the
throne is preserved to the grandson of
Henry IV.; a fine kingdom is preserved
from ruin, and reconciled to Europe; and
a peace, impossible to obtain by other
means, is conquered by a war the most
just, the most loyal, and at the same time
the least bloody that was ever waged.
Six months, dearest brethren, six months
have sufficed for the performance of so
many miracles. Thanks to the king,
whom God has enlightened; whose lips are
like an oracle, (says the Holy Ghost:)
whose mouth errs not in the judgments
which he pronounces; whose wisdom
scatters the wicked, and after having
vanquished them makes them pass under
the arch of triumph.
Thanks to the
Christian hero, whose faith has sanctified
an expedition already so legitimate
whose courageous feeling and holy valour
has been the admiration of his soldiers,
and who, in the sight of that same Africa,
heretofore the theatre of so many exploits
and so much constancy, has shown to all
Europe that a descendant of St. Louis,
who trusts in the Lord, is always sure of
conquering the enemies of God and of
Kings, were they more fierce than the
Saracens, and more ferocious than the

Barbarians."

Such are legitimates in this age of general intellectual illumination! Such is the cause for which, within thirty years, Britain has expended 1100 millions sterling, and to sustain which rivers of the best blood in Europe have been shed.-Can man be called a reasoning and rational creature?

But the iniquity of the triumph over the intellectual part of Spain, is even deeper than its assertion of a cause which is revolting to the common sense of mankind. The Constitution now overturned is the very system which was adopted by the Cortes assembled under British influence, and promulgated while British armies eujoyed an ascendancythroughout Spain. It was also recognized by all the then existing powers of Europe. Yet we now see its authors and adherents proscribed and fugitive, for honestly asserting the principles which met with general concurrence, when for other purposes it was convenient to espouse them.

A subscription was opened in England to support a cause so just and MONTHLY MAG. No. 388.

reasonable; and we hope and trust it will now be re-opened, to provide annuities at once for the Spanish, Portuguese, and Neapolitan, victims of legitimacy. This is an act of duty not only on the part of all free men, but specially on that of the former subscribers, who contributed create a confidence, the dupes of which they are bound to sustain after defeat.

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In the whole affair, it is impossible to avoid some notice of the glories that are assigned by French vanity to the Bourbon, who months, with half the force, and a within six tenth of the money, has made a conquest of Spain; for effecting which in in England. In the first instance, seven years so much boasting exists say they, the liberals united with the priests, while the Bourbon allies were limited to the priests and priestridden. The title of "FIRST CAPTAIN OF THE AGE" is therefore transferred by them to this Bourbon; for the result of Waterloo is peremptorily ascribed by French writers to Blucher and his Prussians; and nothing is left to the late "first captain" but the glory of that deed which, after the capitulation of Paris, took place near the wall the gardens of the Luxembourg. We think there must be much sophistry in this reasoning; but, not having sufficient space for the discussion, we leave it to our readers.

In the mean time, Spain is in a state of social dismay. Tens of thousands of heads of families, who relied on the justice of their cause, and on the pledged support of other nations, are driven from their homes and families by dread of vengeance; while other tens of thousands, who did their duty to the state as honest men are bound to do, and who expected pro motion and reward, lind their hopes suddenly blasted. All the miseries of civil war, and all the crimes consequent on personal desperation, will thus disgrace human nature in Spain for many months or years; and for what? That a bigotted ideot may ule in spite of the people,--that he may be placed above the laws,-and that such a one shall decide what is best for the nation, instead of the nation choosing for itself. As though the king of a free people were not the

3 B

first

first of kings, and a nation greater which makes a king great, than one which owes its greatness to the chances of legitimacy, and a government of favourites, placed above the law.

We confess we had hoped much or Europe in the regeneration of the Neapolitan, Portuguese, and Spanish, governments; but it appears that, when courts make common cause, they have the address to turn mankind on one another; and the philosophers of the three countries have deceived themselves, and put back their cause a whole generation, by a spirit of moderation which has not been respected by the common enemy.

Many persons in England still hope something from Mina, and even from the desperation of the traitors, who were deceived by the sheep's clothing of the foreign banditti; but what can be done, with any chance of success, by men scattered, who were every where bafilled while their power was concentrated and unbroken. Others charge the Spanish people with want of energy, but forget the sacrifices made, the treasons that appalled, the specious pretences of the invaders, and the allies which they found in the priests and devotees. In our opinion, the liberal party in Spain did all that the same party could or would do in any country, under similar circumstances. France in 1792-3 escaped the fate of Spain owing to a system which mankind now agree to condemn. Like the conspiracy of the Holy Alliance, the French committees disregarded the means, for the sake of the end. The moral principle was respected by the Neapolitans, the Portuguese, and the Spaniards; and we see the result.

To speak historically on the subject, we must state, that, after the French had succeeded by treachery in their assault on the Trocadero, they bombarded Cadiz; and both events so completed the divisions among the garrison and the inhabitants, that the Cortes and the Spanish ministers judged it merciful and expedient not to hazard further contest. An abortive convention was entered into with Ferdinand, the Cortes dissolved themselves, and the royal family leaped into the arms of their Bourbon

confederate, at Port St. Mary's, on the 30th of September. The details of what took place in Cadiz are as yet imperfect; but it seems that many of the principal patriots escaped to Gibraltar, and that Ferdinand issued in succession the following decrees:First Decrce.

The scandalous excess which preceded accompanied, and followed, the establish ment of the democratical Constitution of Cadiz, in the month of March, 1820, have been made public, and known to all my subjects.

The most criminal treason, the most disgraceful baseness, the most horrible of fences against my royal person-these coupled with violence, were the means employed to change essentially the paternal government of my kingdom into a de mocratical code, the fertile source of dis asters and misfortunes.

wise and moderate laws, and such as were My subjects, accustomed to live under conformable to their manners and ens toms, and which, during so many ages, constituted the welfare of their ancestors Boon gave public and universal proofs of their disapprobation and contempt of the new Constitutional system. All classes of the state experienced the mischiefs caused by the new institutions.

Tyrannically governed, by virtue and in the name of the Constitution, secretly watched in all their private concerns, it was not possible to restore order or justice; and they could not obey laws esta blished by perfidy and treason, sustained by violence, and the source of the most dreadful disorders, of the most desolating anarchy, and of universal calamity.

The general voice was heard from sli sides against the tyrannical Constitution it called for the cessation of a code nnll in its origin, illegal in its formation, and n just in its principle; it called for the maintenance of the sacred religion of their ancestors, for the re-establishment of our fundamental laws, and for the preservation of my legitimate rights. rights which I have received from my ancestors, and which my subjects have solemnly sworn to defend.

This general cry of the nation was raised in vain.

In all the provinces armed corps were formed, which leagned themselves agam the soldiers of the Constitution; some times they were conquerors; sometime they were conquered; but they alway remained firm to the cause of religion and of the monarchy.

objects so sacred, never deserted the Their enthusiasm, in the defence of under the reverses of war, and, preferring death to the sacrifice of those great bee

fits, my subjects convinced Europe, by their fidelity and their constancy, that, although Spain nourished in her bosom some unnatural children, the sons of rebellion, the nation in general was reli. gious, monarchical, and passionately devoted to its legitimate sovereign.

The whole of Europe-well aware of my captivity, and that of all the royal family, of the deplorable situation of my loyal and faithful subjects, and of the pernicious doctrines which Spanish agents were disseminating on all sides-resolved to put an end to a state of things, which constituted a common reproach, and

which menaced with destruction all thrones and all ancient institutions, in order to substitute impiety and profli gacy.

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France, entrusted with so sacred an enterprise, has triumphed in few months over the efforts of all the rebels of the world, collected for the misery of Spain upon her classic soil of fidelity and loyalty.

My august and well-beloved cousin, the Duke d'Angouleme, at the head of a valiant army, a conqueror throughout all my territories, has rescued me from the slavery in which I pined, and restored me to my constant and faithful subjects.

Replaced upon the throne of St. Ferdinand, by the just and wise hand of Providence, as well as by the generous efforts of my noble allies, and the valiant enterprize of my cousin, the Duke d'Angouleme, and his brave army, desirous of applying a remedy to the most pressing necessities of my people, and of mani. festing to all my real will in this, the first moment of my recovered liberty, I have authorised the following decree:

Art. 1. All the Acts of the government called Constitutional (of what kind and description they may be), a system which oppressed my people from the 7th of March, 1820, until the 21st of October, 1823, are declared null and void, declar. ing, as I now declare, that during the whole of that period I have been de prived of my liberty, obliged to sanction laws and authorize orders, decrees, and regulations, which the said government framed and executed against my will.

Art. 2. 1 approve of every thing which has been decreed and ordered by the Provisional Junta of Government, and by the Regency, the one created at Oyarzun, April 9, the other May 26, in the present year; waiting, meanwhile, to the until sufficiently informed as wants of my people, I may be able to bestow those laws, and adopt those measures, which shall be best calculated to secure their real prosperity and welfare, the constant object of all my wishes.

You may communicate this decree to all
the ministers.

(Signed by the royal hand.)
D. VICTOR SAEZ.

Port St. Mary, Oct. 1.

A second Decree orders the purification of all the civil authorities and the sup pression of the constitutional army; no officer shall be admitted into the royal army till he shall have purified himself (purificado) in one of the Councils of War, which shall be formed for that purpose.

A third Decree repels from the Spanish dominions all foreigners of whatever na tion they may be, who have taken part in the revolution, or supported or served the cause of the revolutionists.

A fourth Decree convokes the ancient Cortes of the kingdom, and fixes the mode of election.

A fifth, gives splendid recompence to the French generals.

A sixth, ordains that, on his journey to the capital, no individual who, during the existence of the system styled Con stitutional, has been a deputy to the Cortes in the two last legislative sittings, shall present himself or be within five leagues of the route to Madrid. This prohibition is also applicable to the ministers, councillors of state, the members of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, the commandants-general, political chiefs, the persons employed in the several departments of the secretaries of state, and the chiefs and officers of the ci-devant national volunteer militia, to whom his majesty interdicts for ever (para siempre) entrance to the capital and the royal residence, or approach thereto within a circumference of fifteen leagues.

In order that

A seventh is in the following terms. My soul cannot be at rest till, united to my beloved subjects, we shall offer to God pious sacrifices that he may deign to purify by his grace the soil of Spain from so many stains. objects of such importance may be attained, I have resolved that in all pla ces in my dominions, the tribunals, the juntas, and all the public bodies, shall implore the clemency of the Almighty in favour of the nation, and that the archbishops, bishops, and capitular vicars of vacant sees, the priors of orders, and all those who exercise ecclesiastical jurisdictions, shall prepare missions, which shall exert themselves to destroy erroneous, pernicious, and heretical doctrines, and shut up in the monasteries, of which the rules are the most rigid, those ecclesiastics who have been the agents of an impious faction.

An event, which doubtless hastened the fall of Cadiz, was the unfortunate capture of the brave RIEGO, the

chivalrous

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chivalrous hero of the revolution. He left Cadiz for the purpose of arousing the army of Ballasteros to action,-landed at Malaga, and hastened with a body of ill-armed partizans into Grenada, where he arrested the traitor Ballasteros; but a party of troops of the latter, aided by a French division, having put to flight the corps

of Riego, the latter, in company with an English officer, was betrayed by a Spanish peasant and priest.—seized. and conveyed, under every species of insult, to Madrid; where, on some vile pretence, he underwent a mock trial, and has been condemned to death.

INCIDENTS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS, IN AND NEAR LONDON;
With Biographical Memoirs of distinguished Characters recently deceased,

CHRONOLOGY OF THE MONTH.

SEPT. 27-At the Old Bailey no less than thirty-one prisoners sentenced to death, three to transportation for life, sixteen to seven years, and a great number to imprisonment and hard labour for dif ferent periods. It was assumed that a general Act of Parliament, rendering sentence of death unnecessary, did not include the city of London!

29. Mr. Alderman Waithman elected lord mayor.

31.-A distressing accident happened at Brentford: a stage-coach, heavily laden with passengers and luggage, from the restiveness of the fore off-horse, came into contact with a coal-waggon, and was overset. Nine or ten outside passengers were thrown to a considerable distance, and some seriously hurt : an infant, in the arms of its mother, who had a shoulder dislocated and an arm broken, with other bruises, was killed on the spot.

16. A Meteorological Society formed at a public meeting at the London Coffee-house.

MARRIED.

George Grant, esq. of Russell-place, to Miss Sophia Glennie, of Great Jamesstreet.

John Brown, esq. of the India-house, to Miss Marianne Sophia Thompson, of Forest-gate, Essex.

Brailsford Bright, esq. of Bishopsgatestreet, to Miss Tilston, of Wellclosesquare.

Mr. G. Goodwin, of Cheapside, to Miss Caroline Gray, of New-road.

Major-gen. Carey, to Miss Manning, daughter of William Manning, esq. M.P. Mr. J. B. de Mole, to Miss Isabella Maudsley, of Cheltenham-place, Lambeth. Mr. Lewis, of Spital-square, to Miss M. Bunnell, of Islington.

Mr. Stephen Williams, of Bedford-row, to Miss E. Stevenson, of Clapham.

At St. Botolph's, Bishopsgate, Mr. William Lake, of Trinidad, to Miss Susannah Shephard, of Camden-town.

Mr. S. Jones, to Maria, daughter of the late J. Walford, esq. ordnance store-keeper.

Mr. Rodgers, of Canterbury-square, të Miss H. Falconar, of Doncaster.

At St. Luke's, Chelsea, H.V.Tebbs, esq. Doctors' Commons, to Caroline, daughter of Joseph Nailer, esq.

James Trimbey, esq. to Miss H. R. Emmett, both of Balham-hill.

Edgar Taylor, esq. of the Inner Temple, to Miss Ann Christie, of Wick-house, Hackney.

Edward Tyrrell, esq. of Guildhall, to Miss Fanny Lingham, of Ewell.

Philip Hall, esq. of Greek-street, Soho, to Miss Helen Stewart, of St. George'splace, Leith Walk, Edinburgh.

Mr. John Exley, of Hackney, to Miss Elizabeth Atkinson, of Bishopsgate with

out.

Warner Smith, esq. of Walbrook-place, Hoxton, to Miss Elizabeth Haines, of Marshall-street, Golden-square.

Mr. Richard Bentley, of Ely-place, to Miss Charlotte Bolton, of Shoe-lane.

Mr. D. Couty, of St. George's-in-theEast, to Miss Mary Davis, of Newington Butts.

Mr. Samuel Boydell, of Islington, to Miss Jane Boydell Philpot, of Bethnal green.

Mr. Nicholson, of Grafton-house, Soho, to Miss Ray, of Finchley.

Mr. Bissett, of Peckham, to Miss E. S. Bell, of Croydon.

H. Mildmay, esq. to Ann, daughter of Alexander Baring, esq. M.P.

Mr. J. Betteridge, of London, to Miss Tabitha Wood, of Painswick, Glouces tershire.

W. H. Lane, esq. of Mercers-hall, to Miss Emily Armstrong, of Upper Charlotte-street, Fitzroy-square.

At St. George's, Hanover-square, Dr. E. Abbey, to Miss Harriet Catharine Walker, of Reigate.

The Rev. C. Spencer, to Mary Ann, daughter of Sir S. B. Morland, bart.

Hon. P. F. Cust, M.P. to Lady J. M. Scott, sister of the Duke of Buccleugh Mr. G. P. Maples, of the Old Jewry, to Miss Anne Williams, of Bristol.

At Eastbourne, Thomas Palmer Lloyd, esq.

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In Grafton-street, 71, Benjamin Marshall, esq. late of Watling-street.

In Charch-street, Croydon, Thomas Read, esq.

In Fleet-street, 83, John Pettit, esq. late of Bocking, Essex.

In Portman-square, the Hon. Mary Patience Denny, wife of Anthony D. esq. and daughter of the late Lord Collingwood.

In Fleet-street, Mary, widow of Mr. T. Gurney, of Peel's Coffee-house.

In Little Britain, suddenly, Mr. Boulden, bookbinder, much respected, and leaving a large family to lament his loss.

At Blackheath-hill, 77, Mr. J. Hooker, formerley of Bermondsey.

At Blackheath, 28, Elizabeth, wife of J. Armstrong, esq.

At Windsor, 94, Mrs. A. Cowell, of Wigmore-street, Cavendish-square, widow of Benjamin C. esq.

At Hastings, 69, William Coward, esq. of Brixton-lodge.

At Vauxhall, 62, Mrs. Appleton, of Ludgate-hill.

In Portland-place, the Dowager Lady Templeton.

At Highgate, Ann, daughter of the Rev. Dr. Henry Owen, late vicar of Edmonton, and many years the respected conductor of a juvenile seminary for boys.

In Tooley-street, 43, Mr. H. Varnhum. In Weymouth-street, Portland-place, Mrs. E. Morgan, late of St. Vincent's.

In Church-street, Kensington, 79, Joseph Battie, esq. late of the Bengal esta

blishment.

Mrs. Peto, wife of Mr. Peto, builder, Godalmin.

On Lambeth Terrace, 80, Mr. Hugh

Pain.

At Somers Town, 75, Lieut. col. Robert Platt, late of the sth foot.

At Kensington-gore, the widow of J. Fitzgerald, esq.

In Beaumont-street, St. Mary-le-bone, Joseph Kidd, esq. of Shacklewell.

In Sloane-street, 70, Mrs. Coombes. At Twickenham, the Hon. Mrs. Butler. At Ewell, William Dowdeswell, esq. At Clapham, Eliza, daughter of the late Thomas Puckles, esq.

The Rev. R. Harrison, morning preacher at Brompton, and joint lecturer at St. Martin's-in-the-fields, and St. Botolph, Bishopsgate : he was an eminent preacher. At Sutton, Surrey, Lawrence Brickwood, esq, formerly a banker.

At Islington, 34, Susannah, wife of Mr. John Cheap, jun.

In Bridge-street, Southwark, 65, Arthur Polt, eng.

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In the 43rd year of her age, Mrs. Elizabeth Luddington, wife of Mr. William Luddington, of Euston-Square, and sister of Dr. John Evans, of Islington. fell a sacritice to the incessant attention and unremitting vigilance with which she conducted a seminary for young ladies, which under her fostering wing had attained to unexampled prosperity. her return after the Midsummer recess to the discharge of professional duties, her indisposition augmented, and terminated in speedy dissolution. To her mournful partner, and to her three affectionate daughters, as well as to her relatives and friends, she was endeared by the many excellences both of her head and of her heart; they will long cherish her memory. Her removal from an extensive sphere of usefulness and in the zenith of activity, forms an awful comment on the vanity of human expectations, and powerfully inculcates the wisdom of directing our hopes to the imperishable enjoyments of a better world. This account shall be closed with lines of which she expressed her warmest admiration.

. Yes, we shall live for ever. Life's short
years

May bring their destined trials, woes, and Joys,
And shew the thorns and roses in our way;
But we shall follow when the mighty Lord
Of man's redemption, rising from the grave,
Above, where spirits of the just abide
Ascended, pointing to our promised home
In immortality and perfect love!

At his seat at Brocklesby-hall, in Lincolnshire, Charles Anderson Pelham, Lord Yarborough. Mr. Anderson, which is his patronymic name, assumed that of Pelliam on succeeding to the fortune of Charles Pelham, his great uncle. He served in several parliaments for the county of Lincoln, till the year 1792, when, by the interest of Mr. Pitt, to whom he had attached himself, he was, by the King, created Baron Yarborough. His lordship soon, however, changed his politics, and for many years has voted with opposition. He has not been distinguished as an orator in either house of parliament.

He

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