men,

high rocks of Sasco, and his robe shall fall from his shoulders as his broad chest waits the deatharrow of the Great Spirit. There will he sit and smoke in silence, as he looks down upon the deserted hunting-grounds of his fathers. Pequot's heart is heavy,-Pequot will not drînk.”

"The Great Spirit was kind to him, for a few years after, he was found stark and stiff, frozen to death on the very rocks to which he had alluded.”

Notices of New Works.

THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF MARTIN CHUZZLEWIT; his relatives, friends and enemies, comprising all his wills and his ways. With an historical record of what he did, and what he didn't: showing moreover who inherited the family plate, who came in for the silver spoons, and who for the wooden ladles. The whole forming a complete key to the house of Chuzzlewit. Edited by Boz," with illustrations by "Phiz." Part I-New-York: Harper & Brothers.

shores-and from haunting a swamp from which have sunk from its deadly poison, as the mist wreath the Pequots were dislodged in the early settlement in the midday sun. The good Moravians have told of the country, the inhabitants called this old man-him that it is bad-and Pequot will drink no more— Pequot. An Indian, named Pamanack, from Mon- for his race is nearly run. Pequot will sit on the tauk Point, one of those lingerers, who hover around the confines of civilization, meeting the stern old chief, offered him his bottle, and invited him to drink; his reply, with the habitual melancholy, resting over his features, renewedly awakens in our mind, the deepest sympathy and compassion, which we have long entertained for those injured races of who have been driven from their possessions, and are fast fading away from the things that are. We are glad to seize every memorial which may perpetuate a knowledge of a noble race that will soon be blotted out from the page of the world's history. After Pamanack offered Pequot the black bottle, and invited him to drink--" Pequot drew himself up to his extreme height, and for a moment there was a mingled expression of loathing, abhorrence, and ferocity, flashing from his countenance that showed that his whole Indian's nature was in a blaze; but it was only momentary, for in another, the expression vanished from his countenance, the habitual melancholy resumed its place upon his features, and the words fell slowly, almost musically, from his lips: "The fire-waterthe fire-water-ay, the same-the Indian and his deadly enemy." Then looking steadily at Pama- Dickens will yet have reason to believe that the "uninack, as he held the bottle still towards him. varsal Yankee Nation," is like the Irishman's pig, that "Paquot will not drink. Why should Pamanack will go to Cork only when he thinks the swine-herd would drive him in the opposite direction to Killcummin. Dickswallow the white man's poison, and with his own ens came over here to get up a feeling in favor of interna hands dig his grave? Pamanack is not alone! tional copy-right, for the benefit of English authors. So His squaw watches at the door of his wigwam, as far from succeeding, the first part of his Martin Chuzzleshe looks out upon the long waves of the ocean wit-by the way-quite a book, with two good illustrations, tumbling in upon the shores of Montaukelt. His is republished here, in Yankee land, and sold, engravings young men gather about him and catch the tautaug got up this work on good paper, and in their usual style of and all, for four-pence-ha'-penny. The Messrs. Harper have from its huge beeting rocks, and tread out the qua- neat typography. Martin Chuzzlewit for four-pence-ha hog from its muddy bed. His old men still linger penny! What will Mrs. Dickens say? We hope the pubon the sandy beach, and their scalp-locks float lishers will send a copy to each of the little "Bozes." wildly in the fresh sea breeze. Pamanack has yet a home-but Pequot-he is the last of his race. He stands on the high hills of Tashaway, and he sees no smoke, but that from the wigwams of the Long Knives. He moves in silence along the plains of Pequonnuck,--but the fences of the pale faces obstruct his progress. His canoe dances at the side of the dripping rocks-but the cheating white men paddle up to his side. His feet sink in the ploughed field,--but it is not the corn of the red man. His squaw has rolled her last log, and lies cold in her blanket. His young men,-the firewater, and fire-dust have consumed them. Pequot looks around for his people-where are they? The black snake and muskrat shoot through the water as his moccasin treads the swamp, where their bones lie, deep covered from the hate of their enemies. Pequot is the last of his race! Pamanack is good, but the heart of Pequot is heavy. He cannot drink the fire-water, for his young men

HARPERS' FAMILY LIBRARY-No. I. Rev. H. H. Hilman's History of the Jews, in three vols., vol. 1. NewYork: Harper and Brothers-1843.

The "Family Library," already numbering 157 vols., to be extended to 200, as works of a high character can be obtained, is to be issued, entire, one vol. weekly, cents a volume; just half their former price. The sales at cheapest books in the market. The volumes of the Family that price were immense; for, at 50 cents, they were the Library are to be illustrated and embellished as heretofore, the paper is to be as good, and the works bound according to the Johnsonian notion of useful books; viz. so that "you may carry them to the fire and hold them readily in your hand. A man will often look at them, and be tempted to go on, when he would have been frightened at books of a larger size, and a more erudite appearance." and what reading family cannot afford that?-every house By an expenditure of 25 cents a week, for four yearswhere there are children to instruct, or adults to edify, may be furnished with a Library of the best and most useful complishing wonders in the way of Cheap Literature. This works in the English Language. These publishers are acis one of the best histories that is, of the Jews; it assists and may be read with profit and pleasure by all. It is for to the proper understanding of many passages of the Bible. sale at the Bookstore of Messrs. Smith, Drinker & Morris.

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annual tribute, treated her only as a conquered pro- | has created order and tranquility where once was vince, which they were at full liberty to pillage confusion; and were it incomparably more severe, while their short season of power lasted. This would still be preferable to the anarchy which it evil extended to all the offices of the government. succeeded. The judiciary system has been reThe administration of justice was but another name formed, so that justice is no longer a mockery, and for bribery; taxes were collected without system thus, safety of person and property is established; or law, the officers seizing every thing indiscrimi- indeed, it was observed in a debate in the House of nately, until the requisite amount was raised; the Commons, that property was more secure in Egypt rich were plundered, either by direct seizure of than in any country in Europe. A system of taxatheir property, or by being compelled to purchase tion, as uniform as circumstances will admit, has government articles at an enormous price; the also been substituted for the former irregular mode, most cruel punishments were inflicted by every and though its weight is oppressive, it rests equally petty officer for light and trivial offences; and, in upon all. the language of Volney, "barbarism was complete." This severity of taxation is frequently mentioned That celebrated traveller gives us the following in condemnation of Mehemet Ali; but a moment's graphic description of the deplorable state of things thought will suffice to show that this is unreasonain Egypt, under its former rulers. "All that we ble. It is well known that, from the commencesee, and all that we hear, announce that we are in ment of his career, he has been obliged to contend a land of slavery and of tyranny; nothing is talked against the opposition of the Sultan. True, it may of but civil tumults, public misery, extortions of be urged in proof of his high stand in the favor of money, bastinadoes and murders. No security for the Porte, that, when it was unable to rescue the life and property; human blood is poured out like "Holy Cities" from the heretical Wahabees, his that of an ox; justice even sheds it without the services were demanded, and that his assistance was process of formality. The officer, of the night, likewise required in the attempt to subjugate Greece; during his rounds, the officer of the day, in his but neither the Sultan, in making these demands, walks, judge, condemn and execute, in the twink-nor he, in complying with them, entertain any senling of an eye, and without appeal. Executioners timents of mutual confidence or attachment. On accompany them; and, at the first order, the head the contrary, while he was engaged in the first of of a miserable wretch tumbles into the leathern sack."

these undertakings, the successful execution of which has rendered him so dear to every Moslem The Bedouins were likewise independent of all heart, an imperial decree arrived in Alexandria, control, and even carried their marauding expedi- depriving him of the Pachalic and appointing the tions to the very walls of Cairo, seizing women bearer in his stead. His assistance was demanded and children, and retaining them until ransomed. as being the most powerful vassal in the empire: No one could ascend the Nile as far as the first he gave it, because he was impelled both by procataract or the pyramids, without being exposed to mises of reward, and zeal for the interests of his their outrages; nor could the caravans cross the faith. Since that time, he has been twice deposed, desert to the Red sea, without paying them tribute. and compelled to defend himself by arms. In such Such being the condition of Egypt under the a situation, it is evident that he could not maintain Turks, we shall be better qualified to judge of its himself on the throne a moment without the aid of improvements, by the contrast at present exhibited. an army, and one too, powerful enough to resist It is related of one of the earlier Norman Chiefs, effectually any force which could be sent against that he so completely suppressed theft within his him. Such an army is disproportionate to the comjurisdiction, that a massive gold chain, suspended paratively slender resources of Egypt, and can near the wayside, remained secure. Mehemet Ali only be supported by grievous exactions. No cenhas accomplished a task almost equally difficult; sure should then be attached to Mehemet Ali, who he has tamed the wild and lawless Arab. The is thus made the victim of circumstances beyond arid wastes, over which they had hitherto roamed his control, but rather to those who have been inunchecked and uncontrolled, no longer afforded strumental in creating discord between him and them protection. The cavalry of the Pacha pur- the Sultan, and thus compelling him, in sheer selfsued them into their native wilds, until, wearied defence, to be oppressive. with an enemy whom they could neither overcome Egypt, that land of unrivalled fertility, and once in battle, nor escape by flight, they acknowledged of sufficient extent to be the granary of Rome. his sway, and ceased their depredations. The has now, through long subjection to the Turkish traveller in the desert, in any part of his domi-system of neglect, been contracted, by the encroachnion, is now as safe as in the streets of Alexandria. ments of the desert, to a narrow strip of land upon The great superiority of the present government the banks of the Nile. Indeed, were it not that over the former, consists in its regular organiza- the annual inundation of that river, of itself, pretion. True, it is a despotism, and of the most rigid serves the fertility of the soil as far as it extends, character, but it is impartial in its operation. It the whole would have long since been converted

:

probably could not have made. We shall be better able to judge of the merits of his government, by comparing it with that which preceded it, or indeed with that of any oriental nation; then his true character as a reformer will be appreciated. We may indeed say, that some of those very measures

into a barren waste, inhabited only by the wander- | Jews and Christians and not only in this, but even ing Bedouin. But, under Mehemet Ali, the an- in advancing them to stations of trust, some of cient system of irrigation has been renewed, and them occupying the most important civil as well the advances of the desert effectually prevented. as military offices. This, together with the secuThe agriculture of the country, before in a de- rity of property, and the favorable opportunities for plorably wretched condition, has been already ma- the investment of capital, is fast drawing into Egypt terially improved through his efforts, and is rapidly commercial men from the various countries of Euattaining that perfection to which it has been brought rope, and will become one of the most efficient by the enlightened nations of Europe. He has means of civilizing his dominions. likewise introduced the culture of various tropical Such are some of the benefits which have replants, which have been found by experiment to be sulted from the government of Mehemet Ali. That adapted to the soil, the most important of which are government is still a bad one, and would be utterly cotton, and the sugar-cane. Nor have his improve- unfit for any enlightened nation; but it is probably ments ceased here. Canals have been dug, railroads as good as the condition of his subjects will admit. projected, extensive manufactories established, and At all events, it is immeasurably superior, both in even now the steamboat-gift of the new world-energy and humanity, to that which it has dismay be seen ploughing its way through the classic placed, and to any other Mahommedan government waters of the Nile-a more magnificent spectacle that is now or has for ages been in existence. than the royal galley of Cleopatra. Other improve- Those who dwell chiefly on its faults should recolments, which owe their origin to him, evince the lect that Mehemet Ali is a Turk, and as such has superiority of his mind, in its exemption from some been reared up under a despotism far more tyranof those deep-rooted prejudices which are gene-nical than his own. He should therefore rather rally entertained by the followers of the Prophet. receive credit for those improvements which he In consequence of the doctrine of the unchangeable has made, than censure for such as he has not, and decrees of fate, which Mahomet found it necessary to inculcate in order to inspire his soldiers with that reckless disregard of danger which almost enabled them to subjugate the world, no efforts not even such as the most savage people are accustomed to make-have been exerted to combat those numerous and deadly maladies so peculiar for which he is most frequently and perhaps most to tropical climates. Consequently, the Plague, justly condemned, are paralleled in the usages of whenever it makes its appearance, rages with un- some of the most enlightened nations in the world. controlled violence throughout the countries of the Nothing is more common than to hear Mehemet Levant, bringing death into the bosom of every Ali called an infamous despot on account of the family. The Asiatic Cholera, so terrible a scourge severity of his conscription. He has no other to the civilized nations of Europe and America, apology for it than the exigencies of his situation. when it swept its "darkening desolating way" over And what other had Napoleon, when he decimated the globe, carried off half the population of the the population of France or England, when her Mohammedan world. To such an extreme, in-seamen were compelled to secrete themselves, until deed, does the Mussulman carry his notions of fate, their reëmbarkation, in the filthiest hovels, and vithat he fearlessly wears the infected garments of lest dens of wretchedness and crime, in order to his deceased relatives, and saying, “Allah Kerim," escape impressment on their arrival in their native "God is merciful!" walks with the most stoical land? Russia now has not even that plea, and indifference beneath the tottering and falling walls, yet, the Emperor Nicholas is permitted to tear his amid the shocks of the earthquake. miserable subjects from their homes, with the most But Mehemet Ali is superior to these prejudices. ruthless barbarity, and to force them into an unwilHe has established hospitals, and schools of medi- ling and rigorous service, without exciting the ineine in various parts of his dominions, with already dignation of mankind. It would be well if, in perceptible benefit, and engaged the services of reference to this and some other topics, the Euroeminent physicians from France and England. Throwing off that self-complacent ignorance, within which the Turk wraps himself and contemns Europeans as degraded barbarians, he has acknow- The darkest stain upon the character of Meheledged their superior intelligence, willingly counte- met Ali has been incurred by his treacherous murnanced the efforts of missionaries to found schools, der of the Mamelukes. That brave and chivalrous, and has even himself set the example. Nor can though cruel and tyrannical body, which had so we too highly commend the spirit of toleration, so long ruled Egypt with the most singular governanasual in a Moslem, which he has manifested in ment ever known, had at length been reduced to a removing the restrictions previously existing upon mere handful, which, however, still retained the

peans would reserve their censure until they had reformed those very abuses at home, of which, in other governments, they so loudly complain.

THE WITCH.

A WANDERING ESSAY.

original bravery of their order. Having incurred | the enmity of the Pacha, he determined upon their destruction, and for that purpose decoyed them into Cairo by an invitation to a feast, accompanied In looking abroad over the varied productions of by a promise of safety. They were there slain to nature, and observing, with an attentive and disa man, in violation of every obligation of faith and criminating eye, the numerous beautiful and extrajustice. Black as was the perfidy of this deed, ordinary contrivances she makes use of to perfect and deeply as it deserves the execration of man- the growth and reproduction of the simplest flower; kind, yet Mehemet Ali has been treated with injus- or bring to its final state of perfection the most tice, even with regard to this. All are ready to minute insect, a reflecting mind can scarcely fail lift up their voices in condemnation of the viceroy to be struck with wonder and admiration; and, of Egypt, while the wholesale massacre of the Janizaries by the Sultan Mahmoud, an act equally perfidious and cruel, and involving far greater destruction of human life, is not only passed over without censure, but even finds apologists. Such to lift his eyes and behold the glories of the uniis the way of the world. The ruler of a vast verse, and elevate his mind by the power of reason realm, the descendant of a "long line" of illustrious and reflection to a just appreciation of that Great monarchs, may perpetrate atrocities with impunity, Being who created them. which forever stigmatize one whose own exertions have raised him to the throne.

seeing through his complicated works the Great Author of all things, feel a pardonable pride in the superior instincts and faculties which, of all the great masses of created beings, enables him alone,

Of all men, naturalists are, in my estimation, the most truly to be esteemed and envied. Since the Mehemet Ali is undoubtedly, even now, the most pursuit of happiness is the great end and aim of powerful, as he is now the most enlightened and our existence, surely he, who finds it in the lovehumane of Mahommedan sovereigns; and, before liest haunts of nature, amid flowers, trees, and he was unjustly despoiled by the four allied powers birds, searching out their innate properties, developof the greater part of his possessions, his domi-ing their instincts, and tracing, with untiring pernions were more extensive than those of the Sultan severance, their minute and beautiful structure, is himself. Nothing but his forbearance, or more a man to be envied. That he does find happiness probably, that respect which, in every true Moslem, in this pursuit, cannot be doubted-for, he proseattaches itself to the person and power of the Ca-cutes it with no other hope of reward than the gloliph, prevented him from overthrowing the Turkish rious triumphs of discovery, and that deep, unwearyEmpire upon the commencement of his difficulties ing pleasure which finer minds derive from the conwith the Porte. No monarch in Europe could have then interposed, before his armies had entered Constantinople. Twice since that time, he has utterly destroyed the last army that could arrest the march of his forces upon the capital, and but for the timely assistance of his Christian Friends, the power of the Ottoman would now be numbered with "the things that were."

templation of nature's various aspects, from the pure breath of Heaven, and from the deep calm peace which seems to brood ever amid her leafy halls; and the fact that so many men, in all ages of the world, have devoted themselves with untiring devotion to these gentle studies, men of great acquirements too, and not by any means incapable of entering the arena, where sterner prizes were conWhatever may be the ultimate result of the tested, is sufficient evidence that the study posstruggles of Mahemet Ali to increase his power sesses a degree of fascination, in itself a more and extend his dominions, he has already surround- than sufficient reward for all the labor and pains it ed his name with a halo of renown which all coming requires. The naturalist is then, I pronounce, a time will fail to dissipate. He is now far advanced man to be envied, as one who possesses an inward in life, and though still enjoying a green old age, resource, of which nothing can deprive him, so he is nearing the close of his stormy and eventful long as our old mother continues to don her many career. Should his adopted son and probable suc-colored robes, and afford sustenance to her myriads cessor, Ibrahim Pacha, exhibit the same abilities of children; and, moreover, as a man, likely to be, upon the throne which he has displayed in the con- from the very nature of his pursuits, more simpleduct of armies, his sceptre will not have fallen into minded, unambitious, and freer from all the stormy an unworthy hand. Numerous indications proclaim passions which deface our nature, and leave their the rapid approach of the inevitable downfall of earth-stains on our immortal path-than many who Mahommedan sovereignty in Europe. Whether look down upon his quiet labors, and scorn his Egypt is destined to be swallowed up in the vortex, peaceful triumphs. or to rise still more powerful after the subsiding of the agitated waters, and Mehemet Ali to be the founder of a dynasty which will, partially at least, restore the ancient glory of her name, futurity alone can tell.

C.

I am, myself, something of a naturalist on a small scale, and take exceeding delight in watching the manœuvres of various ants, bees and spiders of my acquaintance, as well as in cherishing, with peculiar care, every little shrub, plant and green